Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alison L. Halpern, Patrick D. Kohtz, Allana M. White, Anna K. Houk, Jacob F. Rehring, Levent Hanson, Martin D. McCarter, Molishree Joshi, Xianzhong Meng, David A. Fullerton, Michael J. Weyant
Summary: The study found that the inhibition of sPLA2 IIa can reduce the expression of EGFR and HER2 in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells, thereby decreasing cell proliferation. In a mouse model, mice treated with sPLA2 IIa inhibitor had smaller tumors compared to the control group. This suggests the potential of sPLA2 IIa inhibitors as therapeutics in the treatment of esophageal adenocarcinoma.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jed W. Smith, Raphae S. Barlas, Mamas A. Mamas, S. Matthijs Boekholdt, Ziad Mallat, Robert N. Luben, Nicholas J. Wareham, Kay-Tee Khaw, Phyo K. Myint
Summary: A nested case-control study found that sPLA2 activity, but not concentration, is associated with an increased risk of future ischaemic stroke. This finding may have implications for risk group stratification and the development of novel therapeutic agents.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrijan Ivanusec, Jernej Sribar, Adrijana Leonardi, Maja Zorovic, Marko Zivin, Igor Krizaj
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a progressive form of dementia characterized by increased expression of GIIA and dysfunction of neuronal mitochondria. This study found that rat GIIA and snake venom Atx have similar molecular effects on neuronal mitochondria, suggesting that high levels of GIIA in AD tissue may lead to its translocation into neurons and mitochondria, inhibiting respiratory chain activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ashish Jaiswal, Rakhshinda Rehman, Joytri Dutta, Sabita Singh, Archita Ray, Malathy Shridhar, Jaswant Jaisankar, Manas Bhatt, Dikshit Khandelwal, Bandya Sahoo, Arjun Ram, Ulaganathan Mabalirajan
Summary: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease with a poor prognosis. The expression profile of various secretory Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) isoforms in the lungs of healthy individuals and IPF patients was analyzed. PLA2G2A and PLA2G5 were found to be increased in the fibroblasts of IPF patients.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shan Zhang, Weikang Gong, Zhongjie Han, Yang Liu, Chunhua Li
Summary: This study investigates the shared and specific functions of the sPLA2 family members through structural and bioinformatics analyses. The study reveals that critical residues for family functions are highly conserved, while regions associated with calcium ion/membrane binding vary among members. The analysis also shows that specific residues are sensitive to external perturbations, indicating different roles in allosteric modulation, while shared residues play a key role in maintaining structural stability.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoshitaka Taketomi, Yoshimi Miki, Makoto Murakami
Summary: The sPLA(2) family is a group of enzymes with unique tissue or cellular distributions and functions that exert their effects through hydrolysis of extracellular phospholipids. Recent studies have found that sPLA(2)-IIA can act as a modulator of the gut microbiota, affecting intestinal inflammation, allergy, and cancer. These studies reveal a connection between the gut microbiota and systemic homeostasis and diseases.
