Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasia Ochkasova, Grigory Arbuzov, Alexey Malygin, Dmitri Graifer
Summary: Ribosomal proteins (RPs), as the constituents of the ribosome, are highly abundant in cells and play crucial roles in translation. They interact with ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) and other ligands during translation, and some of these interactions have been shown to contribute to the translation process. Furthermore, RPs have been found to have extra-ribosomal functions and can be transferred by extracellular vesicles, affecting intercellular communication and potentially cancer progression and metastasis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kino Kusama, Yuta Suzuki, Ena Kurita, Tomoyuki Kawarasaki, Keisuke Obara, Fumihiko Okumura, Takumi Kamura, Kunio Nakatsukasa
Summary: Ribosome biogenesis (Ribi) is a complex and energy-consuming process that should be repressed under nutrient-limited conditions. This study reveals that degradation of Dot6 and Tod6 proteins ensures an appropriate level of Ribi gene expression and translation activity for cell survival under nutrient-limited conditions, through the regulation of Ribi gene expression and translation activity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kazuhito Sekiguchi, Hiroaki Miyahara, Masanori Inoue, Kyoko Kiyota, Kumiko Sakai, Toshikatsu Hanada, Kenji Ihara
Summary: The study found that liver autophagy is not essential for the survival of neonatal mice under starvation conditions, as they can adapt to changes in metabolic pathways, such as the malate-aspartate shuttle, aspartate metabolism, urea cycle, and glycine and serine metabolism. This adaptation may involve a change in mitochondrial function to maintain ketone production and avoid fatal starvation.
Article
Cell Biology
Avi Kumar, Thekla Cordes, Anna E. Thalacker-Mercer, Ana M. Pajor, Anne N. Murphy, Christian M. Metallo
Summary: Citrate plays a critical role in metabolism, and deficiency of the NaCT transporter can disrupt hepatic metabolism and contribute to pediatric epilepsy. Exogenous citrate only significantly impacts intermediary metabolism under hypoxic conditions, and supplementation with citrate in the absence of glutamine can increase lipid synthesis and growth of cancer cells. Knockout of SLC13A5 compromises citrate uptake and metabolism, while supplementation can rescue cell viability under nutrient deprivation and metal toxicity.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cong-Cong Qin, Somia Yassin Hussain Abdalkarim, Ying Zhou, Hou-Yong Yu, Xia He
Summary: This study proposes a new strategy based on cellulose-inspired hydrogel as soil modulator, which can transform harsh soil into arable soil and promote seed germination and growth.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yan Sun, Jiangmei Huang, Zhiwei Wang, Ni Pan, Cuihong Wan
Summary: This study identified stress-responsive microproteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using mass spectrometry-based proteomics, revealing their involvement in stress-related processes such as cell redox reactions, protein folding and degradation. It provides valuable information for understanding the functions of these microproteins and improving the stress tolerance of S. cerevisiae.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Parasitology
Gloria Ceballos-Perez, Miriam Rico-Jimenez, Claudia Gomez-Linan, Antonio M. Estevez
Summary: The zinc finger proteins ZC3H41 and Z41AP play crucial roles in controlling the fate of ribosomal components in response to environmental cues. They interact with multiple proteins and mRNAs, and their binding to target transcripts is weakened under nutritional stress, leading to the accumulation of 5S rRNA precursors and a decrease in protein translation.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Li Bian, Fenghui Li, Qing Chang, Changlin Liu, Jie Tan, Shengnong Zhang, Xuemei Li, Meishuai Li, Yikang Sun, Rongjing Xu, Siqing Chen
Summary: This study compared the behaviors, histology, and expression of a candidate senescence-specific gene in female Octopus sinensis under normal starvation and senescence. The results showed that starvation alone could not lead to senescent symptoms in the octopus. However, senescent individuals exhibited typical behaviors and symptoms of senescence, including fasting, unhealed lesions on the skin, and weakened swimming and grasping ability. Tissue degeneration in multiple organs was also observed during senescence.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Misao Shimojo, Masashi Nakamura, Ginga Kitaura, Yuta Ihara, Shinsuke Shimizu, Koichi Hori, Masako Iwai, Hiroyuki Ohta, Kimitsune Ishizaki, Mie Shimojima
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of membrane lipid remodeling on inorganic phosphate uptake and discovered the crucial role of MpPAH in the growth of Marchantia polymorpha. The mutation of MpPAH affects plant growth by suppressing the synthesis of plastid glycolipids through the endoplasmic reticulum pathway.
