Article
Energy & Fuels
Hong-Quan Do, Alessandro Faccinetto, Luc-Sy Tran, Pascale Desgroux, Laurent Gasnot, Abderrahman El Bakali, Xavier Mercier
Summary: This study reports new experimental data on the impact of H-2 on slightly sooting methane flames. It shows that the introduction of H-2 strongly influences the formation of aromatic species and soot, as well as the nucleation and growth processes of the soot particles. The study also presents a novel analytical methodology for determining the volume fraction and size density function of soot particles.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jyoti Prakash, Pandugula Thirmaleshwar Rao, Rohan Rohilla, Divya Nechiyil, Manmeet Kaur, Kailasa S. Ganapathi, Anil Krishna Debnath, Amit Kaushal, Jitendra Bahadur, Kinshuk Dasgupta
Summary: In order to provide early warning against gas leakage accidents, a thin paper-like carbon nanotube (CNT) aerogel gas sensor was fabricated. The sensor showed excellent sensitivity for toxic gases like NO2 and methanol in the concentration range of 1-100 ppm, with a remarkable limit of detection of 90 ppb. Even after bending and crumpling, the sensor consistently responded to toxic gases. Through annealing at different temperatures, the sensing characteristics of the CNT aerogel film can be switched due to the change in the semiconductor nature of the film.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nikolay P. Sudakov, Igor V. Klimenkov, Yekaterina D. Bedoshvili, Kirill Yu Arsent'ev, Alexander G. Gorshkov, Oksana N. Izosimova, Vera M. Yakhnenko, Alexandr B. Kupchinskii, Sergei I. Didorenko, Yelena V. Likhoshway
Summary: The study on the short-term impact of furnace soot on gill cells of Baikal Sculpin revealed that soot induces degenerative changes in the gill structure, increases mucus production, affects mitochondrial activity, and increases reactive oxygen species production. This indicates stress on respiratory and osmotic regulation systems in fish, highlighting the potential risks of soot on aquatic ecosystems.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhikun Cao, Han Wu, Zheng Chen, Peng Xiao, Zhen Hu, Xiangrong Li
Summary: This study analyzed the interaction of different components in diesel surrogate fuel on the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) using a 0-dimensional simulation. It found that the coupling effect of multiple components significantly reduced soot generation at low temperatures and decreased the production of pyrene. This competition and consumption between low temperature reaction products and core radicals of soot generation are crucial in reducing soot accumulation.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhan Gao, Fei Ren, Xiaogang Cheng, Luoxi Wang, Lei Zhu, Zhen Huang
Summary: This study investigates the influence of 1-methylnaphthalene (1-MN) on the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and soot in flames. Experimental and modeling studies were conducted using methane/air diffusion flames doped with 1-MN/n-dodecane mixtures. The results show that the addition of 1-MN significantly promotes soot formation processes and has a strong linear relationship with the sooting tendency. A novel indicator, yield aromatic index (YAI), is proposed to quantify the formation tendency of specific aromatic products in flames. Chemical kinetic analysis reveals that A2R5 is a key species contributing to soot formation. The findings provide useful information for the development of soot nucleation mechanisms and the control of soot formation processes.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alexander N. Morozov, Alexander M. Mebel, Michael Frenklach
Summary: This study investigated the nonequilibrium precursor mediated kinetics of reactions of gaseous molecules at high temperatures. The theoretical analysis focused on the dimerization of midsize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), which is a crucial step in the formation of carbonaceous particles in terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments. The study revealed the formation mechanism of the nonequilibrium precursor state and its impact on chemical dimerization. This research provides important theoretical insights into solving the puzzle of carbon-particle inception and understanding gas-phase chemical reactions involving large molecules.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Li Zhou, Fashe Li, Huicong Zhang, Yaozong Duan, Hua Wang
Summary: The study finds that the phosphorus content in biodiesel has a significant influence on the formation and oxidation characteristics of soot particles. A higher content of phospholipid leads to an increase in the number and activation energy of soot particles, while decreasing their strength and oxidative reactivity.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hanfeng Jin, Lili Ye, Jiuzhong Yang, Yu Jiang, Long Zhao, Aamir Farooq
Summary: A novel hydrogen-abstraction phenylacetylene-addition (HAPaA) mechanism has been discovered, which operates efficiently at both low and high temperatures, leading to the formation, expansion, and nucleation of peri-condensed aromatic hydrocarbons (PCAHs) that are otherwise difficult to synthesize via traditional pathways.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhan Gao, Xiaogang Cheng, Fei Ren, Luoxi Wang, Lei Zhu, Zhen Huang
Summary: This study compares the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and soot from different C10 naphthenic ring-containing species in flames. The experimental results show that the order of soot volume fractions and tendencies for these species is tetralin > decalin > n-butylcyclohexane. Chemical kinetic simulations reveal the different decomposition pathways of decalin and tetralin, providing valuable insights into the formation mechanisms of PAHs and soot from these fuels.
Article
Thermodynamics
Kevin Gleason, Francesco Carbone, Andrew J. Sumner, Brian D. Drollette, Desiree L. Plata, Alessandro Gomez
Summary: This study introduces a novel technique for quantitatively measuring gases and particles in flame environments and reveals the molecular growth process in soot formation. The findings suggest that only one and two-ring aromatic compounds can contribute to soot nucleation.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Gizem Goker, Sezer Kiralan, Aziz Tekin, Ferruh Erdogdu
Summary: The study found that the formation of PAHs in olive pomace during drying is influenced by temperature and time, with the total PAH formation rate increasing with temperature. The activation energy and frequency factor values also increase as temperature rises.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qingzhao Chu, Baolu Shi, Hongyu Wang, Dongping Chen, Lijuan Liao
Summary: The study investigated hydrogen abstraction and addition reactions on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon monomers and quasi-surface models using the quasi-classical trajectory method. Results showed that the PAH size has a minor impact on hydrogen abstraction rates, but a clear size dependence on hydrogen addition rates. The preferred reaction pathway shifts from hydrogen abstraction to hydrogen addition reactions with increasing temperature.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wenchao Wang, Huicong Zhang, Hua Wang, Fashe Li
Summary: This study evaluates the effect of oxygenated biomass fuels (biodiesel and ethanol) on PAHs and soot particles during diesel combustion. It is found that both biodiesel and ethanol reduce the concentration of PAHs by inhibiting their production and promoting their oxidation. Ethanol has a stronger inhibitory effect on pyrene. Blending oxygenated biomass fuels increases the oxidation activity of soot particles, leading to a reduction in the amount of soot generated by diesel combustion.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Michael Frenklach, Alexander M. Mebel
Summary: This study investigates the formation mechanism of a molecular structure called E-bridge in the formation of soot particles during combustion and pyrolysis of hydrocarbons. The study finds that acetylene can react with the fused five-membered ring part of the E-bridge to form a seven-membered ring, and this reaction occurs frequently. However, the reaction frequency is limited by the migration and splitting of the fused five-membered ring. The study also shows that the migration of the seven-membered ring is rapid but short-lived.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Changchun Huang, Lize Meng, Yao He, Nana Shang, Heyu Yu, Tao Huang, A-xing Zhu, Hao Yang, Kan Zhao, Ling Yao
Summary: Black carbon (BC) with high aromaticity and stability is recognized as a substantial fraction of the carbon pool in soil and sediment. In a eutrophic urban lake like Taihu Lake, BC, mainly composed of char and soot, is influenced by terrestrial inputs and fossil fuel consumption. The distribution and composition of BC and its sources, including PAHs, are key factors influencing the carbon pool in lake water.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)