Article
Cell Biology
Maria Mangini, Rosa D'Angelo, Caterina Vinciguerra, Christine Payre, Gerard Lambeau, Barbara Balestrieri, Julia F. F. Charles, Stefania Mariggio
Summary: This study investigates the role of group IIA secreted phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)-IIA) in osteoclast bone-resorption activity and syncytium formation. The results suggest that sPLA(2)-IIA is involved in the regulation of osteoclast maturation and fusion through both catalytic-dependent and independent mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ling Liang, Qiang Xie, Changqing Sun, Yuanhui Wu, Wei Zhang, Weihua Li
Summary: The study revealed a positive association between circulating sPLA2-IIA and HDL-C levels, suggesting that sPLA2-IIA may enhance cholesterol efflux through regulation of PPAR-gamma/LXR-alpha/ABCA1.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aladahalli S. Giresha, Deepadarshan Urs, Sophiya Pundalik, Rajkumar S. Meti, Siddanakoppalu N. Pramod, Ballenahalli H. Supreetha, Madhusudana Somegowda, Kattepura K. Dharmappa, Ahmed M. El-Shehawi, Sarah Albogami, Mona M. Elseehy, Abdullah Alaklabi, Hosam O. Elansary, Alanoud Omur A. Mehder, Eman A. Mahmoud
Summary: The study evaluated the antioxidant molecule sinapic acid for its ability to inhibit sPLA(2)-IIA as an anti-inflammatory agent. Sinapic acid showed strong antioxidant potency and significantly reduced sPLA(2)-IIA activity, hemolytic activity, and mouse paw edema, demonstrating its anti-inflammatory and anti-hemorrhagic effects.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Etienne Dore, Charles Joly-Beauparlant, Satoshi Morozumi, Alban Mathieu, Tania Levesque, Isabelle Allaeys, Anne-Claire Duchez, Nathalie Cloutier, Mickael Leclercq, Antoine Bodein, Christine Payre, Cyril Martin, Agnes Petit-Paitel, Michael H. Gelb, Manu Rangachari, Makoto Murakami, Laetitia Davidovic, Nicolas Flamand, Makoto Arita, Gerard Lambeau, Arnaud Droit, Eric Boilard
Summary: sPLA(2)-IIA exerts its effects on the immune system by acting on the intestinal microbiota and its lipidome. Changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota and bacterial-derived lipid mediators are potentially involved in this process.
Article
Fisheries
Wanghong Xiao, Geng Qin, Yanhong Zhang, Yali Liu, Huixian Zhang, Zelin Chen, Qiang Lin
Summary: This study reveals the important role of seahorse sPLA2-IBs in immune protection, particularly during male pregnancy.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Sofie S. Jespersen, Elisabeth S. Stovgaard, Dorte Nielsen, Troels D. Christensen, Anna S. K. Buhl, Ib J. Christensen, Eva Balslev
Summary: The study investigated the expression of sPLA2-IIa in breast cancer patients, finding a high proportion of patients with elevated levels of sPLA2-IIa expression, and similar expression levels in primary tumors and metastases. The expression of sPLA2-IIa showed no correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis in the patients.
APPLIED IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR MORPHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Melanie Dacheux, Soraya Chaouch, Alonso Joy, Amandine Labat, Christine Payre, Agnes Petit-Paitel, Franck Bihl, Isabelle Lagrange, Philippe Grellier, Lhousseine Touqui, Gerard Lambeau, Christiane Deregnaucourt
Summary: Transgenic mice overexpressing hGIIA sPLA(2) show a lower peak of parasitaemia compared to wild-type littermates, potentially by releasing toxic lipids from oxidized lipoproteins and promoting a sustained innate immune response. Infection leads to increases in leukocytes, inflammatory cells, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in TG mice, along with significantly higher levels of Th1 cytokines IFN-gamma and IL-2.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhang Shan, Gong Wei-Kang, Zhang Na, Li Chun-Hua
Summary: This study analyzed the dynamics and allosteric behavior of human sPLA2-IIA members, and explored the relationship between their shared/specific dynamics and functions. The results showed that certain regions had high mobility, which correlated with specific functions, while other residues with low sensitivity played a role in maintaining structural stability.
PROGRESS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anne Lise Ferrara, Maria Bova, Angelica Petraroli, Daniela Marasco, Christine Payre, Sara Fortuna, Francesco Palestra, Renato Ciardi, Gianni Marone, Giuseppe Spadaro, Gerard Lambeau, Stefania Loffredo
Summary: High levels of hGIIA are associated with inflammatory diseases, while C1-INH inhibits hGIIA and plays a role in immune cell function. However, hGIIA and C1-INH interact with each other and affect their respective functions.
IMMUNOLOGIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Yuan-Hsin Lo, Chi-Shan Li, Hung-Lin Chen, Cho-Ying Chiang, Chi-Chun Huang, Ting-Jui Tu, Tzu-Han Lo, David F. Choy, Joseph R. Arron, Huan-Yuan Chen, Fu-Tong Liu
Summary: The study demonstrates the upregulation of galectin-8 in psoriatic skin lesions and mouse models of psoriasis. Knocking out galectin-8 leads to reduced keratinocyte proliferation and delayed cell cycle progression. Galectin-8 interacts with alpha-tubulin to maintain centrosome integrity, facilitating keratinocyte hyperproliferation in psoriasis.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Musin Kelel, Ruey-Bing Yang, Tsen-Fang Tsai, Pi-Hui Liang, Fu-Yu Wu, Yu-Tien Huang, Ming-Fong Yang, Yu-Ping Hsiao, Li-Fang Wang, Chen-Fen Tu, Fu-Tong Liu, Yungling L. Lee
Summary: The study reveals that FUT8 remodeling of EGFR plays a critical role in the development of psoriasis phenotypes and is associated with disease severity. FUT8 gain of function promotes cell proliferation, while short hairpin FUT8 reduces proliferation and alters the cell cycle.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hung-Lin Chen, Chia-Hui Lo, Chi-Chun Huang, Meng-Ping Lu, Po-Yuan Hu, Chang-Shan Chen, Di-Yen Chueh, Peilin Chen, Teng-Nan Lin, Yuan-Hsin Lo, Yu-Ping Hsiao, Daniel K. Hsu, Fu-Tong Liu
Summary: The study found that the expression of galectin-7 is reduced in skin lesions of psoriasis patients, and IL-17A and TNF-alpha suppress galectin-7 expression in human keratinocytes. Galectin-7 attenuates the production of inflammatory mediators by keratinocytes via the microRNA-146a/ERK pathway when cells are stimulated with IL-17A. Fluvastatin was identified as an inducer of galectin-7 expression and showed potential in reducing IL-6 and IL-8 production induced by IL-17A.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tao Lei, Sandra M. Blois, Nancy Freitag, Martin Bergmann, Sudhanshu Bhushan, Eva Wahle, Annie Chi-Chun Huang, Hung-Lin Chen, Michaela F. Hartmann, Stefan A. Wudy, Fu-Tong Liu, Andreas Meinhardt, Monika Fijak
Summary: Galectin 3 plays a crucial role in testicular physiology by regulating spermatogenesis initiation and testosterone biosynthesis, which ultimately affects testicular weight and reproductive function. Through its involvement in preventing germ cell apoptosis and controlling testosterone production, Galectin 3 serves as a key factor in the development of germ cells and steroidogenesis, offering potential biomarkers for testicular function.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tzu-Han Lo, Hung-Lin Chen, Cheng- Yao, I-Chun Weng, Chi-Shan Li, Chi-Chun Huang, Nien-Jung Chen, Chun-Hung Lin, Fu-Tong Liu
Summary: The study demonstrates that galectin-3 enhances caspase-4/11 activation and oligomerization through binding with LPS, resulting in intensified pyroptosis. This finding provides potential opportunities for new therapeutic interventions in host resistance against bacterial infections.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Chih-Yen Lin, Zih-Syuan Yang, Wen-Hung Wang, Aspiro Nayim Urbina, Yu-Ting Lin, Jason C. Huang, Fu-Tong Liu, Sheng-Fan Wang
Summary: Currently, only Galectin-1, Galectin-3, and Galectin-9 have been reported to play a regulatory role in IAV infection. They inhibit IAV infection through multiple mechanisms, including blocking virus-host receptor interaction, activating inflammasome, and increasing expression of antiviral genes and cytokines.