Article
Plant Sciences
James Mutemachani Mapodzeke, Muhammad Faheem Adil, Shafaque Sehar, Muhammad Fazal Karim, Muhammad Abu Bakar Saddique, Younan Ouyang, Imran Haider Shamsi
Summary: This review discusses the roles of zinc in plant development and stresses, including its uptake and utilization processes. It also highlights strategies aimed at optimizing plant zinc nutrition levels.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Jurado-Flores, Cecilia Gotor, Luis C. C. Romero
Summary: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) functions as a signaling molecule in plants, bacteria, and mammals, regulating various physiological and pathological processes. This study investigated the regulation of protein persulfidation and found that the persulfidation profile of proteins in leaves changed under different growth conditions such as light regimen and carbon deprivation. Different proteins were found to be persulfidated between light and dark conditions, with pathways related to protein folding and processing being enriched in the dark and proteasome and ubiquitin-dependent processes being affected under light conditions. Carbon starvation led to a reduction in persulfidation of proteins involved in metabolic processes and sulfur assimilation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Dejan Dodig, Sofija Bozinovic, Ana Nikolic, Miroslav Zoric, Jelena Vancetovic, Dragana Ignjatovic-Micic, Nenad Delic, Kathleen Weigelt-Fischer, Thomas Altmann, Astrid Junker
Summary: The study utilized high-throughput phenotyping platforms to monitor the growth traits of maize inbred lines, finding that different genotypes exhibited varying growth phenotypes under water and nitrogen limitation. By analyzing biomass-related traits, responsive growth phenotypes to drought stress at different growth stages were identified. Additionally, the research discovered that maize inbred lines could be clustered into groups based on growth dynamics under water stress conditions.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hao Li, Yujie He, Liling Jia, Yong Liu, Dan Yang, Shuai Shao, Gang Lv, Hailiang Yang, Hailing Zheng, Xuhong Cui, Yang Zhou, Zhiqin Peng
Summary: The stable isotope technique is useful for tracing ancient textiles and investigating the effects of different cocooning conditions on isotope incorporation. Carbon isotope values in silk can vary under different cocooning conditions, and there is depletion of 13C-isotope during the cocooning process. The 13C isotope is enriched in sericin, while 15N is enriched in fibroin.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Kaichen Wang, Yuancheng Feng, Feng Xiao, Tianying Zhang, Zhiming Wang, Feng Ye, Chao Xu
Summary: In this study, micro thermocouples were used to measure the through-plane interlayer temperatures of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer cell in real-time. The heat transfer, mass transfer, and electrochemical processes inside the cell were analyzed under different operating conditions. The effect of flow rate on cell performance was investigated by comparing temperature characteristics and electrolysis performance in two heating modes, and the interlayer temperature distribution in the through-plane direction was also studied. Additionally, the dynamic response of temperature and voltage to abrupt changes in current density was explored. Water starvation experiments revealed the behaviors of temperature runaway and voltage runaway in detail. The results showed that heating the water and the cell effectively reduced internal temperature differences and maintained cell performance. Under dynamic operating conditions, temperature stabilization took longer than voltage stabilization. The occurrence of temperature runaway and voltage runaway induced by water starvation was random and unpredictable, causing irreversible damage to electrolysis performance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Tonny I. Selinga, Sipho T. Maseko, Hawwa Gabier, Mohammed S. Rafudeen, A. Muthama Muasya, Olivier Crespo, John B. O. Ogola, Alex J. Valentine, Carl-Otto Ottosen, Eva Rosenqvist, Samson B. M. Chimphango
Summary: The expression of heat shock proteins and other stress-protective proteins in cowpea genotypes under different environmental conditions were investigated in this study. The results showed that different genotypes had different responses to heat stress, with more proteins being expressed in the field. Moreover, IT-96D-610 exhibited a strong ability to respond to heat stress.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Daniel F. Rojas-Tapias, John D. Helmann
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Srinand Paruthiyil, Azul Pinochet-Barros, Xiaojuan Huang, John D. Helmann
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Hualiang Pi, Brian M. Wendel, John D. Helmann
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Azul Pinochet-Barros, John D. Helmann
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biology
Yesha Patel, Heng Zhao, John D. Heimann
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ahmed Gaballa, Tina Tianjiao Su, John D. Helmann
Summary: The bacterial cytosol is maintained in a reducing environment with the help of the thiol bacillithiol (BSH); a variety of proteins and enzymes work together to counteract protein S-bacillithiolation resulting from disulfide stress, forming a complex redox network.
