Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Jiang, Sarah Krantz, Xiang Qin, Shun Li, Hirushi Gunasekara, Young-Mee Kim, Adriana Zimnicka, Misuk Bae, Ke Ma, Peter T. Toth, Ying Hu, Ayesha N. Shajahan-Haq, Hemal H. Patel, Saverio Gentile, Marcelo G. Bonini, Jalees Rehman, Yiyao Liu, Richard D. Minshall
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of Cav-1 protein in regulating mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy, highlighting its potential as a novel target for cancer therapy.
Article
Cell Biology
Jonatha Aow, Tzu-Rung Huang, Yeek Teck Goh, Alfred Xuyang Sun, Gopal Thinakaran, Edward H. Koo
Summary: In contrast to non-neuronal cell lines, inhibition of dynamin or mutation of the YENPTY motif does not block the internalization of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in primary rodent neurons. This clathrin-independent internalization pathway for somatodendritic APP occurs during basal conditions and chemical long-term-depression stimulus. Mutating the YENPTY motif does not affect APP recycling, degradation, or endolysosomal colocalization, but both dynamin inhibition and the YENPTY mutant significantly decrease secreted amyloid-beta (Ab) in neurons, suggesting that internalized APP may not be a major source of Ab. Intriguingly, somatodendritic low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) internalization also does not require its clathrin-/dynamin-mediated endocytosis motif.
Article
Microbiology
Wei-Ru Huang, Yi-Ying Wu, Tsai-Ling Liao, Brent L. Nielsen, Hung-Jen Liu
Summary: By using VOPBA and LC-MS/MS techniques, it was determined that cell-surface AnxA2 and ADGRL2 proteins modulate the entry of avian reovirus (ARV) into cells. The study showed a direct interaction between ARV and AnxA2, ADGRL2, which inhibits the relocation of Csk to the cell membrane and activates Src. This study provides important insights into the cell entry mechanism of ARV.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander von der Malsburg, Gracie M. Sapp, Kelly E. Zuccaro, Alexander von Appen, Frank R. Moss, Raghav Kalia, Jeremy A. Bennett, Luciano A. Abriata, Matteo Dal Peraro, Martin van der Laan, Adam Frost, Halil Aydin
Summary: This study reveals the molecular mechanisms of OPA1-dependent membrane remodeling and fusion, providing a structural framework for understanding how human OPA1 shapes mitochondrial morphology and showing how human disease mutations compromise OPA1 functions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Theresa Lauster, Dorothee Stoeckle, Katharina Gabor, Theresa Haller, Natalie Krieger, Pia Lotz, Ravikumar Mayakrishnan, Ellen Spaeth, Steffi Zimmermann, Pantelis Livanos, Sabine Mueller
Summary: In this study, the role of PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY GTPase ACTIVATING PROTEINS (PHGAPS) in pavement cell shape establishment was investigated. It was found that PHGAPS interacted with ROP2 and showed distinct enrichment in the indentation regions of pavement cells. This localization was established upon undulation initiation and was maintained throughout cell expansion. These findings highlight the importance of PHGAPS in the establishment of ROP activity gradients and the coordinated establishment of multipolarity in epidermal cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Katherine Labbe, Shona Mookerjee, Maxence Le Vasseur, Eddy Gibbs, Chad Lerner, Jodi Nunnari
Summary: The study reveals that MTCH2 plays a role in regulating lipid metabolism through controlling mitochondrial fusion and division, and acts as a protective factor for mitochondria under starvation conditions.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xia Li, Dongmei Liu, Eric Griffis, Peter Novick
Summary: Bidirectional vesicular traffic is linked to both exocytic and endocytic pathways. Rab GTPases, including Sec4, are involved in determining the direction of vesicular transport. This study demonstrates that the directional specificity of Rab GTPase can be redirected, and that cells have a certain tolerance towards misdirection of Rab proteins.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jun Yang, Peihao Chen, Yu Cao, Shanshan Liu, Wei Wang, Lin Li, Jiaojiao Li, Zhaodi Jiang, Yan Ma, She Chen, Sanduo Zheng, Xiangbing Qi, Hui Jiang
Summary: Mitochondrial fission is essential for maintaining mitochondrial dynamics and homeostasis. Researchers have developed a covalent compound called MIDI, which effectively inhibits mitochondrial fragmentation induced by toxins and restores mitochondrial morphology in cells with defective fusion. The mechanism of action involves blocking the recruitment of the GTPase DRP1 to mitochondria. This study establishes proof of concept for developing protein-protein interaction inhibitors targeting DRP1.
