Review
Cell Biology
Elisabeth C. Kugler, John Greenwood, Ryan B. MacDonald
Summary: The neurovascular unit is a complex multi-cellular structure consisting of various cell types such as endothelial cells, neurons, glia, smooth muscle cells, and pericytes. While neurovascular coupling is a key function of the NVU, the unit's functionality extends beyond this coupling to include signaling, metabolism, and homeostasis across different components. Glial cells have gained increased attention within the NVU and play central roles in its functionality and disease pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xu Zheng, Dan Zhao, Ye Jin, Yang Liu, Da Liu
Summary: The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a crucial role in the innate immune system and is associated with the development of various gynecological diseases. Inhibitors of NLRP3 inflammasome have therapeutic potential in maintaining cellular and tissue health, but excessive use can lead to adverse effects.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Hurtado-Navarro, Diego Angosto-Bazarra, Pablo Pelegrin, Alberto Baroja-Mazo, Santiago Cuevas
Summary: Inflammasomes, particularly the NLRP3 inflammasome, play a crucial role in regulating inflammation and pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory pathway involved in liver pathophysiology. Oxidative stress, inflammasome activation, and pyroptosis are interconnected molecular mechanisms contributing to the progression of liver diseases. Antioxidants that activate Nrf2 may have protective effects against liver inflammation and fibrosis. This review highlights the role of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in various hepatic diseases and suggests the potential use of Nrf2 inducers as liver protective compounds.
Review
Neurosciences
Samantha Schaeffer, Costantino Iadecola
Summary: Schaeffer and Iadecola reviewed the heterogeneity of the neurovasculature and discussed the limitations of the neurovascular unit concept and the molecular diversity of cerebrovascular cells. They proposed the concept of a 'neurovascular complex' composed of segmentally diverse functional modules that implement coordinated vascular responses to central and peripheral signals.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Liyun Wang, Xiaoxing Xiong, Luyuan Zhang, Jian Shen
Summary: Ischemic stroke, resulting from sudden blockage of brain blood vessels, has a significant impact on health. Recent studies have highlighted the influence of the neurovascular unit on stroke outcomes, providing new strategies for treatment. The pathophysiology and neurovascular repair processes of IS are closely linked to the homeostatic state of the NVU, suggesting potential expansions in treatment options.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qing Wang, Jialing Zheng, Sven Pettersson, Richard Reynolds, Eng-King Tan
Summary: The neurovascular unit (NVU) consists of vascular cells, glial cells, and neurons. It plays an important role in maintaining the microenvironment homeostasis and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. Disruption of the NVU and interactions among its components are involved in the pathophysiology of synucleinopathies, characterized by pathological accumulation of α-synuclein. Neuroinflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, and dementia with Lewy bodies. This review summarizes the neuroinflammatory response of glial cells and vascular cells in the NVU, as well as the cross-talk between different cell types within the NVU and the influence of α-synuclein on neuroinflammation and disease progression.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Danni Lu, Rong Ma, Qian Xie, Zhuo Xu, Jianmei Yuan, Mihong Ren, Jinxiu Li, Yong Li, Jian Wang
Summary: This article introduces the concept of the Neurovascular Unit (NVU) and discusses the emerging role of zebrafish as a model organism in CNS disease research. The analysis of relevant literature and construction of zebrafish models for various CNS diseases provide new methods and references for the treatment and research of CNS diseases.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luis O. Soto-Rojas, B. Berenice Campa-Cordoba, Charles R. Harrington, Andres Salas-Casas, Mario Hernandes-Alejandro, Ignacio Villanueva-Fierro, Marely Bravo-Munoz, Linda Garces-Ramirez, Fidel De la Cruz-Lopez, Miguel angel Ontiveros-Torres, Goar Gevorkian, Mar Pacheco-Herrero, Jose Luna-Munoz
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by Aβ vascular accumulation, leading to neuronal dysfunction and accelerated neurodegeneration. The study found insoluble Aβ vascular deposits in the brains of AD patients, associated with a decrease in cellular components of the NVU and BBB disruption. This approach could help identify new therapeutic targets against key molecules in the NVU to prevent the accumulation of vascular fibrillar Aβ in AD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Manuel R. Pouso, Elisa Cairrao
Summary: Retinoic acid, derived from vitamin A, maintains transcriptional activity and plays a crucial role in the development and maturation of the cerebral vascular system, as well as the integrity of the neurovascular unit. Its deficiency leads to neurodegenerative diseases and affects the prognosis after ischemic stroke.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Qi Pang, Peiwen Wang, Yajing Pan, Xingtong Dong, Ting Zhou, Xinyu Song, Aihua Zhang
Summary: This study demonstrates for the first time that Irisin protects the cardiovascular system against vascular calcification in CKD by inducing autophagy and inhibiting VSMC pyroptosis.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Dandan Wu, Zhenzhen Zhang, Xiaoli Jiang, Yaning Du, Shuangyan Zhang, Xiao-Dong Yang
Summary: Inflammasomes are multi-protein platforms assembled in response to microbial and danger signals, with recent evidence showing their assembly and activation at the centrosome, explaining the singularity and perinuclear location of activated inflammasomes. This reveals the previously unappreciated importance of the centrosome in controlling inflammasome assembly and related diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federica Piancone, Francesca La Rosa, Ivana Marventano, Marina Saresella, Mario Clerici
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases are chronic, progressive disorders characterized by inflammation in the central nervous system. Various conditions seem to share a common inflammatory mechanism.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Valeria Mariotti, Romina Fiorotto, Massimiliano Cadamuro, Luca Fabris, Mario Strazzabosco
Summary: The VEGF family plays a crucial role in regulating various biological processes in biliary epithelial cell biology, including angiogenesis and cell proliferation. The VEGF/VEGFR signaling pathway is essential for bile duct development and can lead to different physiological changes in various disease states.
