Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrea Spolaor, Francois Burgay, Rafael P. Fernandez, Clara Turetta, Carlos A. Cuevas, Kitae Kim, Douglas E. Kinnison, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Fabrizio de Blasi, Elena Barbaro, Juan Pablo Corella, Paul Vallelonga, Massimo Frezzotti, Carlo Barbante, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez
Summary: The study presents the first iodine record from the interior of Antarctica, indicating a twofold decrease in iodine concentration in ice since the onset of the ozone hole era, suggesting that the decrease is caused by enhanced iodine re-emission from snowpack due to increased UV radiation reaching the Antarctic Plateau. This highlights the potential for ice core iodine records from the inner Antarctic Plateau to serve as an archive for past stratospheric ozone trends.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Christophe Genthon, Dana Veron, Etienne Vignon, Delphine Six, Jean-Louis Dufresne, Jean-Baptiste Madeleine, Emmanuelle Sultan, Francois Forget
Summary: In this study, 10 years of data from a 42m tower with six levels of meteorological instrumentation near Dome C, East Antarctica, were analyzed to create a unique climatology of the near-surface atmospheric environment. The research found that seasonal differences in the near-surface boundary layer dynamics, depending on the presence or absence of solar surface forcing, play a crucial role in temperature and wind variations at the location. Additionally, observational uncertainty and comparison to ECMWF's latest reanalysis data (ERA5) highlighted the challenges in measuring wind speed accurately in remote and extreme environments such as Dome C.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Marco Brogioni, Marion Leduc-Leballeur, Mark J. Andrews, Giovanni Macelloni, Joel T. Johnson, Kenneth C. Jezek, Caglar Yardim
Summary: Measurements of the 500-2000-MHz brightness temperature spectra of Antarctica acquired under ISSIUMAX support the remote sensing of ice sheet properties, particularly information on the temperature profile within the ice sheet. The UWBRAD installed on a Twin Otter aircraft collected data on coastal areas and the interior of East Antarctica in November and December 2018, comparing brightness temperature measurements with forward model simulations to confirm expected sensitivities to ice sheet parameters.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
William Cossich, Tiziano Maestri, Davide Magurno, Michele Martinazzo, Gianluca Di Natale, Luca Palchetti, Giovanni Bianchini, Massimo Del Guasta
Summary: This study provides statistics and analysis on the occurrence of clear skies, ice clouds, and mixed-phase clouds over Concordia Station in the Antarctic Plateau by applying a machine learning cloud identification and classification code to high-spectral-resolution radiances measured by the REFIR-PAD spectroradiometer. The research highlights the importance of far-infrared spectral measurements for cloud discrimination and phase classification, showing different cloud occurrences and their relationships with surface meteorological parameters at various timescales and seasons.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qiaomin Pei, Eri Saikawa, Susan Kaspari, David Widory, Chuanfeng Zhao, Guangming Wu, Mark Loewen, Xin Wan, Shichang Kang, Xiaoping Wang, Yan-Lin Zhang, Zhiyuan Cong
Summary: This review examines the impact of sulfur aerosols in polar regions and their relationship with human activities and climate change. It summarizes the spatio-temporal variability, isotope composition, and reconstruction methods of sulfur aerosols, and identifies future research needs in this area.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Warren R. L. Cairns, Clara Turetta, Niccolo Maffezzoli, Olivier Magand, Beatriz Ferreira Araujo, Helene Angot, Delia Segato, Paolo Cristofanelli, Francesca Sprovieri, Claudio Scarchilli, Paolo Grigioni, Virginia Ciardini, Carlo Barbante, Aurelien Dommergue, Andrea Spolaor
Summary: The study on the impact of deposition fluxes on the mercury cycle at Concordia station in high Antarctica revealed that wet and frozen deposition are the primary sources of Hg deposition fluxes, with an efficient snow scavenging factor.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peijun Shi, Yanqiang Chen, Gangfeng Zhang, Haiping Tang, Zhi Chen, Deyong Yu, Jing Yang, Tao Ye, Jing'ai Wang, Shunlin Liang, Yonggui Ma, Jidong Wu, Peng Gong
Summary: Oxygen concentration varies significantly on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, showing strong spatial and seasonal differences compared to earlier studies. Summer oxygen levels are slightly higher than winter levels. Altitude, air temperature, and vegetation index have different relative contributions to oxygen concentration.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiangwen Gong, Xuyang Wang, Yuqiang Li, Lei Ma, Manyi Li, Hongtao Si
Summary: The study shows that on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China, warm temperature indices have significantly increased while cold temperature indices have decreased. The warming trend is stronger at higher latitudes, and occurrences of extreme temperature events during the day increase with increasing longitude. Cold temperature events increase in frequency and intensity at high elevations, while warm temperature events decrease. Extreme precipitation events are more common in areas with low latitudes and high longitudes.
FRONTIERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
A. Barbero, J. Savarino, R. Grilli, C. Blouzon, G. Picard, M. M. Frey, Y. Huang, N. Caillon
Summary: This study introduces a method for measuring NOx flux produced from nitrate photolysis in Antarctica, using dynamic flux chamber measurements. Contrary to expectations, the photolysis rate of nitrate in snow samples of different ages showed no significant variation, suggesting a common photochemical behavior. The results provide insight for improving future atmospheric chemistry models with a new parameterization of nitrate photolysis.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kexin Zhang, Jiajia Luo, Jiaoting Peng, Hongchang Zhang, Yan Ji, Hong Wang
Summary: This study analyzed the temperature variations in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau in southwestern China from 1960 to 2019. The results showed significant changes in all temperature indices, including increasing trends in the hottest days and coldest nights, as well as the frequencies of warm days and nights. The study also found complex correlations between temperature indices and geographical factors, as well as differences in the correlations with various climate indices.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dong Pan, Zhaohui Jiang, Xavier Maldague, Weihua Gui
Summary: This study investigates the influence of multiple interference factors on infrared temperature measurement by conducting experiments with dust and measuring distance as examples, and proposes a compensation method to reduce measurement errors caused by various interferences.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiangde Xu, Yi Tang, Yinjun Wang, Hongshen Zhang, Ruixia Liu, Mingyu Zhou
Summary: In this study, the diurnal variations and formation mechanisms of low clouds at different elevations are analyzed. The existence of a triggering mechanism for convection over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and the association among low air density, strong turbulence, and ubiquitous popcorn-like cumulus clouds are further discussed. The findings suggest that the buoyancy term (BT) and shear term (ST) over the TP play a significant role in the convective activities in the lower troposphere and contribute to the formation of an increasing planetary boundary layer height (PBLH).
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geography
Fernando Luis Hillebrand, Ulisses Franz Bremer, Jorge Arigony-Neto, Cristiano Niederauer da Rosa, Claudio Wilson Mendes, Juliana Costi, Marcos Wellausen Dias de Freitas, Frederico Schardong
Summary: This study evaluated the quality of meteorological data in the northern region of the Antarctic Peninsula, finding that ERA5 performed better in temperature while ERA-i showed better results in mean sea level pressure. Local meteorological observations indicated an increase in temperature and a decrease in mean sea level pressure.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF GEOGRAPHERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yuting Qi, Lei Zhong, Yaoming Ma, Yunfei Fu, Xian Wang, Peizhen Li
Summary: Land surface temperature (LST) is crucial in the Earth's climate system, and its retrieval from satellites is challenging, especially in plateau areas. This study used various methods, including the single channel (SC) algorithm, the split-window (SW) algorithm, and machine learning (ML) models, to improve LST retrieval accuracy over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). The SW algorithm showed better performance, with a lower root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 2.64 K, compared to the official SLSTR LST products (5.23 K), and the random forest model had the highest accuracy with an RMSE of 3.26 K.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiangyu Guo, Yunqiang Wang, Lei Wang, Hui Sun, Haibo Du, Zhengfang Wu, Hongshi He, Weijian Zhou
Summary: Interday temperature fluctuations have significant impacts on human productivity, daily life, and processes in critical zones. A study on the Loess Plateau of China found that the southern region experienced warming trends in ITFD, while the northern region showed cooling trends in ITFL. The spatial distribution of ITFD and ITFL was related to latitude and longitude, with positive trends in the southwestern region and negative trends in the northwestern region.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Marto Rocha Francelino, Carlos Schaefer, Aria de Los Milagros Skansi, Steve Colwell, David H. Bromwich, Phil Jones, John C. King, Matthew A. Lazzara, James Renwick, Susan Solomon, Manola Brunet, Randall S. Cerveny
