Article
Fisheries
Sacha Ruzzante, Rezaul Hoque, Muhammad Meezanur Rahman, Amy M. Bilton
Summary: The study introduced a new cross-over experimental design to test the effectiveness of aeration technologies in aquaculture, demonstrating its cost-effectiveness and reliability compared to large-scale trials in smallholder contexts. The device showed minimal impact on dissolved oxygen levels, highlighting the potential of the experimental design for testing other aeration technologies in the future.
AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Manuela Meireles, Anna Carolina Cortez-Ribeiro, Denise Polck, Juliana Almeida-de-Souza, Vera Ferro-Lebres
Summary: This study examined the effect of olive leaf tea (OLT) on postprandial glycemia when consumed with a high-carbohydrate meal, compared to a placebo tea (CON), in healthy volunteers. Participants consumed either 250 mL of OLT or CON with a high-carbohydrate meal at two different times. The results showed that the consumption of OLT resulted in a delayed peak time and a significant increase in glucose area under the curve compared to the placebo. However, OLT did not have antihyperglycemic effects when ingested acutely in a single meal.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maartje van den Belt, Sandra van der Haar, Els Oosterink, Tom van Loenhout, Takahiro Ishiguro, Diederik Esser
Summary: In a double-blind randomized controlled cross-over trial, it was found that consumption of frozen soy tofu is associated with improvements in cardiometabolic health markers. However, there is currently no sufficient evidence to claim that frozen soy tofu has beneficial effects on cardiometabolic health compared to the control group.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emily Newton-Tanzer, Hans Demmelmair, Jeannie Horak, Lesca Holdt, Berthold Koletzko, Veit Grote
Summary: Protein intake in early life has significant impacts on postprandial metabolism, with higher protein consumption leading to increased concentrations of branch-chain amino acids and insulin. The effects of protein intake on glucose and insulin levels may be attributed to gluconeogenesis and amino acid degradation over time.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yueyue Wang, Jose Lara Gallegos, Crystal Haskell-Ramsay, John K. Lodge
Summary: This study compared the effects of fresh blueberries, freeze-dried blueberry powder, and a control group on cardiovascular health. The results showed that supplementation with blueberries and blueberry powder had a positive impact on plasma nitrite levels, but did not significantly affect other indicators such as blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tejas Goculdas, Siddharth Deshpande, Weiqing Zheng, Raymond J. Gorte, Sunitha Sadula, Dionisios G. Vlachos
Summary: By exploring various alkaline earth metals and mixed metal oxides, we found that MgO achieves a yield of approximately 90% in cross-ketonization reaction by minimizing decarboxylation side reaction. We illustrated the role of molecular structure and complex formation over alkaline-earth metal oxides in reducing side reactions. Catalyst deactivation was overcome by regeneration over multiple runs. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of heterogeneous catalysts for developing renewable surfactants through cross ketonization.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nathaniel M. Eagan, Mathilde Luneau, Cynthia M. Friend, Robert J. Madix
Summary: The phase in which the catalysis is conducted, either liquid or gas phase, has a significant impact on the selectivity of alcohol cross-coupling reactions. Liquid-phase operation favors cross-coupling to form esters, while gas-phase operation favors self-coupling to form esters. The difference in selectivity between phases is attributed to factors such as C-H activation rates, fraction of activation leading to esters vs aldehydes, and the stability of alkoxides on the surface.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rebekka Thogersen, Hanne Christine Bertram, Mathias T. Vangsoe, Mette Hansen
Summary: The study showed that krill protein hydrolysate can significantly increase postprandial serum amino acid concentrations, especially essential amino acids and branched chain amino acids, in a more superior way compared to soy protein isolate.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin G. France, Janina Enderle, Sarah Roehrig, Holger Puchta, F. Chris H. Franklin, James D. Higgins
Summary: The study on the function of the synaptonemal complex in Arabidopsis indicates that it limits the formation of Class I crossover interference and disrupts the progressive alignment of chromosome axes in plants.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Riqiang Bao, Yingkai Sun, Yiran Jiang, Lei Ye, Jie Hong, Weiqing Wang
Summary: Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is an effective dietary intervention for weight loss through negative energy balance. This study found that TRF increased fecal energy loss and showed a trend in increasing urine energy loss without affecting energy expenditure. TRF also improved glycemic profiles, heart rate, respiration rate, and metabolic flexibility.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Liril D. Silvi, Dinesh K. Chandraker, Sumana Ghosh, Arup K. Das
Summary: The present study aims to simulate the flow boiling of saturated liquid over a horizontal heated circular cylinder under vertical flow condition in order to understand the interfacial dynamics involved. Different liquid velocities and heat fluxes are considered to cover the buoyancy and inertia-dominated mixed regimes. The cross-flow situation around isolated and vertically arranged in-line cylinders is modeled using Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) based interface capturing technique and Tanasawa's phase change model. The results show that the interfacial instability and heat transfer mechanisms vary with cross-flow rate and cylinder position.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Simou Wu, Wen Jia, Huimin He, Jun Yin, Huilin Xu, Chengyuan He, Qinqiu Zhang, Yue Peng, Ruyue Cheng
Summary: RPG dietary fiber products can improve the sensory properties of food, reduce postprandial blood glucose, and enhance satiety.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yu-Kuo Hsiao
Summary: LHCb has recently reported the first observation of a four-body baryonic B -> B-1(B) over bar (1)'B-2(B) over bar (2)' decay and investigated the phenomenology of other similar decays, predicting branching fractions for some processes.