Review
Immunology
Ruixuan You, Xinglan He, Zhuotong Zeng, Yi Zhan, Yangfan Xiao, Rong Xiao
Summary: Autoimmune diseases are a group of heterogeneous diseases caused by the destruction of immune tolerance and the production of autoantibodies. Excessive exacerbation of pyroptosis, a form of programmed cell death, plays a crucial role in the development of autoimmune diseases. Inflammasomes act as switches for pyroptosis, and various pyroptosis pathways disrupt immune system homeostasis and promote autoimmunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Luting Poh, Wei Liang Sim, Dong-Gyu Jo, Quynh Nhu Dinh, Grant R. Drummond, Christopher G. Sobey, Christopher Li-Hsian Chen, Mitchell K. P. Lai, David Y. Fann, Thiruma V. Arumugam
Summary: This review aims to provide a comprehensive insight into the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced inflammasome signaling in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI).
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Islam N. Mohamed, Nahla Reda Sarhan, Mohamed Ahmed Eladl, Azza B. El-Remessy, Mohamed El-Sherbiny
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Riyaz Mohamed, Maha Concha, Sally L. Elshaer, Sandeep Artham, Tahira Lemtalsi, Azza B. El-Remessy
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sally L. Elshaer, Azza B. El-Remessy
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2018)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sally L. Elshaer, Abdulrahman Alwhaibi, Riyaz Mohamed, Tahira Lemtalsi, Maha Coucha, Frank M. Longo, Azza B. El-Remessy
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maha Coucha, Ahmed Y. Shanab, Mohamed Sayed, Almira Vazdarjanova, Azza B. El-Remessy
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Islam N. Mohamed, Nader Sheibani, Azza B. El-Remessy
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sally L. Elshaer, Hang-soo Park, Laura Pearson, William D. Hill, Frank M. Longo, Azza B. El-Remessy
Summary: The study found that modulating the neurotrophin receptor p75(NTR) can enhance the vascular protection of MSCs in an acute model of retinal ischemia/reperfusion, reducing the formation of acellular capillaries and promoting angiogenic response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sally L. Elshaer, Salma H. Bahram, Pranav Rajashekar, Rajashekhar Gangaraju, Azza B. El-Remessy
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have regenerative effects primarily through paracrine effects mediated by the secretion of bioactive molecules. However, the restoration of MSCs' functional capabilities and the utilization of secretome therapies face challenges such as the heterogeneity of MSCs and the complexity of the secretome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jennifer Courtney, Erika Titus-Lay, Ashim Malhotra, Jeffrey Nehira, Islam Mohamed, Welly Mente, Uyen Le, Linda Buckley, Xiaodong Feng, Ruth Vinall
Summary: This scoping review summarizes the impact of COVID-19 on pharmacy education and the effectiveness of adaptation strategies. A total of 50 primary research articles were included, revealing the influence of COVID-19 on lab-based courses, experiential education, didactic education, and student well-being. The findings highlight that while the pandemic has posed challenges, it has also driven significant improvements and innovations in pharmacy education.
Meeting Abstract
Hematology
Islam Mohamed, Sheena Thomas, Kimberly Rooney, Nick Willett, W. Robert Taylor, Charles Searles
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Hematology
Islam Mohamed, Sheena Thomas, Charles Searles
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sally L. Elshaer, Islam N. Mohamed, Maha Coucha, Sara Altantawi, Wael Eldahshan, Megan L. Bartasi, Ahmed Y. Shanab, Renee Lorys, Azza B. El-Remessy
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sally L. Elshaer, Tahira Lemtalsi, Azza B. El-Remessy