Article
Biology
Michael Y. He, Michael M. Halford, Ruofei Liu, James P. Roy, Zoe L. Grant, Leigh Coultas, Niko Thio, Omer Gilan, Yih-Chih Chan, Mark A. Dawson, Marc G. Achen, Steven A. Stacker
Summary: Through three-dimensional CRISPR screening, functional inhibition of the BET family proteins BRD2/3/4 has been found to have mitigating effects on blood endothelial cell (EC) survival and/or proliferation under VEGFA blockade. The interaction between epigenetic regulation and anti-angiogenesis, potentially affecting chromosomal structure and activity in ECs through the CDC25B phosphatase, may be involved in EC resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Ching-Han Tsao, Wei-Chen Hsieh, Feng-Jen Lin, Ri-Yao Yang, Meng-Ting Chang, Maria Karmella Apaya, Lie -Fen Shyur, Liang-Yin Ke, Christos C. Zouboulis, Fu-Tong Liu
Summary: Sebaceous glands produce lipids that are crucial for maintaining the skin barrier. Galectin-12 protein has been found to regulate sebocyte differentiation and lipid production, playing a positive role in sebaceous lipid metabolism.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Feng-Jen Lin, Yun-Hsi Huang, Ching-Han Tsao, Wei-Chen Hsieh, Yuan-Hsin Lo, Christos C. Zouboulis, Hung-Lin Chen, Fu-Tong Liu
Summary: Sebaceous glands play a role in skin immune response and dysregulated lipid production may contribute to the progression of certain skin diseases. Galectin-12 is a factor that affects the immune response and regulates IL-4 signaling and endoplasmic reticulum stress in sebaceous glands.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Yoko K. Takada, Scott Simon, Yoshikazu Takada
Summary: Recognition of integrins by CD62P has been discovered, and the C-type lectin domain of CD62P functions as a potential integrin ligand. The binding between CD62P and soluble 133 and 131 integrins is specifically observed. Inhibitors of CD62P-PSGL-1 interaction do not affect this binding, while the disintegrin domain of ADAM-15, another integrin ligand, can suppress recognition by the lectin domain. A mutation in the predicted integrin-binding interface strongly inhibits CD62P binding to integrins, and the glycan and integrin-binding sites are distinct. The lectin domain of CD62P can also allosterically activate integrins.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Yoshikazu Takada, Masaaki Fujita, Yoko K. Takada
Summary: Integrins play a critical role in the recognition of extracellular matrix and cell-surface molecules, as well as growth factor and cytokine signaling. Several growth factors and inflammatory factors can activate integrins by binding to different sites on the integrin headpiece, participating in inflammatory signaling. Platelet integrin alpha IIb beta 3 can be activated by both inside-out signaling and inflammatory cytokines stored in platelet granules. The anti-PF4 antibody can change the function of PF4 from inhibitory to inflammatory. The lectin domain of P-selectin functions as an integrin ligand, in addition to its known role in glycan binding.
Article
Cell Biology
Yoko K. K. Takada, Michiko Shimoda, Yoshikazu Takada
Summary: CD40L is expressed in activated T cells and plays a major role in immune response. It is a therapeutic target for inflammation. High IgM syndrome type 1 (HIGM1) is a congenital defect in CD40L/CD40 signaling. CD40L binds to ffIIbfi3 integrin in a KGD-independent manner and activates ffIIbfi3 without inside-out signaling. HIGM1 mutations in CD40L suppress thrombus formation and immune responses through ffIIbfi3.
Review
Immunology
Fu-Tong Liu, Sean R. Stowell
Summary: Galectins can modulate immune cells by binding to glycosylated proteins and lipids on the cell surface, or intracellularly via carbohydrate-dependent or carbohydrate-independent interactions. This Review explores the diverse ways in which galectins affect immunity and discusses the opportunities and challenges in the field.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Ming-Hsiang Hong, I-Chun Weng, Fang-Yen Li, Wei-Han Lin, Fu-Tong Liu
Summary: Galectins are animal lectins that recognize carbohydrates and play important roles in cellular homeostasis. Recent studies have shown that galectins accumulate around damaged endocytic vesicles and control cellular responses by interacting with cellular proteins, such as autophagy. The differential regulatory effects among galectins are also highlighted in this review.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Ming-Tsai Chiang, I-Ming Chen, Fu-Fei Hsu, Yen-Hui Chen, Min-Shao Tsai, Yaw-Wen Hsu, Hsin-Bang Leu, Po-Hsun Huang, Jaw-Wen Chen, Fu-Tong Liu, Ying-Hwa Chen, Lee-Young Chau
Summary: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular degenerative disease with high mortality in elders, lacking prognostic and therapeutic targets. Gal-1, a lectin expressed in vasculature, has been identified as a key player in the progression of AAA. Experimental and clinical studies suggest that Gal-1 may serve as a potential disease biomarker and therapeutic target for AAA.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)