Article
Microbiology
Heidi A. Butz, Alexandra R. Mey, Ashley L. Ciosek, Alexander A. Crofts, Bryan W. Davies, Shelley M. Payne
Summary: CsrA is a critical posttranscriptional global regulator in Vibrio cholerae, controlling 22% of the bacterial transcriptome involving various cellular processes. Through RNA coimmunoprecipitation experiments, it was found that CsrA binds to multiple mRNAs encoding regulatory proteins, including major sigma factors. Additionally, CsrA directly binds to virulence gene transcripts, positively regulating the production of important virulence factors.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Marianne Grognot, Anisha Mittal, Mattia Mah'moud, Katja M. Taute
Summary: Cholera disease caused by Vibrio cholerae results in severe diarrhea and vomiting, with approximately 100,000 deaths per year worldwide. The bacterium's ability to swim aids in infection by potentially crossing the protective mucus barrier in the host environment. The bacterium exhibits asymmetric run-reverse-flick motility, with shorter backward runs and fluctuating swimming speeds, in all environments studied.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Martina Woelflingseder, Sarah Tutz, Vera H. Fengler, Stefan Schild, Joachim Reidl
Summary: This study investigates the regulatory interaction between RpoS and RssB and their functions under bacterial starvation conditions. Phenotypic and expression analyses reveal that RssB influences bacterial motility, growth behavior, colonization fitness, and survival. Additionally, the study finds that RssB is a substrate for proteolysis, and a mutation may affect its interaction with RpoS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Mei Zou, Kaiying Wang, Jiajun Zhao, Huifang Lu, Hui Yang, Meirong Huang, Lu Wang, Guangli Wang, Jian Huang, Xun Min
Summary: The DegS protease in bacteria activates the sigma(E) envelope stress response system, leading to the transcription of stress response genes. It is found to be involved in regulating the motility of V. cholerae. DegS regulates V. cholerae motility and chemotaxis via the cAMP-CRP-RpoS-FlhF pathway and influences the colonization of mouse intestines.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yuehua Li, Junxiang Yan, Xueqian Guo, Xiaochen Wang, Fenxia Liu, Boyang Cao
Summary: Vibrio cholerae, a highly motile bacterium, exhibits enhanced motility through the regulation of flrA and fliK expression by ArcA, with cytR playing an intermediary role in this process.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
M. Mozammel Hoque, Parisa Noorian, Gustavo Espinoza-Vergara, Srijon Adhikary, Joyce To, Scott A. Rice, Diane McDougald
Summary: The flagellar transcriptional regulator flrA plays a key role in flagellum synthesis initiation in Vibrio cholerae. This study demonstrates that the absence of flrA leads to increased growth and survival of V. cholerae in the amoeba host Acanthamoeba castellanii, and this is associated with upregulation of genes involved in iron acquisition and amino acid biosynthesis. The availability of iron is crucial for V. cholerae survival in amoeba, and the catalases KatB and KatG confer increased tolerance to oxidative stress. These findings highlight the importance of flrA in resistance to protozoan predation and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying increased survival in the environment.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claire Vit, Egill Richard, Florian Fournes, Clemence Whiteway, Xavier Eyer, Delphine Lapaillerie, Vincent Parissi, Didier Mazel, Celine Loot
Summary: In this study, it was found that cassette recruitment in the Vibrio cholerae chromosomal integron mainly occurs at the attIA site, with newly inserted cassettes being expressed and selected due to the presence of a promoter in the vicinity of this site. The RecA protein plays a critical role in this process, but the V. cholerae integron integrase is not active in other bacteria.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ming Liu, Heng Wang, Ying Liu, Miao Tian, Zhao Wang, Run-Dong Shu, Meng-Yu Zhao, Wei-Di Chen, Hao Wang, Hui Wang, Yang Fu
Summary: Vibrio cholerae uses the Type VI secretion system (T6SS) to deliver anti-prokaryotic effectors and gain advantage in bacterial competition. In this study, a phospholipase effector called Tle1(Vc) was discovered, which is secreted by T6SS in V. cholerae. Tle1(Vc) shows antibacterial activity and induces bacterial motility by increasing the expression of flagellar-related genes independently of functional T6SS and the tit-for-tat (TFT) response.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Milena Jaskolska, David W. Adams, Melanie Blokesch
Summary: Horizontal gene transfer is a key driver of bacterial evolution, facilitated by mobile genetic elements such as plasmids and bacteriophages. This study identifies two conserved plasmid defence systems in Vibrio cholerae, responsible for the ongoing cholera pandemic. These systems rapidly eliminate small plasmids and defend against bacteriophage infection. Additionally, they increase the burden of large conjugative plasmids, leading to a fitness disadvantage for plasmid-carrying cells. These findings explain the rarity of plasmids in pandemic strains and have implications for understanding antibiotic resistance plasmid dissemination and the evolution of pandemic V. cholerae.
