Article
Virology
Xiaohui Zhao, Huijun Yuan, Hang Yang, Yan Liu, Meng Xun, Xiaozhen Li, Tingting Fan, Bo Wu, Shangrui Guo, Hongliang Wang
Summary: EV71 is a common pathogen causing hand, foot, and mouth disease in young children, and it is associated with severe neurological complications. This study found that the ER-resident acetyltransferase NAT8 is a host factor for EV71 infection and promotes viral replication by interacting with viral proteins.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Xiangju Wu, Yue Hu, Chao Sui, Li Pan, Dongwan Yoo, Laura C. Miller, Changhee Lee, Xiaoyan Cong, Juntong Li, Yijun Du, Jing Qi
Summary: This study investigated the role of SUMOylation in FMDV infection. The findings showed that SUMOylation suppressed FMDV replication and identified four lysine residues that mediated SUMOylation of FMDV 3C protease. Moreover, SUMOylation attenuated the function of FMDV 3C through multiple mechanisms. These results describe a novel cellular regulatory event that restricts FMDV replication through SUMOylation of 3C protease.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Qi Cheng, Wenjing Huai, Xiaoyan Wu, Mingzhou Chen
Summary: The study revealed that the P protein of HPIV3 can be sumoylated, and mutation to arginine at K492 and K532 enhances viral genome activity. However, this mutation does not affect the interactions of P with N, formation of homo-tetramers, and formation of inclusion bodies. Overall, sumoylation attenuates P function and down-regulates viral replication.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaoyan Zhang, Jinfang Hao, Chenxi Sun, Jianping Du, Qian Han, Qingshan Li
Summary: Total astragalosides (ASTs) from Astragalus membranaceus have a protective effect against EV71 infection by inhibiting cell apoptosis and pyroptosis, as well as suppressing EV71 replication and release.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yao Fan, Xiang Li, Lei Zhang, Zhi Zong, Fangwei Wang, Jun Huang, Linghui Zeng, Chong Zhang, Haiyan Yan, Long Zhang, Fangfang Zhou
Summary: SUMOylation, a post-translational modification, plays a crucial role in regulating viral protein function and host antiviral immune response. The review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of SUMOylation in viral replication and infection, and discusses its potential therapeutic applications in virus-induced diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ammar M. Hassanbhai, Meng Chee Phoon, Vincent T. Chow, Bow Ho
Summary: This study investigates the interactions between enterovirus 71 (EV71) and the biofilm formed by Helicobacter pylori. The results show that the H. pylori biofilm can prolong the survival of EV71 and the quantity of biofilm formation affects the viability of the virus. This suggests that the H. pylori biofilm may serve as an additional pathway for EV71 transmission.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Chunchen Wu, Luzhi Zeng, Wenfu Yi, Yuanjiu Miao, Yihan Liu, Qiming Wang, Shi Liu, Guoping Peng, Zhenhua Zheng, Jianbo Xia
Summary: This study demonstrates that echovirus infection can induce autophagy, which promotes viral replication and VP1 expression in host cells. The mechanism involves the regulation of the mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway, providing insight into the potential role of autophagy in echovirus infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jonathan Foo, Gregory Bellot, Shazib Pervaiz, Sylvie Alonso
Summary: This article discusses the molecular mechanisms employed by viruses to interact with mitochondria and induce oxidative stress, as well as the strategies viruses use to benefit from increased ROS levels, control ROS production to maintain a favorable redox environment, and cope with ROS-mediated cell death.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Shanshan Fan, Zihang Xu, Pengfei Liu, Yali Qin, Mingzhou Chen
Summary: Several viruses inhibit the formation of RNA processing bodies, including enterovirus 71, which relies on its 2A protease to block P-body formation and promote viral replication. The interaction between DDX6 and viral RNA also facilitates viral replication.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jia-Ying Lu, Gary Brewer, Mei-Ling Li, Kai-Zhe Lin, Chien-Chih Huang, Li-Chen Yen, Jing-Yi Lin
Summary: The study investigates the formation of replication organelles by picornaviruses using enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) as a model. SCAMP3, a host protein, associates with viral 3A protein and plays a critical role in viral RNA synthesis and replication. Additionally, the interaction between 3A protein and SCAMP3 positively regulates enterovirus replication and involves the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Zhihui Ruan, Yicong Liang, Zicong Chen, Jialing Yin, Chengcheng Li, Pan Pan, Qiwei Zhang, Jianguo Wu, Zhen Luo
Summary: This study found that EV71 infection can enhance exosome biogenesis, and EV71 3A protein can promote exosome secretion. Further investigation revealed that VPS25, which is associated with EV71 infection, is located on exosomes and its expression correlates to exosome production. Knock-down of VPS25 decreases exosome biogenesis, thus attenuating viral replication. The exosome inhibitor GW4869 exhibits significant antiviral activity against EV71 replication.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Zhuoran Li, Ya'ni Wu, Hui Li, Wenqian Li, Juan Tan, Wentao Qiao
Summary: EV71 3C protein cleaves PMLIV at specific sites, reducing its antiviral function and disrupting the formation of PML-NBs, promoting virus replication.