CELL CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lihua Sun, Hongjuan Ye, Hui Tian, Lirong Xu, Junjie Cai, Caixia Zhang, Rongxiang Wang, Hui Yang, Shuang Zhao, Jiaozhi Zhang, Shaorong Gao
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder among premenopausal women and is associated with numerous reproductive, endocrinal, and metabolic disorders. This study investigates the role of SYVN1 in PCOS and finds that downregulation of SYVN1 expression leads to increased apoptosis in GCs, while overexpression of SYVN1 inhibits apoptosis and mitochondrial fission. The study further demonstrates that SYVN1 promotes Drp1 degradation to exert its function.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Jin Liu, Yuqian Chen, Huan Chen, Yan Wang, Danyang Li, Qianqian Zhang, Limin Chai, Yuanjie Qiu, Jia Zhang, Nirui Shen, Qingting Wang, Jian Wang, Manxiang Li
Summary: This study found that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and GTPase dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma through mitochondrial fission. MIF activated the ERK1/2 signaling pathway to phosphorylate Drp1, which in turn activated autophagy and reduced E-cadherin expression, leading to proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells. Inhibitors of Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission or autophagy, as well as the use of MIF inhibitors, can attenuate airway remodeling.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joana aniani Sa-Pessoa, Sara Lopez-Montesino, Kornelia Przybyszewska, Isabel Rodriguez-Escudero, Helina Marshall, Adelia Ova, Gunnar N. Schroeder, Peter Barabas, Maria Molina, Tim Curtis, Victor J. Cid, Jose A. Bengoechea
Summary: The trans-kingdom antimicrobial T6SS effector VgrG4 from Klebsiella pneumoniae can manipulate eukaryotic cells by altering the mitochondrial network. VgrG4 colocalizes with the endoplasmic reticulum protein mitofusin 2. VgrG4 induces the transfer of calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum to the mitochondria, activating the regulator of mitochondrial fission, Drp1, resulting in mitochondrial network fragmentation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuriko Kakimoto-Takeda, Rieko Kojima, Hiroya Shiino, Manatsu Shinmyo, Kazuo Kurokawa, Akihiko Nakano, Toshiya Endo, Yasushi Tamura
Summary: In this study, the authors discovered that mitochondrial dynamics control the number of ERMES clusters and that ER stress causes dissociation of the ERMES clusters, leading to a delay in phospholipid transport. The impaired phospholipid transport contributes to phospholipid accumulation in the ER, expanding the ER for ER stress attenuation. These findings suggest that ERMES dissociation is an overlooked pathway of the ER stress response.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Valeria De Matteis, Loris Rizzello, Chiara Ingrosso, Rosaria Rinaldi
Summary: This study demonstrates how typical Mediterranean organic liquid waste, olive mill wastewater, can be efficiently turned into noble metal nanoparticles, while also significantly reducing its organic pollution load. The resulting nanoparticles are not only well-defined in terms of physico-chemical properties, but also safer for environmental disposal and plant irrigation. Additionally, it was found that the biological effects induced by these green metal nanoparticles are much safer compared to those synthesized through a standard chemical colloidal reduction process when tested on a healthy hepatic cell line mitochondria.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Siavash Khosravi, Johanna Frickel, Max E. Harner
Summary: Mitochondria, present in almost all eukaryotic cells, perform various essential functions beyond energy production. Communication between the mitochondria and the rest of the cell is facilitated by proteinaceous contact sites between their two membranes. By isolating contact sites from yeast mitochondria, new contact sites have been identified.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Xi Chen, Yuan-Liang Yan, Shuang-Shuang Zeng, Zhi-Cheng Gong, Zhi-Jie Xu
Summary: The study demonstrates that Cav1 is involved in the development of IR resistance in NSCLC through IRGM-regulated autophagy, and can be considered as a potential therapeutic target for improving the radiosensitivity of NSCLC.
ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Wei-Ru Huang, Jyun-Yi Li, Yi-Ying Wu, Tsai-Ling Liao, Brent L. Nielsen, Hung-Jen Liu
Summary: This study determines the essential role of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in avian reovirus (ARV) replication by chaperoning the ARV p17 protein. The Hsp90/Cdc37 chaperone complex protects p17 from degradation and enhances viral protein stability and virus production. Depletion of Hsp90 prevents viral proteins sigma A, sigma C, and p17 from colocalizing with sigma NS in viral factories.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Wei-Ru Huang, Jyun-Yi Li, Tsai-Ling Liao, Chuan-Ming Yeh, Chi-Young Wang, Hsiao-Wei Wen, Nien-Jen Hu, Yi-Ying Wu, Chao-Yu Hsu, Yu-Kang Chang, Ching-Dong Chang, Brent L. Nielsen, Hung-Jen Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the eukaryotic chaperonin T-complex protein-1 (TCP-1) ring complex (TRiC) is essential for avian reovirus (ARV) replication by stabilizing outer-capsid protein aC, inner core protein aA, and the non-structural protein aNS of ARV.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jyun-Yi Li, Wei-Ru Huang, Tsai-Ling Liao, Brent L. Nielsen, Hung-Jen Liu
Summary: This study elucidates the mechanisms by which p17-modulated inhibition of mTORC1 induces autophagy and translation shutoff, highlighting the regulation of p53/PTEN pathway, Akt/Rheb/mTORC1 pathway, and endogenous mTORC1 inhibitors on mTORC1 assembly disruption. The findings provide valuable insights into the role of p17 in triggering autophagy and translation shutoff for virus replication by modulating Akt and mTORC1 through tumor suppressors and mTORC1 inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Chao-Yu Hsu, Yun-Han Chen, Wei-Ru Huang, Jing-Wen Huang, I. -Chun Chen, Yu-Kang Chang, Chi-Young Wang, Ching-Dong Chang, Tsai-Ling Liao, Brent L. Nielsen, Hung-Jen Liu
Summary: This study investigates the effect of avian reovirus's sigma A protein on cellular fatty acid metabolism. The results show that sigma A inhibits fatty acid synthesis and enhances fatty acid oxidation through the PSMB6/Akt/SREBP1/ACC pathway, resulting in increased energy production for virus replication.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mikael Cristofer Sitinjak, Jui-Kai Chen, Meng-Yuan Lee, Hung-Jen Liu, Chi-Young Wang
Summary: This study developed a novel mini-replicon system based on BFDV for measuring viral replication efficiency. The system quantified replicative efficiency by comparing relative light units (RLU) of firefly luciferase. This system can be used to screen for anti-viral drug candidates.
