Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Daniel R. Chavas, Daniel T. Dawson
Summary: The work developed a theoretical model for steady thermodynamic and kinematic profiles in severe convective storm environments, utilizing a two-layer static energy framework. The model allows for independent variation of the boundary layer and free troposphere and was demonstrated through numerical simulations and case studies. The model's potential utility and flexibility were highlighted, providing a novel framework for understanding severe convective storms and their dependence on vertical structure within the climate system.
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
E. M. Dougherty, A. F. Prein, E. D. Gutmann, A. J. Newman
Summary: This study analyzes a range in future MCS rainfall and structural changes by identifying eight flood-producing MCS cases and running ensembles of high-resolution simulations. The results show that future area-average rainfall increases by 98% on average, with a range of 89%-111% among ensemble members. The structural changes mainly include an increase in the number of deep convective cores and the area of wide convective cores.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
E. M. Dougherty, A. F. Prein, E. D. Gutmann, A. J. Newman
Summary: This study identifies different archetypes of flood-producing MCS cases and analyzes the range in future MCS rainfall and structural changes through high-resolution simulations. The results show that future rainfall will increase on average by 98%, with a maximum increase of 31%. The number and size of different components of MCSs contribute differently to the future rainfall changes, with back-building MCSs showing the largest increases.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Eigo Tochimoto, Hiroshi Niino
Summary: The environmental characteristics and formation process of a tornado spawned by a quasi-linear convective system (QLCS) over Kanto Plain, Japan, were examined using observations, a reanalysis dataset, and a high-resolution numerical simulation. The study found that the formation of the tornado was associated with a low-level jet, pressure gradient, and rear inflow jet in the QLCS environment. Additionally, crosswise vorticity in the forward inflow region of the QLCS played a significant role in the formation of the tornado.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Geoffrey R. Marion, Robert J. Trapp
Summary: This study uses idealized simulations to show that there is a strong correlation between QLCS updraft width and tornado intensity, while the tilt and depth of the updraft have little influence on tornado strength. Compared to isolated supercell updrafts, QLCS updrafts are less persistent.
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tanel Voormansik, Tuule Muursepp, Piia Post
Summary: Utilizing data from the C-band weather radar in central Estonia, the ECMWF ERA5 reanalysis, and NORDLIS lightning location system, this study investigates the climatology of convective storms over nine summer periods. Severe convective storm areas were identified based on a reflectivity threshold and convective available potential energy (CAPE) values, showing a correlation with lightning data and prevailing airflow directions. The probability of severe convective storms and thunderstorms during the summer period in the study area was found to be 45% and 54% respectively.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Amanda M. Murphy, Cameron R. Homeyer, Kiley Q. Allen
Summary: Many studies have focused on identifying severe weather potential through radar observations and severe reports, but these studies tend to be limited in scale. The GridRad-Severe dataset introduces a large database that includes over 100 severe weather days per year and more than 1.3 million objectively tracked storms. This dataset allows for the evaluation of storm characteristics and severe weather production, as well as the application of different classification techniques.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Giovanni Biagioli, Adrian Mark Tompkins
Summary: While many organization indices have been derived to measure the level of deep convective aggregation, they have drawbacks such as being biased towards certain spatial scales or being very sensitive to calculation algorithms. The new metric, Lorg, offers an absolute measurement that distinguishes regular, random, and clustered cloud scenes, and is linearly sensitive to spatial scales in most applications. This metric provides a useful supplement to existing indices for understanding convective organization across spatial scales.
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Peter G. G. Hill, Thorwald H. M. Stein, Carlo Cafaro
Summary: East Africa is highly susceptible to severe weather events, resulting in numerous deaths each year. Accurate forecasts of convective events in this region are urgently needed. Through a six-year study, this research aims to enhance understanding of convective events in East Africa and their impact on surface precipitation. By tracking convective systems and analyzing their life cycles and associated precipitation, it is found that most heavy precipitation events are caused by convective systems, while light rainfall events are not. The study also links the Madden-Julian oscillation to rainfall amount due to convective systems.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Neerja Sharma, Atul Kumar Varma, Guosheng Liu
Summary: This study examined the characteristics of globally distributed titled deep convective clouds under different environmental conditions, finding that DCCs developed under strong EVWS are more likely to produce intense rainfall and grow deeper into the atmosphere.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tiangang Yuan, Jianping Huang, Jiahui Cao, Guolong Zhang, Xiaojun Ma
Summary: The study demonstrated that dust aerosol can act as ice nuclei in deep convective clouds, enhancing deep convection and causing heavy rainfall. This provides observational evidence for the aerosol-cloud-precipitation interaction.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
George P. Pacey, David M. Schultz, Luis Garcia-Carreras
Summary: The study found that the frequency of severe convective windstorms in Europe is increasing each year, with Poland being the most frequently reported region. Severe convective windstorms are most common in summer, and convective organizational modes can be classified into two types of environments: low-shear-high-CAPE and high-shear-low-CAPE.
