Article
Microbiology
Bin Liu, Chengqian Qian, Pan Wu, Xiaodan Li, Yutao Liu, Huiqian Mu, Min Huang, Yang Zhang, Tianyuan Jia, Yuanyuan Wang, Lu Wang, Xiao Zhang, Di Huang, Bin Yang, Lu Feng, Lei Wang
Summary: Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli regulates its cell wall structure during infection, balancing survival in the intestinal lumen and infection of intestinal epithelial cells. The bacteria express long-chain OAg in the intestinal lumen for increased resistance to antimicrobial peptides, but reduce OAg chain length upon sensing epithelial cell attachment, leading to enhanced injection of T3SS effectors into epithelial cells for host cell infection. This regulatory mechanism may be widespread in pathogenic bacteria and closely related to bacterial pathogenesis.
Article
Microbiology
Dawei Yang, Yongwu Yang, Pengfei Qiao, Fengwei Jiang, Xinyang Zhang, Zihui Zhao, Tao Cai, Ganwu Li, Wentong Cai
Summary: This study identified a two-component signaling system in EHEC that promotes adaptability and virulence expression in response to mannose, a sugar found in the intestinal mucus.
Article
Microbiology
Hidetada Hirakawa, Kazutomo Suzue, Motoyuki Uchida, Ayako Takita, Wataru Kamitani, Haruyoshi Tomita
Summary: A study found that a macroporous magnesium oxide-carbon material can adsorb substances related to complications caused by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), reducing their levels without affecting bacterial growth. This material can also prolong the survival period of infected mice and has no impact on mammalian cells or normal intestinal bacteria. In addition, it can adsorb various antimicrobial agents. Therefore, this material may assist in chemotherapy against EHEC.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Alejandro Huerta-Saquero, Itziar Chapartegui-Gonzalez, Sarah Bowser, Nittaya Khakhum, Jacob L. Stockton, Alfredo G. Torres
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of using P22 viral-like particles as nanocontainers for delivering immunogenic proteins of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) and creating effective vaccines against EHEC infections. The EscC-P22 particles were able to induce specific antibodies in mice, enhance phagocytic activity against EHEC, and reduce bacterial adherence to epithelial cells, indicating their functionality. These findings suggest that EscC-P22-based particles could be a promising nanovaccine candidate for immunization against EHEC O157:H7 infections.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Lang Peng, Rexford Mawunyo Dumevi, Marco Chitto, Nadja Haarmann, Petya Berger, Gerald Koudelka, Herbert Schmidt, Alexander Mellmann, Ulrich Dobrindt, Michael Berger
Summary: This study proposes a new method for genetic manipulation of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) that is more efficient than traditional methods. The method increases recombineering efficiency by 3-4 times in EHEC O157:H7 EDL933 Delta stx1/2, but shows similar efficiency in Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655. Additionally, the study suggests that the inhibition of the RecFOR pathway indirectly blocks phage induction and improves recombineering efficiency.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kosuke Takada, Kotone Hama, Takaomi Sasaki, Yuichi Otsuka
Summary: The TA genetic modules play important roles in controlling bacterial events, while hokW-sokW in Sp5 phage serves as a novel function in facilitating the release of phage progeny through E. coli lysis.
Article
Microbiology
Fang Fang, Yunxin Xue, Xuefang Xu, Dingli Fang, Weijia Liu, Ying Zhong, Jinping Han, Yunhe Li, Qian Tao, Rong Lu, Cong Ma, Arvind Kumar, Dai Wang
Summary: This study reveals that L-Glutamine (Gln) can activate the type 3 secretion system (T3SS) of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) through perturbation of central metabolism, and Gln supplementation can reduce EHEC colonization in the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, Gln can attenuate bacterial infection by boosting host defense without inducing toxin production or causing gut flora impairment.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lingyan Jiang, Wen Yang, Xinlei Jiang, Ting Yao, Lu Wang, Bin Yang
Summary: EHEC O157 carries 177 unique genomic islands, termed O islands, which play a crucial role in its pathogenicity by providing virulence factors, effectors, and regulatory proteins.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sin-Tian Wang, Cheng-Ju Kuo, Chih-Wen Huang, Tzer-Min Lee, Jenn-Wei Chen, Chang-Shi Chen
Summary: OmpR is an essential regulator for EHEC infection by directly binding to ler and stx1 promoters to control the expression of T3SS and Stx1 in response to intestinal environment.
