Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Warren Winick-Ng, Alexander Kukalev, Izabela Harabula, Luna Zea-Redondo, Dominik Szabo, Mandy Meijer, Leonid Serebreni, Yingnan Zhang, Simona Bianco, Andrea M. Chiariello, Ibai Irastorza-Azcarate, Christoph J. Thieme, Thomas M. Sparks, Silvia Carvalho, Luca Fiorillo, Francesco Musella, Ehsan Irani, Elena Torlai Triglia, Aleksandra A. Kolodziejczyk, Andreas Abentung, Galina Apostolova, Eleanor J. Paul, Vedran Franke, Rieke Kempfer, Altuna Akalin, Sarah A. Teichmann, Georg Dechant, Mark A. Ungless, Mario Nicodemi, Lonnie Welch, Goncalo Castelo-Branco, Ana Pombo
Summary: The 3D structure of chromatin is crucial for gene regulation and cell function. A new method called immunoGAM has been developed to map 3D chromatin topology in specific brain cell types at a genome-wide scale. The results show that highly specific chromatin conformations in brain cells are closely related to gene regulation mechanisms and specialized functions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Georgios Vasilopoulos, Roman Moser, Jonas Petersen, Meriyem Aktas, Franz Narberhaus
Summary: Bacterial membranes are primarily composed of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and cardiolipin (CL). Some bacteria also produce phosphatidylcholine (PC), the hallmark of eukaryotic membranes. The biosynthesis pathways for PC and CL in bacteria have been studied, revealing enzyme activities involved in these processes.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Emma Pietsch, Abhinay Ramaprasad, Sabrina Bielfeld, Yvonne Wohlfarter, Bohumil Maco, Korbinian Niedermueller, Louisa Wilcke, Joachim Kloehn, Markus A. Keller, Dominique Soldati-Favre, Michael J. Blackman, Tim-Wolf Gilberger, Paul-Christian Burda
Summary: Malaria parasites rely on a functional electron transport chain (ETC) within their mitochondrion for proliferation, making it a target for antimalarial drugs. This study identifies a patatin-like phospholipase, PfPNPLA2, as important for parasite replication and mitochondrial function in Plasmodium falciparum. Parasites lacking PfPNPLA2 show defects in their ETC and become hypersensitive to mitochondrion-targeting drugs. Furthermore, PfPNPLA2-deficient parasites exhibit differences in the composition of their cardiolipins, a unique class of phospholipids with crucial roles in mitochondrial functions. The study also demonstrates that parasites devoid of PfPNPLA2 have a defect in gametocyte maturation, highlighting the significance of a functional ETC for parasite transmission.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jianye Xia, Benjamin J. Sanchez, Yu Chen, Kate Campbell, Sergo Kasvandik, Jens Nielsen
Summary: In this study, a multiomics analysis was conducted on yeast cells cultured under different growth rates, revealing a linear dependence of the functional proteome on the growth rate.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pavla Pruchova, Klara Gotvaldova, Katarina Smolkova, Lukas Alan, Blanka Holendova, Jan Tauber, Alexander Galkin, Petr Jezek, Martin Jaburek
Summary: This study reveals the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles of iPLA(2)gamma in the brain. It demonstrates that iPLA(2)gamma is activated by tert-butylhydroperoxide and releases free fatty acids, which leads to an increase in respiratory rate and a decrease in mitochondrial superoxide production. It also shows that iPLA(2)gamma plays a key role in the remodeling of cardiolipins in the brain.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas Hennig, Archana B. Prusty, Benedikt B. Kaufer, Adam W. Whisnant, Manivel Lodha, Antje Enders, Julius Thomas, Francesca Kasimir, Arnhild Grothey, Teresa Klein, Stefanie Herb, Christopher Juerges, Markus Sauer, Utz Fischer, Thomas Rudel, Gunter Meister, Florian Erhard, Lars Doelken, Bhupesh K. Prusty
Summary: This study reveals that human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) exploits viral microRNA (miRNA)-mediated inhibition of host miRNA processing to disrupt mitochondrial architecture, evade host defenses, and drive the switch from latent to lytic virus infection. By selectively inhibiting the processing of multiple miR-30 family members, virus-encoded miR-aU14 triggers a profound disruption of mitochondrial architecture, impairing the induction of type I interferons and enabling productive infection and virus reactivation.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kai-Li Liang, Jing-Ying Liu, Ying-Ying Bao, Zhi-Yuan Wang, Xiong-Biao Xu
Summary: Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV), a member of the Polerovirus genus, causes severe damage to sugarcane cultivation and sugar industry development. A study found that the SCYLV P0 gene induced symptoms of mosaic, leaf rolling, and hypersensitive-like response in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. It also led to an increase in H2O2 levels and PVX viral genome accumulation. The study identified potential host proteins interacting with the P0 virulence factor, providing valuable insights into the pathogenicity of SCYLV and future research on Polerovirus.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luis Alberto Luevano-Martinez, Isabella Fernanda Dantas Pinto, Marcos Yukio Yoshinaga, Sayuri Miyamoto
