Review
Oncology
Alessia Leone, Cecilia Nigro, Antonella Nicolo, Immacolata Prevenzano, Pietro Formisano, Francesco Beguinot, Claudia Miele
Summary: MGO, a reactive dicarbonyl known as the major precursor of the advanced glycated end products, is a subject of debate regarding its role in tumor progression. It has a hormetic potential, with lower doses establishing an adaptive response while higher doses causing cellular apoptosis. Understanding the extent of MGO accumulation and the tumor context is crucial in determining its contribution to cancer progression.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Priya Gambhir, Vijendra Singh, Utkarsh Raghuvanshi, Adwaita Prasad Parida, Amit Pareek, Abhishek Roychowdhury, Sudhir K. K. Sopory, Rahul Kumar, Arun Kumar Sharma
Summary: This study identified all 22 glyoxalases in tomato and studied their functions under abiotic stresses. The results showed that the GLYIII pathway plays a prominent role in abiotic stress mitigation in tomato.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joonhyeok Choi, Sungho Tak, Hoe-Myung Jung, Soyoung Cha, Eunha Hwang, Donghan Lee, Joon-Hwa Lee, Kyoung-Seok Ryu, Chankyu Park
Summary: DJ-1 protein plays a protective role against neurodegeneration by decomposing methylglyoxal (MG) through catalysis to lactate. It directly recognizes MG rather than its intermediates. TRIS molecule forms stable diastereotopic complexes with MG, which may interfere with the assay of protein activity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naila Rabbani, Mingzhan Xue, Paul J. Thornalley
Summary: The glucose-induced stabilization of hexokinase-2 (HK2) to proteolysis in cell dysfunction in model hyperglycemia has been discovered to be a key factor in the development of insulin resistance and vascular complications in diabetes. This leads to HK2-linked glycolytic overload and unscheduled glycolysis, causing mitochondrial dysfunction and increased reactive oxygen species formation, among other metabolic consequences. The use of glyoxalase 1 inducer-trans-resveratrol and hesperetin in combination has shown promising results in reversing the effects of HK2-linked glycolytic overload and unscheduled glycolysis in clinical trials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miklos Peter Kalapos, Lidia de Bari
Summary: This article proposes an evolutionary trajectory for the development of glycolysis and explores its origin from a chemoautotrophic perspective. By studying the enzymatic reaction mechanisms, similarities between enzymes and nonenzymatic stages were found, shedding light on the development of glycolysis in the nonenzymatic era.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shuvechha Mukherjee, Indra Kundu, Mehdi Askari, Ram Shankar Barai, K. V. Venkatesh, Susan Idicula-Thomas
Summary: The study utilized a comprehensive computational workflow to identify, prioritize and validate drug targets in Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis, resulting in the discovery of novel metabolic and non-metabolic targets. These targets were confirmed to be essential through in silico gene knockout and in vitro drug inhibition assays, with the algorithm available for download and local execution.
Article
Microbiology
Paul K. K. Yu, Llewelyn S. S. Moron-Espiritu, Angelyn R. R. Lao
Summary: Candidiasis is the most common fungal infection in critical care settings. Fluconazole, the current antifungal agent of choice, has been facing increasing resistance in recent years, leading to a need for alternative drug targets. A mathematical model of the ergosterol pathway in Candida albicans was constructed, and simulations revealed that increasing the amount of the sterol-methyltransferase enzyme can enhance susceptibility to fluconazole.
Article
Microbiology
Sa-Ouk Kang, Min-Kyu Kwak
Summary: The study indicates that methylglyoxal scavenging enzyme activities are crucial for the glutathione-dependent redox regulation in Candida albicans. The double disruptants of Delta mgd1/Delta adh1 exhibit severe growth defects and cell cycle arrest, showcasing an unbalanced redox state compared to single disruptants.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sa-Ouk Kang, Min-Kyu Kwak
Summary: The study investigates the functional role of methylglyoxal scavengers in Candida albicans under glutathione-depleted conditions, demonstrating their impact on redox balance. While all disruptants showed elevated methylglyoxal levels, the triple disruptant exhibited distinct metabolic changes and higher antioxidative enzyme activities. This suggests a reciprocal relationship between methylglyoxal scavengers and redox regulation, highlighting the importance of these enzymes for cellular viability in yeast.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Aize Pellon, Neelu Begum, Shervin Dokht Sadeghi Nasab, Azadeh Harzandi, Saeed Shoaie, David L. Moyes
Summary: This review paper focuses on the impact of cellular metabolism and nutritional environment on the interplay between host and fungal cells, with a particular emphasis on the metabolic interactions between host cells and Candida.