Article
Microbiology
Mohammad Tarequl Islam, Kevin Liang, Fabini D. Orata, Monica S. Im, Munirul Alam, Christine C. Lee, Yann F. Boucher
Summary: A group of bacteria that closely resemble Vibrio cholerae were isolated by the CDC, but couldn't be classified properly using preliminary identification methods. Genetic, phylogenetic, and phenotypic analysis suggests that these isolates represent a novel species of the Vibrio genus, named Vibrio tarriae sp. nov.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Blake D. Petersen, Michael S. Liu, Ram Podicheti, Albert Ying-Po Yang, Chelsea A. Simpson, Chris Hemmerich, Douglas B. Rusch, Julia C. van Kessel
Summary: The study using Vibrio campbellii as a model organism revealed a multi-tiered regulatory hierarchy of flagellar gene regulation in this bacterium, as well as critical differences from other Vibrio species.
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kavyaa Venkat, Mona Hoyos, James R. J. Haycocks, Liam Cassidy, Beatrice Engelmann, Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk, Martin von Bergen, Andreas Tholey, David C. Grainger, Kai Papenfort
Summary: Bacterial small RNAs (sRNAs) are known to regulate gene expression by base pairing, but some sRNAs can also code for small proteins. In Vibrio cholerae, the dual-function RNA VcdRP regulates carbon metabolism and cholera toxin production through base pairing and a small protein, VcdP, which interacts with citrate synthase. The transcription of vcdRP is repressed by CRP, allowing VcdRP to synchronize central metabolism in V. cholerae using two different molecular mechanisms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoman Yang, Mingjie Qian, Ying Wang, Zixin Qin, Mei Luo, Guozhong Chen, Chunrong Yi, Yao Ma, Xiaoyun Liu, Zhi Liu
Summary: This study provides significant insights into the antibiotic resistance mechanisms of V. cholerae and other pathogens. The MarR family regulator, VnrR, responds to the FZ metabolite H2O2, facilitating the degradation and detoxification of this antibiotic in a thiol-dependent manner. These findings not only enhance our understanding of antibiotic resistance but also offer new perspectives for the control and prevention of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Heidi Pauer, Felipe Lopes Teixeira, Avery V. Robinson, Thiago E. Parente, Marilia A. F. De Melo, Leandro A. Lobo, Regina M. C. P. Domingues, Emma Allen-Vercoe, Rosana B. R. Ferreira, Luis Caetano M. Antunes
Summary: This study investigated the biological activity of small molecules produced by the human gut microbiota against the human pathogen Vibrio cholerae, and found that these molecules can inhibit the motility and mucin penetration of V. cholerae. RNA sequencing revealed that the gut metabolome has a significant impact on global gene expression in V. cholerae. This research suggests that small molecules from the gut metabolome may play a crucial role in microbe-microbe interactions in the gut environment.
Article
Microbiology
Kazuhisa Okada, Amonrattana Roobthaisong, Shigeyuki Hamada
Summary: Understanding the survival strategies of pandemic cholera pathogens in aquatic environments is important for preventing their dissemination. Long-term cultivation of Vibrio cholerae under nutrient-limited conditions causes mutations in flagella-related genes, inhibiting motility. These mutations also reduce the transition to the viable but nonculturable state of the organisms. Longer cultivation leads to further mutations in metabolism-related genes and the loss of virulence factors and large DNA regions.