Summary: This study investigates the role of cardiolipin acyl chain composition in mitochondrial bioenergetics. The findings suggest that the unsaturation level of cardiolipin acyl chains is crucial for the bioenergetic efficiency and osmotic stability of mitochondria, emphasizing the importance of cardiolipin remodeling and mature cardiolipins in maintaining mitochondrial inner membrane integrity and functionality.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Yu Ayukawa, Shuta Asai, Pamela Gan, Ayako Tsushima, Yasunori Ichihashi, Arisa Shibata, Ken Komatsu, Petra M. Houterman, Martijn Rep, Ken Shirasu, Tsutomu Arie
Summary: The genome sequence of a Fusarium oxysporum isolate contains conditionally dispensable chromosomes which play a crucial role in conferring virulence on specific hosts. The study provides insight into the mechanisms underlying F. oxysporum pathogenicity, particularly in determining host specificity through effector genes on transmissible CD chromosomes.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Quinn Dickinson, Andreas Aufschnaiter, Martin Ott, Jesse G. Meyer
Summary: Motivation: Cells respond to environments by regulating gene expression to exploit resources optimally. Recent advances in technologies allow for measuring the abundances of RNA, proteins, lipids and metabolites. Multi-omics is the integration of these disparate methods and data to gain a clearer picture of the biological state. Results: Connections between molecules in different omic layers were discovered through a combination of machine learning and model interpretation. These connections can be used to predict gene functions and validate the predictions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mukesh Mahajan, Nikhil Bharambe, Yutong Shang, Bin Lu, Abhishek Mandal, Pooja Madan Mohan, Rihua Wang, Jennifer C. Boatz, Juan Manuel Martinez Galvez, Anna Shnyrova, Xin Qi, Matthias Buck, Patrick C. A. van der Wel, Rajesh Ramachandran
Summary: The study elucidated the interaction mechanism between Drp1 and mitochondrial outer membrane cardiolipin, which triggers mitochondrial hyperfragmentation under stress conditions. Mutations in the CBM weakened this interaction, impairing Drp1-dependent fission under stress and inducing the formation of donut-shaped mitochondria.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lingjiao Fan, Chengyong He, Dehang Gao, Tengfei Xu, Fei Xing, Jiaqi Yan, Binhui Zhan, Shifang Li, Hongqing Wang
Summary: This study identified two suppressors of RNA silencing, Pro2Glu and P28, encoded by the strawberry mottle virus (SMoV) RNA2 genome. These viral proteins were able to suppress local and systemic RNA silencing, and their stability and suppressive ability were influenced by specific amino acids and motifs. Additionally, Pro2Glu and P28 enhanced the accumulation of other viruses and exacerbated virus symptoms in plants.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kailash Venkatraman, Christopher T. Lee, Guadalupe C. Garcia, Arijit Mahapatra, Daniel Milshteyn, Guy Perkins, Keun-Young Kim, H. Amalia Pasolli, Sebastien Phan, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz, Mark H. Ellisman, Padmini Rangamani, Itay Budin
Summary: The architecture of the inner mitochondrial membrane is not only regulated by proteins, but also influenced by specific lipids. This study reveals the crucial role of cardiolipin in buffering the curvature loss and promoting cristae formation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yunxiao Wei, Zhili Chong, Chao Lu, Kaili Li, Chengzhen Liang, Zhigang Meng, Yuan Wang, Sandui Guo, Liangrong He, Rui Zhang
Summary: The study revealed that patatin-related phospholipase A genes in cotton are involved in the response to drought and salt tolerance. A total of 33 pPLA genes were identified and analyzed for their expression and chromosomal distribution. The findings provide insight into the role of pPLA in the response to drought and salt tolerance in cotton.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hiroki Kikuta, Takahiro Aramaki, Shingo Mabu, Rinji Akada, Hisashi Hoshida
Summary: This study identified a sequence mediating intron-mediated enhancement (IME) by analyzing CDSs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It was found that a four-nucleotide sequence (TCTT) in the promoter-proximal position of CDSs repressed gene expression in IME-sensitive CDSs, and this repression was relieved by the presence of an intron. The study also demonstrated that introns play a role in relieving gene repression caused by sequences such as TCTT.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Claire Vigor, Thomas Zuellig, Thomas O. Eichmann, Camille Oger, Bingqing Zhou, Gerald N. Rechberger, Lucas Hilsberg, Martin Troetzmueller, Roberto M. Pellegrino, Husam B. R. Alabed, Juergen Hartler, Heimo Wolinski, Jean-Marie Galano, Thierry Durand, Friedrich Spener