Article
Immunology
Zirun Zhao, Ying Sun, Mingchun Li, Qilin Yu
Summary: In this study, a synthetic cell-based fungal vaccine was developed using synthetic biology techniques for preventing systemic fungal infections. The vaccine showed promising results in mice by inducing immune response and preventing fungal colonization.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryland W. Jackson, Claire M. Smathers, Aaron R. Robart
Summary: Only a small fraction of the X-ray crystal structures in the Protein Data Bank are RNA or RNA-protein complexes, mainly due to obstacles such as low yields of pure, properly folded RNA, difficulty creating crystal contacts due to low sequence diversity, and limited methods for phasing. To overcome these obstacles, various approaches including native RNA purification, engineered crystallization modules, and incorporation of proteins have been developed. This review discusses these strategies and provides examples of their practical applications.
Article
Microbiology
Tamires A. Bitencourt, Otavio Hatanaka, Andre M. Pessoni, Mateus S. Freitas, Gabriel Trentin, Patrick Santos, Antonio Rossi, Nilce M. Martinez-Rossi, Lysangela L. Alves, Arturo Casadevall, Marcio L. Rodrigues, Fausto Almeida
Summary: This study investigates the role of fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) as potent message effectors in regulating gene expression and phenotypic features in pathogenic fungi.
Article
Microbiology
Tamires A. Bitencourt, Otavio Hatanaka, Andre M. Pessoni, Mateus S. Freitas, Gabriel Trentin, Patrick Santos, Antonio Rossi, Nilce M. Martinez-Rossi, Lysangela L. Alves, Arturo Casadevall, Marcio L. Rodrigues, Fausto Almeida
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in fungal communication. They found that EVs from Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis can regulate the expression of target genes and phenotypic features. The researchers propose that fungal EVs act as potent message effectors, and understanding their effects and mechanisms of action could be used in antifungal therapies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta L. Mendes, Gunnar Dittmar
Summary: The structure of the 26S proteasome, essential for protein degradation and maintaining cell homeostasis, has been successfully determined using cryo-electron microscopy, revealing at least seven different conformational states. The application of cross-linking mass spectrometry in integrative structural biology studies promises to answer more unanswered questions.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ameeduzzafar, Ibrahim El-Bagory, Nabil K. Alruwaili, Syed Sarim Imam, Fadhel Ahmed Alomar, Mohammed H. Elkomy, Naveed Ahmad, Mohammed Elmowafy
JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY & RELATED TECHNOLOGIES
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Nabil K. Alruwaili, Ameeduzzafar Zafar, Syed Sarim Imam, Khalid Saad Alharbi, Sultan Alshehri, Tilal Elsaman, Fadhel Ahmed Alomar, Sultan Akhtar, Usama A. Fahmy, Nabil A. Alhakamy, Mohammed Salem Alshammari
DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND INDUSTRIAL PHARMACY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Prasanta K. Dash, Fadhel A. Alomar, Bryan T. Hackfort, Hang Su, Amy Conaway, Larisa Y. Poluektova, Howard E. Gendelman, Santhi Gorantla, Keshore R. Bidasee
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fadhel A. Alomar, Abdullah Al-Rubaish, Fahad Al-Muhanna, Amein K. Al-Ali, JoEllyn McMillan, Jaipaul Singh, Keshore R. Bidasee
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fadhel A. Alomar, Chengju Tian, Prasanta K. Dash, JoEllyn M. McMillan, Howard E. Gendelman, Santhi Gorantla, Keshore R. Bidasee
Summary: The study evaluated the potential impact of antiretroviral drugs on muscle fatigue, pain and weakness in HIV-1 infected individuals by disrupting sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ cycling, suggesting that these drugs may contribute to these co-morbidities through modulation of SR Ca2+ homeostasis.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Naveed Ahmad, Muhammad Masood Ahmad, Nabil K. Alruwaili, Ziyad Awadh Alrowaili, Fadhel Ahmed Alomar, Sultan Akhtar, Omar Awad Alsaidan, Nabil A. Alhakamy, Ameeduzzafar Zafar, Mohammed Elmowafy, Mohammed H. Elkomy
Summary: This study investigated the application of Arabinoxylan-gelatin blended films as wound dressings for treating chronic wound infections. The results showed that these dressings have good drug release and antibacterial properties, making them suitable for wound protection.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Faheem Hyder Pottoo, Mohammed Salahuddin, Firdos Alam Khan, Fadhel Alomar, Marwa Abdullah AL Dhamen, Abrar Fouad Alhashim, Hawra Hussain Alqattan, Mohamed S. Gomaa, Mohammad N. Alomary
Summary: The results indicate that the combination of phenytoin and thymoquinone can effectively suppress seizures, reduce inflammation, and potentially offer neuroprotection.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Prasanta K. Dash, Fadhel A. Alomar, Jesse L. Cox, JoEllyn McMillan, Bryan T. Hackfort, Edward Makarov, Brenda Morsey, Howard S. Fox, Howard E. Gendelman, Santhi Gorantla, Keshore R. Bidasee
Summary: In the setting of HIV infection, there is a causal link between the accumulation of the glycolysis byproduct methylglyoxal (MG) and heart failure (HF), with increased levels of MG potentially leading to cardiac damage and HF.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hassan A. Alsaad, Jenan Saleh Almahdi, Nourah Ali Alsalameen, Fadhel Ahmed Alomar, Md. Ashraful Islam
Summary: Self-medication is a common practice in Saudi Arabia, but public awareness about self-medication is limited. Therefore, new strategies are needed to enhance knowledge and ensure the safety of self-medication. A majority of participants expressed willingness to use a self-medication app, which would help improve self-medication practice.