Article
Microbiology
Jeffrey S. Kavanaugh, Caralyn E. Flack, Jessica Lister, Erica B. Ricker, Carolyn B. Ibberson, Christian Jenul, Derek E. Moormeier, Elizabeth A. Delmain, Kenneth W. Bayles, Alexander R. Horswill
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Heidi A. Crosby, Nitija Tiwari, Jakub M. Kwiecinski, Zhen Xu, Allison Dykstra, Christian Jenul, Ernesto J. Fuentes, Alexander R. Horswill
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aaron M. New, Ben Lehner
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simon Sieber, Christophe Daeppen, Christian Jenul, Vidya Mannancherril, Leo Eberl, Karl Gademann
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mareike Lembke, Thomas Hoefler, Ada-Natsuko Walter, Sarah Tutz, Vera Fengler, Stefan Schild, Joachim Reidl
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Derick D. Jones, Lindsay K. Caesar, Chantal V. Pelzer, William J. Crandall, Christian Jenul, Daniel A. Todd, Alexander R. Horswill, Nadja B. Cech
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nina Gubensaek, Gabriel E. Wagner, Evelyne Schrank, Fabio S. Falsone, Tamara Margot Ismael Berger, Tea Pavkov-Keller, Joachim Reidl, Klaus Zangger
Summary: This study reveals the key role of the transmembrane protein ToxR in the virulence expression system of Vibrio cholerae, and the regulatory mechanism of ToxR activity by ToxRp and ToxS.
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Franz G. Zingl, Himadri B. Thapa, Martina Scharf, Paul Kohl, Anna M. Muller, Stefan Schild
Summary: Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) play a crucial role in the delivery and protection of bioactive substances such as cholera toxin, facilitating their uptake by intestinal cells. OMVs produced by V. cholerae can carry cholera toxin to host intestinal cells via endocytosis mediated by specific outer membrane porins, and the toxin remains active in the presence of intestinal proteases due to protection by OMVs. This extended half-life of vesicle-associated cholera toxin may allow it to target distant host cells within the intestinal tract.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon Sieber, Anugraha Mathew, Christian Jenul, Tobias Kohler, Max Baer, Victor J. Carrion, Francisco M. Cazorla, Urs Stalder, Ya-Chu Hsieh, Laurent Bigler, Leo Eberl, Karl Gademann
Summary: This study identified a previously unknown signaling molecule named leudiazen, which is responsible for the production of the virulence factor mangotoxin by P. syringae pv. syringae. A strategy using potassium permanganate was developed to degrade leudiazen and attenuate the pathogenicity of the bacteria.
Review
Microbiology
Masanori Toyofuku, Stefan Schild, Maria Kaparakis-Liaskos, Leo Eberl
Summary: Extracellular vesicles are fundamental to living matter and are produced by species across all domains of life. In bacteria, membrane vesicles (MVs) can be generated from the outer membrane or through explosive cell lysis induced by genotoxic stress. Recent research has shown that similar mechanisms of vesicle formation exist in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This review discusses the different types of MV and their cargo packaging mechanisms.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Christian Jenul, Klara C. Keim, Justin N. Jens, Michael J. Zeiler, Katrin Schilcher, Michael J. Schurr, Christian Melander, Vanessa V. Phelan, Alexander R. Horswill
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are commonly isolated bacteria in polymicrobial infections. Mass spectrometry guided interaction studies reveal that Staphylococcus aureus has a mechanism to inactivate pyochelin, reducing its fitness in competition with P. aeruginosa. This mechanism involves the methyltransferase Spm, which methylates pyochelin and decreases its siderophore activity and reactive oxygen species production in S. aureus.
Article
Microbiology
Himadri B. B. Thapa, Paul Kohl, Franz G. G. Zingl, Dominik Fleischhacker, Heimo Wolinski, Thomas A. A. Kufer, Stefan Schild
Summary: The release of membrane vesicles from bacteria plays an important role in intra- and interspecies communication. Although the immunomodulatory properties of bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) have been recognized, their interactions with host cells and underlying signaling pathways are not well understood. This study provides a comparative analysis of the proinflammatory cytokine response of human intestinal epithelial cells to MVs derived from different gut bacteria. The results show that outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Gram-negative bacteria induce a stronger proinflammatory response than MVs from Gram-positive bacteria, and the immunomodulatory activities vary between different species.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Himadri B. B. Thapa, Stephan P. P. Ebenberger, Stefan Schild
Summary: Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) are nanosized lipid particles secreted by lysis or blebbing mechanisms from Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. They can promote antimicrobial resistance but also provide versatile opportunities for therapeutic exploitation.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fatih Cakar, Franz G. Zingl, Stefan Schild
Article
Microbiology
Christian Jenul, Alexander R. Horswill
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2019)