Summary: Styrian pumpkin seed oil, known for its nutty aroma and taste, contains less than 1% of ALA and potential oxidation products. This study found that downstream processing did not significantly alter the main fatty acid composition or triacylglycerol species in the oils. Different amounts of product phytoprostanes were produced in fresh Styrian and normal pumpkins, with specific phytofurans detected in the oil samples. Additionally, conditioned oils showed higher levels of phytoprostanes and phytofurans compared to cold-pressed native oils.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Julia Ring, Jelena Tadic, Selena Ristic, Michael Poglitsch, Martina Bergmann, Nemanja Radic, Dirk Mossmann, Yongtian Liang, Marta Maglione, Andrea Jerkovic, Roozbeh Hajiraissi, Marcel Hanke, Victoria Kuettner, Heimo Wolinski, Andreas Zimmermann, Lana Domuz Trifunovic, Leonie Mikolasch, Daiana N. Moretti, Filomena Broeskamp, Julia Westermayer, Claudia Abraham, Simon Schauer, Christopher Dammbrueck, Sebastian J. Hofer, Mahmoud Abdellatif, Guido Grundmeier, Guido Kroemer, Ralf J. Braun, Niklas Hansen, Cornelia Sommer, Mirjana Ninkovic, Sandra Seba, Patrick Rockenfeller, Friederike-Nora Voegtle, Joern Dengjel, Chris Meisinger, Adrian Keller, Stephan J. Sigrist, Tobias Eisenberg, Frank Madeo
Summary: In this study, the researchers used yeast and fruit fly models to investigate the role of HSP40 family member Ydj1 in Alzheimer's disease. They found that Ydj1 physically interacts with Abeta42, stabilizes Abeta42 oligomers, and facilitates their translocation to mitochondria, resulting in cell death and memory impairment.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benedikt Kien, Stephanie Kolleritsch, Natalia Kunowska, Christoph Heier, Gabriel Chalhoub, Anna Tilp, Heimo Wolinski, Ulrich Stelzl, Guenter Haemmerle
Summary: This study investigates the role of PLIN5 in cellular energy metabolism and finds that it preserves mitochondrial function by regulating TG hydrolysis to adjust FA supply. Additionally, it demonstrates that LDMC plays a vital role in mitochondrial respiratory capacity and metabolic flexibility.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hao Xie, Christoph Heier, Xia Meng, Latifa Bakiri, Isabella Pototschnig, Zhiyuan Tang, Silvia Schauer, Vanessa J. Baumgartner, Gernot F. Grabner, Gernot Schabbauer, Heimo Wolinski, Graham R. Robertson, Gerald Hoefler, Wenwen Zeng, Erwin F. Wagner, Martina Schweiger, Rudolf Zechner
Summary: This study shows that cachexigenic tumors activate type 2 immunity in cachectic white adipose tissue (WAT), leading to an increase in sympathetic activity and induction of WAT browning. The targeting of macrophage-sympathetic neuron cross-talk within adipose tissue could be a promising therapeutic approach for cachexia in cancer patients.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Joao P. Pombo, Stephan P. Ebenberger, Anna M. Mueller, Heimo Wolinski, Stefan Schild
Summary: Vibrio cholerae represses 192 genes during biofilm formation, which are involved in metabolism, regulation, surface association, transmembrane transport, motility, and chemotaxis. These genes are not essential for biofilm formation and their presence can interfere with the ordered development of biofilms.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paulina Piller, Heimo Wolinski, Robert A. Cordfunke, Jan Wouter Drijfhout, Sandro Keller, Karl Lohner, Nermina Malanovic
Summary: The development of antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria is crucial in the medical field. This study found that SAAP-148, an antimicrobial peptide, showed higher efficiency in killing bacteria and had stronger effects on membranes at both cellular and molecular levels compared to OP-145.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Anna Pukaluk, Heimo Wolinski, Christian Viertler, Peter Regitnig, Gerhard A. Holzapfel, Gerhard Sommer
Summary: Understanding the correlation between tissue architecture, health status, and mechanical properties is crucial for improving material models and tissue engineering. This study obtained experimentally validated structural parameters of human abdominal aortas using multi-photon microscopy and equibiaxial loading. The alterations in fiber structure were quantified, and the results provided explanations for the observed mechanical behavior. The waviness parameters of collagen and elastin fibers showed potential as indicators of tissue strength. This research addresses deficiencies in current material models and bridges multiscale mechanisms in the aortic media.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Gunter Almer, Peter Opriessnig, Heimo Wolinski, Gerhard Sommer, Clemens Diwoky, Margarete Lechleitner, Dagmar Kolb, Vladimir Bubalo, Markus S. Brunner, Andreas N. Schwarz, Gerd Leitinger, Gabriele Schoiswohl, Gunther Marsche, Tobias Niedrist, Silvia Schauer, Wolfgang Oswald, Andrea Groselj-Strele, Margret Paar, Gerhard Cvirn, Gerald Hoefler, Gerald N. Rechberger, Markus Herrmann, Sasa Frank, Gerhard A. Holzapfel, Dagmar Kratky, Harald Mangge, Gerd Hoerl, Oksana Tehlivets