SAUDI PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Nabil K. Alruwaili, Naveed Ahmad, Abdulaziz Alzarea, Fadhel A. Alomar, Ali Alquraini, Sultan Akhtar, Muhammad Syafiq Bin Shahari, Ameeduzzafar Zafar, Mohammed Elmowafy, Mohammed H. Elkomy, Anton Dolzhenko, Mohammad Saeed Iqbal
Summary: This study fabricated film dressings composed of arabinoxylan and carboxymethylcellulose for the local delivery of the antibiotic amikacin. The dressings exhibited sustained release of the drug, excellent antibacterial activity, and cytocompatibility, making them promising bioactive dressing materials for the prevention of wound infections.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fadhel A. Alomar, Marai N. Alshakhs, Salah Abohelaika, Hassan M. Almarzouk, Mohammed Almualim, Amein K. Al-Ali, Fahad Al-Muhanna, Mohammed F. Alomar, Mousa J. Alhaddad, Mohammed S. Almulaify, Faisal S. Alessa, Ahmed S. Alsalman, Ahmed Alaswad, Sean R. Bidasee, Hassan A. Alsaad, Rudaynah A. Alali, Mona H. AlSheikh, Mohammed S. Akhtar, Mohammed Al Mohaini, Abdulkhaliq J. Alsalman, Hussain Alturaifi, Keshore R. Bidasee
Summary: Biomarkers are urgently needed to identify high-risk COVID-19 ICU patients. A study found that elevated levels of plasma methylglyoxal (MG) can predict mortality in these patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Amjad Khan, Lucia Pia Bruno, Fadhel Alomar, Muhammad Umair, Anna Maria Pinto, Abid Ali Khan, Alamzeb Khan, Alessandra Fabbiani, Kristina Zguro, Simone Furini, Maria Antonietta Mencarelli, Alessandra Renieri, Sara Resciniti, Karla A. Pena-Guerra, Francisco J. Guzman-Vega, Stefan T. Arold, Francesca Ariani, Shahid Niaz Khan
Summary: Whole exome sequencing is a valuable tool for discovering novel candidate genes for intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorders. This study provides the first evidence associating SPTBN5 gene variants with neurodevelopmental phenotypes and identifies the clinical traits associated with these variants.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammad Alshabeeb, Fadhel A. Alomar, Amjad Khan
Summary: The study did not find an association between the SLCO1B1 rs4149056 (T521C) polymorphism and liver injury induced by flucloxacillin and co-amoxiclav. However, a slightly lower frequency of positive cases was noticed in the flucloxacillin cases compared to the control group.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Afzal, Nadeem Sayyed, Khalid Saad Alharbi, Sami Alzarea, Mohammed Salem Alshammari, Fadhel A. Alomar, Sattam Khulaif Alenezi, Anwarulabedin Mohsin Quazi, Abdulaziz Alzarea, Imran Kazmi
Summary: This study evaluates the anti-Huntington's effect of rosiridin against 3-NPA-induced HD-like effects in rats. Results show that rosiridin improves behavioral parameters, modulates biochemical parameters, and reduces neuroinflammation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Khalid Saad Alharbi, Muhammad Afzal, Sami I. Alzarea, Shah Alam Khan, Fadhel A. Alomar, Imran Kazmi
Summary: The study demonstrates that rosinidin possesses antioxidant, anti-amnesic, and anti-inflammatory activities, and can improve cognitive and behavioral deficits induced by streptozotocin.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2022)