Summary: WMO evaluated potential new record high temperature observations in Antarctica and accepted 18.3 degrees Celsius as the new record, while rejecting the 20.8 degrees Celsius observation due to bias. The committee emphasized the need for caution in instrument setups and media dissemination.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
David H. Bromwich, Matthew A. Lazzara, Arthur M. Cayette, Jordan G. Powers, Kirstin Werner, John J. Cassano, Steven R. Colwell, Scott Carpentier, Xun Zou
ADVANCES IN ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
John Turner, Hua Lu, John C. King, Scott Carpentier, Matthew Lazzara, Tony Phillips, Jonathan Wille
Summary: This article investigates a high temperature event in December 1989 in East Antarctica and discusses the factors that led to this event, namely atmospheric rivers and synoptically driven downslope flow. These factors contributed to the further warming of coastal regions, resulting in record-breaking temperatures.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Robert Tardif, Gregory J. Hakim, Karin A. Bumbaco, Matthew A. Lazzara, Kevin W. Manning, David E. Mikolajczyk, Jordan G. Powers
Summary: This study evaluates a network design method that uses ensemble sensitivity to predict optimal sampling locations for surface air temperature in Antarctica. The results show the importance of stations on the East Antarctic Plateau, followed by stations in West Antarctica and the Ross Ice Shelf region. Coastal and Peninsula stations provide the least information content.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Benjamin Pohl, Vincent Favier, Jonathan Wille, Danielle G. Udy, Tessa R. Vance, Julien Pergaud, Niels Dutrievoz, Juliette Blanchet, Christoph Kittel, Charles Amory, Gerhard Krinner, Francis Codron
Summary: Weather regimes in the East Antarctica-Southern Ocean sector were defined based on ERA5 reanalysis data from 1979 to 2018, showing short sequences influenced by the Southern Annular Mode. Intersections of regime occurrences with atmospheric rivers (ARs) revealed a concentration during regimes associated with atmospheric ridges/blockings, affecting climate variability in Antarctica significantly. Conditions favoring AR development include strong atmospheric ridges/blockings over the Southern Ocean, contributing to anomalous warm and humid conditions in coastal Antarctica.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Linda M. Keller, Kathryn J. Maloney, Matthew A. Lazzara, David E. Mikolajczyk, Stefano Di Battista
Summary: This study examines the characteristics and duration of extreme cold events at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole station. Significant trends and correlations were found, but there were also cases where the trends were not statistically significant. Additionally, climate patterns that could potentially lead to extreme cold events were identified.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Joanna Charton, Irene Schimmelpfennig, Vincent Jomelli, Guillaume Delpech, Pierre-Henri Blard, Regis Braucher, Deborah Verfaillie, Vincent Favier, Vincent Rinterknecht, Hugues Goosse, Xavier Crosta, Leo Chassiot, Leo Martin, Damien Guillaume, Claude Legentil
Summary: Cosmogenic nuclide dating was used to study glacier fluctuations on the Kerguelen Archipelago in the sub-Antarctic sector of the Indian Ocean. The dating results reveal multiple advances and retreats of glaciers during the late glacial and late Holocene periods, with influences from the Antarctic Cold Reversal events. Glaciers likely experienced significant recession during the Early and Mid-Holocene, and re-advanced only during the Late Holocene. Comparison with other southern mid-latitude regions identifies different glacier evolution patterns. The variations of Kerguelen glaciers may be controlled by sea surface temperature and long-term fluctuations of the Southern Annular Mode.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
V Jomelli, D. Swingedouw, M. Vuille, V Favier, B. Goehring, J. Shakun, R. Braucher, I Schimmelpfennig, L. Menviel, A. Rabatel, L. C. P. Martin, P-H Blard, T. Condom, M. Lupker, M. Christl, Z. He, D. Verfaillie, A. Gorin, G. Aumaitre, D. L. Bourles, K. Keddadouche
Summary: Based on cosmic-ray exposure chronologies, the study reveals that glaciers in the tropical Andes and the north Atlantic regions showed variations on millennial timescales during the Holocene, distinct from other regions. Transient climate simulations and a semi-empirical model also suggest that the Atlantic Meridional Ocean Overturning Circulation (AMOC) plays a significant role in driving glacier changes in these regions. The findings highlight the importance of understanding past AMOC behavior as a potential driver of glacier variations.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Luis Felipe Gualco, Luis Maisincho, Marcos Villacis, Lenin Campozano, Vincent Favier, Jean-Carlos Ruiz-Hernandez, Thomas Condom