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Xiaoyan Zhao, Yeting Sun, Yue Ma, Yujia Xu, Hongyang Guan, Dan Wang
Summary: Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a major bacterial pathogen that can survive in food such as meat and vegetables. Understanding the impact of vegetable characteristics on the adhesion and proliferation processes of EHEC is important for developing control measures. This review discusses the amount, methods, and pathways of adhesion, as well as the proliferation and biofilm formation processes of EHEC during vegetable contamination. Factors such as vegetable types, cultivars, tissue characteristics, and damage levels can affect EHEC adhesion on vegetables.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Delphine Bibbal, Philippe Ruiz, Panagiotis Sapountzis, Christine Mazuy-Cruchaudet, Estelle Loukiadis, Frederic Auvray, Evelyne Forano, Hubert Brugere
Summary: This study aimed to identify farms with persistent circulation of EHEC O157:H7 in cattle. The results showed that persistent circulation may be due to the presence of a few predominant strains or repeated exposure of cattle to various strains. In addition, differences were found in the fecal microbial communities of shedders and non-shedders, with different bacterial indicators identified.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Joshua L. Cherry
Summary: Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) is a major cause of human illness, death, and economic loss. Understanding the genetic changes in EHEC and its source of contamination is crucial for effective mitigation. Through whole-genome sequencing, it was found that EHEC experienced genetic changes mainly in adhesion-related sequences, potentially leading to altered adhesive properties and increased virulence. This pattern of genetic change may help identify other bacteria threatening human health. Additionally, the presence of a mutation affecting arsenic resistance regulation suggests an arsenic-contaminated groundwater as the persistent source of contamination. This observation can aid in locating the reservoir of EHEC.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
So Young Yang, Ki Sun Yoon
Summary: Listeria monocytogenes and Entero-hemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) can survive in refrigerated yogurt. The risk of L. monocytogenes and EHEC due to yogurt consumption was estimated using predictive survival models. The results show that the foodborne illness risk from L. monocytogenes and EHEC due to yogurt consumption is very low, but controlling the initial contamination level of EHEC during yogurt manufacture should be emphasized.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew Thomas Doyle, Harris David Bernstein
Summary: The study found that the beta-barrel assembly machine (BAM) subunit BamA not only catalyzes the integration of beta-barrel proteins, but also functions as a polypeptide export channel, facilitating the traversal of virulence factor structures through its beta-barrel lumen. This discovery establishes a new function for BamA and unifies the divergent functions of BamA and other Omp85 superfamily transporters.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jun-Young Park, Cheorl-Ho Kim, Seung-Hak Cho
Summary: In this study, we developed a FimH inhibitor to prevent adhesion of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli on human intestinal epithelium during the early stage of infection. By investigating the ligand binding domain of FimH and analyzing its evolutionary characteristics, we identified a potential drug target and found that glycan-like peptides can serve as initial infection inhibitors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shao-Hung Wang, Cheng-Cheung Chen, Chih-Hua Lee, Xin-An Chen, Tein-Yao Chang, Yi-Chuan Cheng, Jenn-Jong Young, Jang-Jih Lu
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2020)
Review
Biology
Chan-Wang J. Lio, Xiaojing Yue, Isaac F. Lopez-Moyado, Mamta Tahiliani, L. Aravind, Anjana Rao
JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES
(2020)
Review
Immunology
Chan-Wang Jerry Lio, Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yen-Mu Wu, Chih-Hua Lee, Yi-Chuan Cheng, Jang-Jih Lu, Shao-Hung Wang
Summary: Candida albicans bloodstream infection is increasingly frequent and serious, making strain typing and species delineation essential for understanding phylogenetic relationships and clinical significance. Both CAI genotyping and MLST are effective methods for characterizing C. albicans, with the distribution of CAI repetition showing satisfactory phylogenetic association. Isolates with specific CAI alleles were associated with higher mortality and shorter survival days in clinical scenarios.
Article
Microbiology
Jang-Jih Lu, Hsiu-Jung Lo, Chih-Hua Lee, Mei-Jun Chen, Chih-Chao Lin, Yin-Zhi Chen, Ming-Horng Tsai, Shao-Hung Wang
Summary: This study used MALDI-TOF MS to identify yeast-like microorganisms in the oral washes of non-bedridden nursing home residents. The majority of isolates were Candida species (78.1%). MALDI-TOF MS was verified as a fast, accurate, and practical method for analyzing oral yeasts in elderly subjects.
Article
Immunology
Mariko Takahashi, Chan-Wang J. Lio, Anaamika Campeau, Martin Steger, Ferhat Ay, Matthias Mann, David J. Gonzalez, Mohit Jain, Sonia Sharma
Summary: In this study, Sharma and colleagues identified DAPK3 as a positive regulator of the STING-interferon-beta activation pathway, essential for driving tumor-intrinsic innate immunity and tumor immune surveillance. Loss of DAPK3 expression or kinase activity impaired STING activation, reduced infiltration of immune cells, and attenuated the response to cancer chemo-immunotherapy. DAPK3 coordinates post-translational modification of STING and is critical for maintaining STING activation and immune response against tumors.