Summary: Elevated plasma homocysteine is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and is strongly linked to cardiovascular mortality. This study developed an automated system for vessel wall injury, leading to more homogenous damage and more pronounced atherosclerotic plaque development. The deficiency of B vitamins can cause atherogenic transformation of the aorta even in the absence of hypercholesterolemia.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Magdalena Fernandez-Acosta, Juan Romero, Guillermo Bernabo, Giovanna M. Velazquez-Campos, Nerina Gonzalez, M. Lucia Mares, Santiago Werbajh, L. Amaranta Avendano-Vazquez, Gerald N. Rechberger, Ronald P. Kuehnlein, Cristina Marino-Buslje, Rafael Cantera, Carolina Rezaval, M. Fernanda Ceriani
Summary: The gene orsai (osi) was identified as a key player in lipid metabolism in Drosophila. Lack of osi function leads to reduced lipid reserves and energy output, affecting food-seeking behavior and larval survival. This phenotype can be rescued by modulating the expression of lipase and electron transport chain proteins.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Priya Bhutada, Sebastien Favre, Mariam Jaafar, Jutta Hafner, Laura Liesinger, Stefan Unterweger, Karin Bischof, Barbara Darnhofer, Devanarayanan Siva Sankar, Gerald Rechberger, Raghida Abou Merhi, Simon Lebaron, Ruth Birner-Gruenberger, Dieter Kressler, Anthony K. Henras, Brigitte Pertschy
Summary: Eukaryotic ribosome synthesis involves numerous assembly factors, and Rbp95 was identified as a novel assembly factor for early pre-60S particles. Rbp95 is genetically and physically linked to the Npa1 complex and ribosomal protein Rpl3. It is an RNA-binding protein with two independent RNA-interacting domains and associates with 25S rRNA and several snoRNAs. The absence of Rbp95 leads to alterations in the protein composition of early pre-60S particles and combined mutation with Npa1 complex members causes a delay in their maturation.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Miriam de J. Velasquez-Hernandez, Mercedes Linares-Moreau, Lea A. A. Brandner, Benedetta Marmiroli, Mariano Barella, Guillermo P. P. Acuna, Simone Dal Zilio, Margot F. K. Verstreken, Dmitry E. E. Kravchenko, Oliver M. M. Linder-Patton, Jack D. D. Evans, Helmar Wiltsche, Francesco Carraro, Heimo Wolinski, Rob Ameloot, Christian Doonan, Paolo Falcaro
Summary: A patternable oriented MOF film is designed by using X-ray exposure to decompose the MOF film in the irradiated areas and remain intact in the unexposed regions. This MOF patterning protocol can be used for the microfabrication of optical components for photonic devices.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Franziska Poeschl, Theresa Hoeher, Sarah Pirklbauer, Heimo Wolinski, Lisa Lienhart, Miriam Ressler, Monika Riederer
Summary: This study demonstrates the effects of DON in a gut-on-a-chip model, which incorporates the effects of intestinal flow. DON causes dysfunction of intestinal barrier, with lower concentrations inducing TEER increase and higher concentrations leading to barrier disruption and IL-8 secretion.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gabriel Chalhoub, Alina Jamnik, Laura Pajed, Stephanie Kolleritsch, Victoria Hois, Antonia Bagaric, Dominik Prem, Anna Tilp, Dagmar Kolb, Heimo Wolinski, Ulrike Taschler, Thomas Zuellig, Gerald N. Rechberger, Claudia Fuchs, Michael Trauner, Gabriele Schoiswohl, Guenter Haemmerle
Summary: The abnormal generation of lipid metabolites and signaling molecules, including DAG and lysoPC, play a critical role in the development and progression of NAFLD. Ces2a and CES2 are key players in lipid metabolism, regulating the hydrolysis of DAG and lysoPC.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Himadri B. B. Thapa, Paul Kohl, Franz G. G. Zingl, Dominik Fleischhacker, Heimo Wolinski, Thomas A. A. Kufer, Stefan Schild
Summary: The release of membrane vesicles from bacteria plays an important role in intra- and interspecies communication. Although the immunomodulatory properties of bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) have been recognized, their interactions with host cells and underlying signaling pathways are not well understood. This study provides a comparative analysis of the proinflammatory cytokine response of human intestinal epithelial cells to MVs derived from different gut bacteria. The results show that outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Gram-negative bacteria induce a stronger proinflammatory response than MVs from Gram-positive bacteria, and the immunomodulatory activities vary between different species.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)