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaoyang Xie, Anxiang Ma, Houjian Zhao, Xiaowei Li, Xinxin Wu
Summary: Helical tube bundles are commonly used in steam generators and intermediate heat exchangers of High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors. This study investigates the thermal hydraulic performance of tube bundles with specific dimensions in a wind tunnel, including velocity distribution, surface pressure distribution, and drag/lift force. The results show that the pressure recovery after separation contributes to a decreasing flow resistance coefficient with increasing Reynolds number. The shedding of vortices induces turbulent wake swinging, with a phase lag observed between neighboring rows.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Luis Carlos Soares da Silva Junior, Clifford B. Fedler
Summary: Waste stabilization ponds (WSP) are commonly used to treat wastewater in small communities. However, a novel design called Pond-in-Pond (PIP) was proposed to improve the design of anaerobic pits. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted to compare different configurations, and it was found that the 1:1 aspect ratio (square pit) performed the best in terms of hydrodynamics and solids retention capacity.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Julia Becher, Alex Schoeman, Gavin Whitelaw, Stephen Buckley, Jean-Pierre Celliers, Sara Cafisso, Matthias Belser, Maxime Rageot, Cynthianne Spiteri
Summary: This study represents the first application of Organic Residue Analysis (ORA) to southern African early farming pottery to gain a deeper understanding of past human behavior and subsistence patterns. The study found evidence of dairy processing and multi-purpose functionality of the ceramics. It also discovered potential medicinal use and the involvement of dung in pottery sealing and mending.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Anthropology
Jon Clindaniel, Matthew Magnani
Summary: Large sources of digital trace data have become important in the study of material culture. The authors introduce a computational method to observe digital formation processes and highlight the importance of accounting for these processes in studies utilizing digital trace data.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Anthropology
Rebecca A. G. Reid, Miranda M. E. Jans, Lesley A. Chesson, Rebecca J. Taylor, Gregory E. Berg
Summary: Chemical treatment of skeletal remains can reduce overall DNA quality and quantity but has no significant impact on stable isotope ratio analysis. Examination of treated and untreated human remains through histological and stable isotope analysis reveals that treated remains exhibit better preservation compared to untreated remains. Stable isotope ratio analysis is viable for both treated and untreated remains, regardless of their origin.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Anthropology
Laura Tome, Eneko Iriartec, Antonio Blanco-Gonzalez, Margarita Jambrina-Enriquez, Natalia Eguez, Antonio V. Herrera-Herrera, Carolina Mallola
Summary: This paper presents the outcomes of a microcontextual geoarchaeological study conducted on earthen dwellings from the Early Iron Age village of Cerro de San Vicente. The study employed soil micromorphology, lipid biomarker analysis, XRD, and XRF analyses to investigate various aspects of the dwellings, including construction materials, site formation processes, and daily life practices. The results have shed light on the construction layers, floor use, maintenance, repaving, periods of abandonment and decay, and the presence of lipid biomarkers associated with dwelling functionality. The study significantly contributes to our understanding of ancient construction practices and the utilization of domestic spaces during the Early Iron Age.
JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2024)