Article
Virology
Mikael Cristofer Sitinjak, Jui-Kai Chen, Chi-Young Wang
Summary: Novel cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) in the capsid protein of BFDV were identified and characterized in this study. Both CPP1 and CPP2 of BFDV showed superior cell-penetrating activities compared to a typical CPP-TAT. These CPPs successfully delivered plasmids and proteins into target cells and triggered apoptosis, demonstrating their potential as delivery vehicles.
Article
Virology
Chao-Yu Hsu, Jing-Wen Huang, Wei-Ru Huang, I-Chun Chen, Ming-Shan Chen, Tsai-Ling Liao, Yu-Kang Chang, Muhammad Munir, Hung-Jen Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the ARV protein sigma A can regulate cellular metabolism and upregulate the HIF-1 alpha/myc/glut1 pathway in three cancer cell lines. The sigma A protein enhances the mRNA and protein levels of HIF-1 alpha, c-myc, and glut1. This research provides insights into how the ARV sigma A protein influences glycolysis and glutaminolysis to benefit virus replication in cancer cell lines.
Review
Immunology
Yi-Ying Wu, Te-Kai Sun, Ming-Shan Chen, Muhammad Munir, Hung-Jen Liu
Summary: Recent reports indicate the significant role of oncolytic viruses (OVs) in cancer therapy. Infection with OVs such as oncolytic vaccinia virus (OVV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), parvovirus, mammalian reovirus (MRV), human adenovirus, Newcastle disease virus (NDV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), avian reovirus (ARV), Orf virus (ORFV), inactivated Sendai virus (ISV), enterovirus, and coxsackievirus provides unique opportunities in immunotherapy through diverse and dynamic pathways. This mini-review focuses on the mechanisms of OVs-mediated virotherapy and their effects on immunogenic cell death (ICD), apoptosis, autophagy, and regulation of the immune system.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Wei-Ru Huang, Yi-Ying Wu, Tsai-Ling Liao, Brent L. Nielsen, Hung-Jen Liu
Summary: By using VOPBA and LC-MS/MS techniques, it was determined that cell-surface AnxA2 and ADGRL2 proteins modulate the entry of avian reovirus (ARV) into cells. The study showed a direct interaction between ARV and AnxA2, ADGRL2, which inhibits the relocation of Csk to the cell membrane and activates Src. This study provides important insights into the cell entry mechanism of ARV.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Tsai-Ling Liao, Hung-Jen Liu, Der-Yuan Chen, Kuo-Tung Tang, Yi-Ming Chen, Po-Yu Liu
Summary: The study revealed that EVs from COVID-19 patients induced NETs formation through endocytosis uptake. Platelet-derived EVs played a crucial role in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-triggered NETs formation, with miR-21/let-7b identified as important factors in enhancing NETs. These miRNAs could potentially serve as therapeutic targets for severe COVID-19.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chao-Yu Hsu, Che-Hsueh Yang, Min-Che Tung, Hung-Jen Liu, Yen-Chuan Ou
Summary: This study found that theranostic robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (T-RARP) can detect about 75% of prostate cancer cases and provide better functional recovery outcomes for clinically highly suspicious prostate cancer patients. However, in some cases with benign pathology, there may be complications such as urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction.
Article
Immunology
Chao-Yu Hsu, Yun Jang, Wei-Ru Huang, Chi-Young Wang, Hsiao-Wei Wen, Pei-Chien Tsai, Cheng-Yao Yang, Muhammad Munir, Hung-Jen Liu
Summary: In this study, a polycistronic baculovirus surface display system was constructed and characterized for simultaneous expression and display of multiple viral proteins of PRRSV. Immunization of pigs with the developed subunit vaccine induced high levels of specific antibodies and neutralizing antibodies. Additionally, an ELISA assay for detecting antibodies against PRRSV proteins was developed, and optimal conditions for protein expression were evaluated.