Review
Microbiology
Ankita J. Sachla, John D. Helmann
Summary: Synthesis of the bacterial cell envelope relies on regulated partitioning of resources from central metabolism and key metabolic junctions for precursor allocation. Enzymes like GlmS and MurA play critical roles in directing intermediates towards peptidoglycan synthesis, while shared resources such as lipid carriers and amino acids are essential for envelope assembly. Limited resources must be shared between cellular pathways, with potential benefits from metabolite scavenging or symbiotic relationships with hosts.
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ankita J. Sachla, Yuanchan Luo, John D. Helmann
Summary: Cell physiology heavily relies on metalloenzymes, which can be disrupted by imbalances in metal ion pools. Bacillus subtilis requires manganese for growth and has mechanisms for import and efflux to maintain homeostasis. Dysfunctional cytochrome aa(3)-type quinol oxidase plays a central role in metal-induced intoxication.
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Ankita J. Sachla, Alexander J. Alfonso, John D. Helmann
Summary: This study presents a streamlined method for bacterial strain construction using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, targeting nearly 4,000 Bacillus subtilis strains with an integrated erm resistance cassette. By utilizing a single plasmid with a gRNA targeted to erm, genome editing can be directed to nonessential genes as well as sites near essential genes. This method allows for the facile transfer of mutations and genetic constructions without intermediate cloning steps, making it a rapid and versatile approach for a wide range of genome manipulations.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Brian M. Wendel, Hualiang Pi, Larissa Krueger, Christina Herzberg, Joerg Stuelke, John D. Helmann
Summary: Osmotic stress is a significant challenge for cells, and maintaining cellular osmolyte potassium (K+) and importing or synthesizing compatible solutes are important for cell survival. It is known that high salt stress leads to transient accumulation of K+ in bacteria, resulting in bacteriostasis until compatible solutes accumulate and K+ levels are restored. In this study, using Bacillus subtilis as a model, it is shown that K+ fluxes perturb Mg2+ homeostasis and that Mg2+ reimport is critical for adaptation and growth resumption. Furthermore, cyclic di-AMP is found to coordinate with Mg2+ and K+ levels, suggesting its role in the cellular response to osmotic stress.
Review
Microbiology
Caroline H. Steingard, John D. Helmann
Summary: The Fur protein is a member of the FUR superfamily that regulates metal homeostasis in bacteria in response to iron, zinc, manganese, and nickel binding. It interacts with other regulators and small molecules to integrate signals related to metal ion balance.
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jessica R. Willdigg, Yesha Patel, John D. Helmann
Summary: Understanding the coordination of cell wall and membrane synthesis is crucial for understanding bacterial growth, division, and resistance to cell envelope stresses. Balanced synthesis of the peptidoglycan cell wall and the cell membrane is critical for maintaining cell shape and pressure. In Bacillus subtilis, a loss of class A penicillin-binding proteins leads to impaired peptidoglycan synthesis, and compensatory mutations that decrease fatty acid synthesis can restore growth. Inhibiting fatty acid synthesis with cerulenin can also restore growth of the PG-limited cells and counteract the effects of beta-lactam antibiotics.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Erhard Bremer, Alexandra Calteau, Antoine Danchin, Colin Harwood, John D. Helmann, Claudine Medigue, Bernhard O. Palsson, Agnieszka Sekowska, David Vallenet, Abril Zuniga, Cristal Zuniga
Summary: The majority of genomic sequences are automatically annotated, but depend on manual annotation efforts using verified experimental data. This article summarizes the updated functional annotation of Bacillus subtilis strain 168, highlighting new metabolic insights, the role of metals in metabolism and biosynthesis, functions related to biofilm formation, features controlling cell growth, and protein agents allowing class discrimination. The updated sequence, including new genomic objects and literature review, is available at the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC: AccNum AL009126.4).
MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bixi He, Ankita J. Sachla, John D. Helmann
Summary: In this study, the authors provide evidence that TerC family proteins are involved in the metalation of enzymes during export through the general secretion pathway. They found that Bacillus subtilis strains lacking MeeF and MeeY have reduced protein export capacity and decreased levels of manganese in the secreted proteome. MeeF and MeeY co-purify with proteins of the general secretory pathway and are essential for the function of the Mn2+-dependent lipoteichoic acid synthase.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Brian M. Wendel, Hualiang Pi, Larissa Krueger, Christina Herzberg, Jorg Stuelke, John D. Helmann
Summary: Cells regulate potassium and magnesium ions concentration under high osmotic stress to maintain viability. The reimport of magnesium ions is crucial for cell growth resumption.