WEATHER AND FORECASTING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Michael Dixon, Ulrike Romatschke
Summary: The ECCO algorithm identifies convective and stratiform types of radar echo using reflectivity texture, and provides both quantitative and qualitative classifications. It can subclassify echo types and is adaptable to different radar grid characteristics and climatic regions.
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Andrew R. Wade, Matthew D. Parker
Summary: This study examines the behavior of supercells in low-CAPE environments, showing that in these conditions, the main updrafts do not reach the theoretical equilibrium level, and vertical velocities are driven by dynamic accelerations associated with low-level mesocyclones and vortices. Low-CAPE tornado-like vortex parcels sometimes stop ascending, leading to shallower vortices.
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yanlei Feng, Robinson I. I. Negron-Juarez, John C. H. Chiang, Jeffrey Q. Q. Chambers
Summary: This study examines 38 cases of windthrows in the Amazonia and investigates the relationship between windthrows and the characteristics of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) that caused them, including storm passing time, cloud top temperature, and maximum precipitation. The results show that windthrows mostly occur in August and September. The size of windthrows is positively correlated with the storm passing time. MCSs with colder cloud top temperatures (with a mean of 206K) result in larger windthrows, while those with warmer cloud tops (with a mean above 230K) result in relatively smaller windthrows, except in the western Amazonia. There is no significant relationship between maximum precipitation intensity and the area of windthrows.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Howard B. Bluestein, Kyle J. Thiem, Jeffrey C. Snyder, Jana B. Houser
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2018)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zachary B. Wienhoff, Howard B. Bluestein, Louis J. Wicker, Jeffrey C. Snyder, Alan Shapiro, Corey K. Potvin, Jana B. Houser, Dylan W. Reif
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2018)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Howard B. Bluestein, Kyle J. Thiem, Jeffrey C. Snyder, Jana B. Houser
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2019)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jiaxi Hu, Daniel Rosenfeld, Alexander Ryzhkov, Dusan Zrnic, Earle Williams, Pengfei Zhang, Jeffrey C. Snyder, Renyi Zhang, Richard Weitz
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2019)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jacob Shpund, Alexander Khain, Barry Lynn, Jiwen Fan, Bin Han, Alexander Ryzhkov, Jeffrey Snyder, Jimy Dudhia, Dave Gill
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2019)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Alexander Ryzhkov, Jeffrey Snyder, Jacob T. Carlin, Alexander Khain, Mark Pinsky
Review
Engineering, Civil
Ryan Honerkamp, Guirong Yan, Jeffrey C. Snyder
JOURNAL OF WIND ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL AERODYNAMICS
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jeffrey C. Snyder, Howard B. Bluestein, Zachary B. Wienhoff, Charles M. Kuster, Dylan W. Reif
WEATHER AND FORECASTING
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jana B. Houser, Nathaniel McGinnis, Kelly M. Butler, Howard B. Bluestein, Jeffrey C. Snyder, Michael M. French
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kristofer S. Tuftedal, Michael M. French, Darrel M. Kingfield, Jeffrey C. Snyder
Summary: Studies have shown that the thermodynamic characteristics of air differ before the formation of supercell tornadoes, with microphysical processes likely impacting the resulting thermodynamics. By using polarimetric radar data, differences in drop size distributions (DSDs) between tornadic and nontornadic supercells can be observed. Additionally, radar reflectivity factor and total number concentration change leading up to tornadogenesis and tornadogenesis failure.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jana Lesak Houser, Howard B. Bluestein, Kyle Thiem, Jeffrey Snyder, Dylan Reif, Zachary Wienhoff
Summary: This study investigates the formation process of seven tornadoes using high spatiotemporal resolution radar data, with most of the samples taken at heights above 100 meters. The study finds that the vertical evolution of a tornado is sensitive to the criteria used to define a tornadic vortex signature.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Pavlos Kollias, Robert Palmer, David Bodine, Toru Adachi, Howie Bluestein, John Y. N. Cho, Casey Griffin, Jana Houser, Pierre E. Kirstetter, Matthew R. Kumjian, James M. Kurdzo, Wen Chau Lee, Edward P. Luke, Steve Nesbitt, Mariko Oue, Alan Shapiro, Angela Rowe, Jorge Salazar, Robin Tanamachi, Kristofer S. Tuftedal, Xuguang Wang, Dusan Zrnic, Bernat Puigdomenech Treserras
Summary: Phased array radars (PARs) are a promising observing technology that offers near-instantaneous sampling of the atmosphere with flexible beam forming, multifunctionality, and low costs. Integrating PARs into meteorological research has the potential to revolutionize atmospheric observations, but its rate of adoption depends on educating and communicating with the scientific community.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)