Article
Immunology
Hyungseok Seo, Edahi Gonzalez-Avalos, Wade Zhang, Payal Ramchandani, Chao Yang, Chan-Wang J. Lio, Anjana Rao, Patrick G. Hogan
Summary: BATF and IRF4 cooperate to counter T cell exhaustion in mouse tumor models, promoting better tumor control by CAR T cells.
Review
Immunology
Ankita Saini, Hazem E. Ghoneim, Chan-Wang Jerry Lio, Patrick L. Collins, Eugene M. Oltz
Summary: Cell identity and function are determined by the programming of transcriptomes, which is regulated by transcription factors and enhancers. In immune cells, this regulation is especially complex and flexible, allowing for cell-specific gene expression in response to different signals.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Heng-Yi Chen, Michael Hsu, Chan-Wang Jerry Lio
Summary: Micronutrients are essential for survival and their deficiency can lead to weakened immune responses. Recent studies suggest that micronutrients may regulate adaptive immune responses by influencing epigenetic remodeling.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yen-Mu Wu, Po-Yen Huang, Yi-Chuan Cheng, Chih-Hua Lee, Meng-Chieh Hsu, Jang-Jih Lu, Shao-Hung Wang
Summary: Coinfection with Candida and Staphylococcus results in higher mortality in both patients and in vivo surrogate models. The study demonstrates that during co-biofilm formation, C. albicans and S. aureus exhibit enhanced virulence contributing to the high mortality rate observed in mixed BSIs.
Article
Immunology
Lydia N. Raines, Haoxin Zhao, Yuzhu Wang, Heng-Yi Chen, Hector Gallart-Ayala, Pei-Chun Hsueh, Wei Cao, Yeojung Koh, Ana Alamonte-Loya, Pu-Ste Liu, Julijana Ivanisevic, Chan-Wang Jerry Lio, Ping-Chih Ho, Stanley Ching-Cheng Huang
Summary: This study reveals the importance of PERK signaling and PSAT1-mediated serine metabolism in promoting the immunosuppressive function of M2 macrophages, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms of immune cell suppressive phenotype.
Article
Microbiology
Wei-Chung Lai, Hsiao-Chi Hsu, Chun-Wen Cheng, Shao-Hung Wang, Wan Chen Li, Po-Szu Hsieh, Tzu-Ling Tseng, Ting-Hui Lin, Jia-Ching Shieh
Summary: We identified the Candida albicans GPH1 gene that is associated with the Cdc4 protein, and found that it contributes to cell wall function in C. albicans.
Article
Biology
Heng-Yi Chen, Ana Almonte-Loya, Fang-Yun Lay, Michael Hsu, Eric Johnson, Edahi Gonzalez-Avalos, Jieyun Yin, Richard S. Bruno, Qin Ma, Hazem E. Ghoneim, Daniel J. Wozniak, Fiona E. Harrison, Chan-Wang Jerry Lio
Summary: Vitamin C is an essential micronutrient that enhances antibody response by promoting plasma cell differentiation through IL-21/STAT3 signaling pathway. As a cofactor for epigenetic enzymes, it facilitates DNA modification and demethylation, thereby influencing gene expression and cell fate decisions in the immune system.
Article
Microbiology
Yao-Sheng Wang, Jen-Fu Hsu, Wei-Ju Lee, Shao-Hung Wang, Shih-Ming Chu, Hsuan-Rong Huang, Peng-Hong Yang, Ren-Huei Fu, Ming-Horng Tsai
Summary: This study investigated the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of Candida parapsilosis bloodstream infections (BSIs) in pediatric patients in Taiwan. Pediatric patients with C. parapsilosis BSIs were more likely to have previous azole exposure and be on total parenteral nutrition. The duration of C. parapsilosis candidemia was longer, and patients often required a longer duration of antifungal treatment.
Article
Oncology
Brian M. Reilly, Timothy Luger, Soo Park, Chan-Wang Jerry Lio, Edahi Gonzalez-Avalos, Emily C. Wheeler, Minjung Lee, Laura Williamson, Tiffany Tanaka, Dinh Diep, Kun Zhang, Yun Huang, Anjana Rao, Rafael Bejar
Summary: Mutations in the DNA methylation regulating gene TET2 are associated with response to DNA methyltransferase inhibitors, but the exact mechanisms are still unknown. TET2 loss influences DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation patterns at erythroid gene enhancers during 5-Aza treatment, leading to downregulation of erythroid gene expression. Treatment with 5-Aza disproportionately induces expression of down-regulated genes in TET2KO cells, with dynamic 5mC changes at erythroid gene enhancers playing a key role.
MOLECULAR CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