Article
Microbiology
Jun Chen, Guanlie Li, Haiqing He, Xin Li, Wenjing Niu, Di Cao, Ao Shen
Summary: Controlled regulation of genomic DNA synthesis is vital for herpesviruses, including HCMV, and the UL44 processivity factor plays a key role in viral DNA replication. Interaction between UL44 and UBC9, a SUMO-conjugating enzyme, was confirmed, shedding light on the role of sumoylation in regulating UL44 functions and HCMV replication. Additionally, the identification of the major sumoylation site on UL44's carboxy-terminal provides new insights into how sumoylation can affect viral DNA synthesis and progeny production in HCMV-infected cells.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Rui Zhang, Jing Chen, Ruidong Zi, Lin Ji, Jingping Hu, Zhiwei Wu, Yuxuan Fu
Summary: This study finds that autophagy response contributes to the packaging of EV71 viral genome into exosomes, playing a crucial role in viral spreading. Inhibition of autophagosomes-MVBs fusion can abolish the sorting of viral RNA into exosomes.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Hui Li, Wenqian Li, Shuangling Zhang, Manman Qiu, Zhuoran Li, Yongquan Lin, Juan Tan, Wentao Qiao
Summary: This study reveals the interaction between the upregulated host protein GADD34 and EV71 and provides insights into the mechanisms by which EV71 non-structural precursor protein 3CD regulates host protein expression. GADD34 is important for EV71 replication, and its key functional domains, PEST 1, 2, and 3 regions, promote EV71 replication. Additionally, GADD34 is found to promote viral IRES independently of its eIF2α phosphatase activity.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Te-Liang Yang, Chieh-Ming Lee, Kuan-Lin Lee, Ting-Yu Yen, Chun-Yi Lu, Ping-Ing Lee, Chun-Min Chen, Li-Min Huang, Luan-Yin Chang
Summary: Clinical features of tuberculosis and BCG adverse effects in children vary, with more fever, lower lymphocyte count, and higher CRP level observed in patients with EPTB plus PTB. The median time interval from BCG vaccination to diagnosis of BCG osteomyelitis was 16.4 months, unaffected by delayed vaccination in this study.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wei-Liang Shih, Yi-Ching Tung, Luan-Yin Chang, Chi-Tai Fang, Wen-Yu Tsai
Summary: In Taiwan, the incidence of T1D increased in children aged 0-6 years but decreased in adolescents aged 13-19 years. Children aged 0-6 years with enterovirus infection had a significantly higher risk of T1D than noninfected subjects. The incidence of T1D in children aged 0-6 years was significantly correlated with the isolation rates of coxsackievirus A species.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hsiao-Chi Lin, Yun-Chung Liu, Tzu-Yun Hsing, Li-Lun Chen, Yu-Cheng Liu, Ting-Yu Yen, Chun-Yi Lu, Luan-Yin Chang, Jong-Min Chen, Ping-Ing Lee, Li-Min Huang, Fei-Pei Lai
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of childhood pneumonia. Bacterial co-infections can affect the severity of the condition, especially in young children. The study found that children with bacterial co-infection had longer hospital stays, more frequent need for intensive care unit (ICU) care, and higher levels of C-reactive protein.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tzu-Yun Hsing, Chun-Yi Lu, Luan-Yin Chang, Yun-Chung Liu, Hsiao-Chi Lin, Li-Lun Chen, Yu-Cheng Liu, Ting-Yu Yen, Jong-Min Chen, Ping-Ing Lee, Li-Min Huang, Fei-Pei Lai
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed medical records of pediatric patients hospitalized for influenza at National Taiwan University Hospital from 2007 to 2019, and found that patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae co-infection had higher morbidity and mortality compared to those with influenza alone.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wei-Liang Shih, Yi-Ching Tung, Luan-Yin Chang
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wan-Chen Chen, Pao-Yu Chen, Shun-Chen Yang, Ting-Yu Yen, Chun-Yi Lu, Jong-Min Chen, Ping-Ing Lee, Luan-Ying Chang, Yee-Chun Chen, Li-Min Huang
Summary: Pediatric invasive candidiasis is a severe infectious disease with high mortality. This study collected data from pediatric patients with candidemia at a medical center in Taiwan from 2011 to 2017. The results showed that Candida parapsilosis was the most common infecting species. Cases with Candida tropicalis had higher rates of drug resistance and disseminated candidiasis.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Medical Informatics
Yun-Chung Liu, Hao-Yuan Cheng, Tu-Hsuan Chang, Te-Wei Ho, Ting-Chi Liu, Ting-Yu Yen, Chia-Ching Chou, Luan-Yin Chang, Feipei Lai
Summary: This study developed machine learning algorithms to predict the need for ICU care in pediatric pneumonia patients within 24 hours of admission. The algorithms showed good performance and identified important clinical indices for assessing the need for intensive care in children with pneumonia.