Summary: Tropical glaciers are valuable indicators of climate variability and a freshwater resource for downstream populations. This study analyzed the influence of meteorological factors on melting and discharge variations at Glacier 12 of Antisana volcano. The findings provide new insights into the behavior of glaciers in the inner tropics.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Sara Arioli, Ghislain Picard, Laurent Arnaud, Vincent Favier
Summary: The grain size of the superficial snow layer in Antarctica is crucial for determining surface albedo. This study investigates the relationship between variations in surface snow grain size and multiple interacting processes, including snow drift. Using in situ observations and a new multi-band albedometer, the authors found that there are two possible pathways for grain size evolution under snow drift: a decrease or an increase in grain size. Wind also hinders snowfall deposition during precipitation events, resulting in more stable grain size.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yetang Wang, Xueying Zhang, Wentao Ning, Matthew A. Lazzara, Minghu Ding, Carleen H. Reijmer, Paul C. J. P. Smeets, Paolo Grigioni, Petra Heil, Elizabeth R. Thomas, David Mikolajczyk, Lee J. Welhouse, Linda M. Keller, Zhaosheng Zhai, Yuqi Sun, Shugui Hou
Summary: This article presents a new meteorological dataset derived from records of Antarctic automatic weather stations. The dataset includes measurements of air temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, and wind speed and direction from 267 Antarctic AWSs obtained from 1980 to 2021. The aim of this dataset is to make the data easily accessible for use in local, regional, and continental studies.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
G. Picard, H. Lowe, F. Domine, L. Arnaud, F. Larue, V. Favier, E. Le Meur, E. Lefebvre, J. Savarino, A. Royer
Summary: This study improves the snow scattering model by introducing a new microstructural parameter that accurately predicts microwave scattering. It demonstrates the relationship between microwave grain size, optical grain size, and polydispersity, and retrieves the value of polydispersity for different types of snow grains. The findings enable more accurate uses of satellite observations in snow hydrological and meteorological applications.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Deborah Verfaillie, Charles Pelletier, Hugues Goosse, Nicolas C. Jourdain, Christopher Y. S. Bull, Quentin Dalaiden, Vincent Favier, Thierry Fichefet, Jonathan D. Wille
Summary: The Southern Hemisphere cryosphere responds differently to climate change depending on the phases of the Southern Annular Mode. Positive phases lead to increased ice-shelf melt, while negative phases have the opposite effect. The study suggests that changes in the Southern Annular Mode can cause net basal mass loss in the Antarctic ice shelves, with regional variations.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jonathan D. Wille, Vincent Favier, Nicolas C. Jourdain, Christoph Kittel, Jenny Turton, Cecile Agosta, Irina Gorodetskaya, Ghislain Picard, Francis Codron, Christophe Leroy-Dos Santos, Charles Amory, Xavier Fettweis, Juliette Blanchet, Vincent Jomelli, Antoine Berchet
Summary: This study uses an atmospheric river detection algorithm, regional climate model, and satellite observations to investigate the processes leading to the dramatic collapse of ice shelves in the Antarctic Peninsula. The research finds that intense atmospheric rivers have a 40% probability of inducing extremes in temperature, surface melt, sea-ice disintegration, or large swells that destabilize the ice shelves. This phenomenon was observed during the collapses of the Larsen A and B ice shelves. The study also reveals that 60% of calving events from 2000-2020 were triggered by atmospheric rivers, highlighting their significant role in ice shelf stability.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joanna Charton, Vincent Jomelli, Irene Schimmelpfennig, Deborah Verfaillie, Vincent Favier, Fatima Mokadem, Adrien Gilbert, Fanny Brun, Georges Aumaitre, Didier L. Bourles, Karim Keddadouche
Summary: Debris-covered glaciers in the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Archipelago have shown responses to multi-millennial climate variability, with at least two glacial advances observed during different periods. Both debris-covered and debris-free glaciers advanced synchronously during the Late Glacial, but a distinct advance in the debris-covered Gentil Glacier during the Late Holocene suggests unique dynamics or sensitivity to precipitation changes.