JMIR MEDICAL INFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jo-Ching Charlotte Hsiung, Hsuan-Yin Ma, Chun-Yi Lu, Ting-Yu Yen, Hsin Chi, Yi-Jen Liau, Mei-Ju Lai, Luan-Yin Chang, Li-Min Huang
Summary: This study investigated the molecular features and clinical impacts of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in children. The results showed an increasing trend of macrolide resistance and the emergence of severe infections requiring ECMO treatment in 2019. The study highlights the importance of recognizing the clinical severity of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae infections.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
I-Fan Chang, Wei-Liang Shih, Yun-Chung Liu, Te-Wei Ho, Ting-Yu Yen, Hsiu-Hao Chang, Luan-Yin Chang, Chi-Tai Fang, Feipei Lai
Summary: Anemia is associated with poor outcomes in pediatric CAP, with iron-deficiency anemia and normocytic anemia being particularly concerning. Patients with these types of anemia should be carefully monitored and managed due to their higher disease severity risks.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yu-Cheng Liu, Chun-Yi Lu, Luan-Yin Chang, Jong -Min Chen, Ping-Ing Lee, Li -Min Huang
Summary: This study investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes of pediatric patients with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) bacteremia. It found that the mortality rate was significantly higher in pediatric patients with CRE bacteremia compared to those without CRE bacteremia.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Ting-Yu Yen, Jian-Fu Chen, Chun-Yi Lu, En-Ting Wu, Ching-Chia Wang, Frank Leigh Lu, Li-Min Huang, Luan-Yin Chang
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical application of nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and found that it could accurately diagnose the pathogens. The combination of nested multiplex PCR and standard-of-care tests could detect at least one pathogen in 98% of severe CAP cases. This study is of great importance for early diagnosis and treatment of severe CAP in pediatric patients.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Szu-Han Chen, Jhong-Lin Wu, Yun-Chung Liu, Ting-Yu Yen, Chun-Yi Lu, Luan-Yin Chang, Wang-Tso Lee, Jong-Min Chen, Ping-Ing Lee, Li -Min Huang
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant pandemic hit Taiwan in April 2022. Concerns were raised regarding self-collected samples by children's caregivers without medical personnel supervision. This study investigated household transmission, clinical characteristics, and antigen performance in a special COVID-19 family clinic in a children's hospital. It was found that children had a higher transmission rate, more fever, and the home rapid antigen test had a suboptimal negative predictive rate in children.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Chu-Fei Tsai, Yun-Chung Liu, Tu-Hsuan Chang, En-Ting Wu, Luan-Yin Chang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical predictors of severe influenza in children. It showed that an age below 2 years, comorbidities (cardiovascular, neuropsychological, and respiratory diseases), abnormal chest X-ray findings, pleural effusion, and invasive bacterial coinfection were significant predictors of severe influenza, while receiving influenza and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines reduced the risk of severe infection.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
I-Fan Chang, I-Fan Lin, Yun-Chung Liu, Chia-Ching Chou, Tu-Hsuan Chang, Ting-Yu Yen, Chun-Yi Lu, Luan-Yin Chang, Feipei Lai, Li-Min Huang
Summary: After the implementation of PCV13 vaccination, the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and case-fatality rate in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) significantly decreased in Taiwan. However, the rates of infections with other pathogens increased, which requires further surveillance for their clinical significance.
PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hsiang-Yuan Lin, Yi-Lung Chen, Pei-Hsuan Chou, Susan Shur-Fen Gau, Luan-Yin Chang
Summary: A long-term study found that youth who had previously been infected with the EV-A71 virus in the central nervous system had a higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders, as well as emotional, behavioral, and cognitive problems. They were three times more likely to be diagnosed with ADHD compared to a national cohort. Compared to a control group and youth with ADHD, those with EV-A71 CNS infection had worse symptoms of core ADHD, opposition/defiance, autistic features, and sustained attention. Early identification and intervention for these issues are recommended.
BRAIN, BEHAVIOR, & IMMUNITY - HEALTH
(2022)