Article
Polymer Science
Kah Yen Lim, Tengku Arisyah Tengku Yasim-Anuar, Nur Sharmila Sharip, Farhana Aziz Ujang, Hazwani Husin, Hidayah Ariffin, Paridah Md Tahir, Xinping Li, Seng Hua Lee, Mohd Termizi Yusof
Summary: This study aims to produce environmental-friendly phenol-formaldehyde resin by using phenolated lignin and bio-oil extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunch black liquor to substitute phenol. The modified resins were prepared by heating a mixture of phenol-phenol substitute with NaOH and formaldehyde solution, and the physical properties of the resins were tested. Results showed that the substitution of 5% phenolated lignin improved the properties of phenol-formaldehyde resin. The production process of phenolated lignin-phenol-formaldehyde resin was also environmentally beneficial.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Elmeri Pienihakkinen, Christian Lindfors, Taina Ohra-aho, Anja Oasmaa
Summary: This study investigated the removal of alkali from forest residues, eucalyptus residues, and wheat straw through water and dilute nitric acid leaching. The results showed that nitric acid leaching increased the organic liquid yield and reduced the alkali content in eucalyptus residues and wheat straw. However, pyrolysis experiments with acid-leached forest residues were unsuccessful.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Silawan Sangthong, Worasak Phetwarotai, Muhammad Saifullah Abu Bakar, Benjamas Cheirsilp, Neeranuch Phusunti
Summary: This study comparatively analyzed the potential of palm kernel shell and its isolated lignin for the production of phenol and phenolic compounds via the pyrolysis process. The experimental results showed that the isolated lignin had a higher bio-oil yield and total fraction of phenol and phenolic compounds.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Fanhui Geng, Haijun Wu, Biao Wang, Yamei Yuan, Kai Zhang, Xia Xu, Jian Xu
Summary: Different catalysts (NaOH, H2O2, and NaOH/H2O2) were used to convert poplar to bio-oil and synthesize bio-oil-based phenolic foam (BPM). The BPM showed better flame retardancy, with the highest phenolic content achieved through NaOH/H2O2 catalysis. The BPM also exhibited higher compressive strength and thermal stability when prepared from NaOH/H2O2-catalyzed bio-oil.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Menglu Dai, Jing Sun, Qiang Fang
Summary: A new fluorinated cross-linked polystyrene derived from vanillin, a renewable biomass, has been developed. It exhibits high thermostability, good dielectric properties, and hydrophobicity, making it suitable as a low dielectric encapsulation material for high frequency communication. This study provides a facile and efficient method for the conversion of renewable biomass into high-performance materials.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Constantin Gaina, Oana Ursache, Viorica Gaina, Alexandru-Mihail Serban, Mihai Asandulesa
Summary: This paper presents the synthesis and thermal behavior of novel epoxy resins derived from epoxidized castor oil. It compares the properties of these resins with a petroleum-based epoxy resin. The results show that the castor oil-based resins have a lower glass transition temperature (T-g) compared to the petroleum-based resins, but the introduction of trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (TMP) can increase T-g. The morphological behavior is not significantly affected by the use of epoxidized castor oil or the addition of TMP in the resin synthesis. The dielectric properties of the epoxy resins were also analyzed.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Magdalena Cifuentes-Cabezas, Carmen Maria Sanchez-Arevalo, Jose Antonio Mendoza- Roca, Maria Cinta Vincent-Vela, Silvia Alvarez-Blanco
Summary: An adsorption/desorption process using Purolite non-ionic resins was investigated to recover phenolic compounds from agroindustry wastewater. The optimal resin concentration and desorption solvent for maximum recovery were determined, and the adsorption mechanisms were characterized using kinetic and isotherm models. The MN200 resin was found to be the most effective adsorbent, achieving a 91% recovery of phenolic compounds.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jia Wen Chong, Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar, Raymond R. Tan, Kathleen B. Aviso, Nishanth G. Chemmangattuvalappil
Summary: A data-driven rough-set-based machine learning model is proposed in this work to predict the properties of pyrolysis bio-oil. The model is trained based on a database consisting of feedstock proximate and ultimate analyses, pyrolysis temperature, bio-oil's pH value, and bio-oil's higher heating value. The results demonstrate that the model has good predictive capability and can be used for feedstock composition and pyrolysis temperature selection in pyrolysis bio-oil production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Anna Trubetskaya, Lukas von Berg, Robert Johnson, Sean Moore, J. J. Leahy, Yinglei Han, Heiko Lange, Andres Anca-Couce
Summary: Advancements in fluidized bed pyrolysis mechanisms and analytical methodologies are critical for progress in the biorefinery sector in general and the aviation fuel sector in particular. The statistical modelling of pyrolysis product yields and composition allowed us to observe advantages of operating temperature and feedstock se-lections over the torrefaction process and catalyst addition in a fluidized bed reactor. This work suggests that bio-oil from fluidized bed pyrolysis of biomasses is a promising material for use in the aviation industry and energy production.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Soheil Valizadeh, Daejun Oh, Jungho Jae, Sumin Pyo, Hoyeon Jang, Hyeonji Yim, Gwang Hoon Rhee, Moonis Ali Khan, Byong-Hun Jeon, Kun-Yi Andrew Lin, Pau Loke Show, Jung Min Sohn, Young-Kwon Park
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of pyrolytic temperature, torrefaction, and fractional condensation on the production of high-quality bio-oil from woody sawdust pyrolysis. The results showed that increasing pyrolytic temperature enhanced the selectivity of phenolic compounds, while increasing torrefaction severity decreased the bio-oil yield but increased the selectivity of phenolics and mitigated the fraction of oxygenated compounds. In fractional condensation, the condensing temperature affected the distribution of total oxygenates and phenolics. The integration of torrefaction and fractional condensation significantly reduced the oxygenated content and increased the selectivity of phenolic content.
Review
Polymer Science
Jingkai Liu, Shuaipeng Wang, Yunyan Peng, Jin Zhu, Weiwei Zhao, Xiaoqing Liu
Summary: The development of sustainable thermosetting resins is a contemporary research objective, requiring renewable feedstocks, comprehensive properties, and recyclability. This systematic overview discusses recent advances in bio-based thermosetting resins, including the application of bio-based platform compounds, synthesis of typical bio-based thermosets, and strategies for recycling waste products.
PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
K. Magrini, J. Olstad, B. Peterson, R. Jackson, Y. Parent, C. Mukarakate, K. Iisa, E. Christensen, R. Seiser
Summary: NREL's research focuses on upgrading biomass fast-pyrolysis vapors through ex-situ methods to produce fuel precursors, fuels, and chemicals. Their work demonstrates the feasibility of producing refinery-compatible hydrocarbon fuel intermediates from biomass-derived vapors, as well as the use of these upgraded oils in FCC refinery operations to produce biogenic carbon-containing fuels.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rubia Idris, William Woei Fong Chong, Atikah Ali, Sidah Idris, Mohd Faizal Hasan, Farid Nasir Ani, Cheng Tung Chong
Summary: In this study, oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) was subjected to microwave-induced fast pyrolysis, and it was found that the addition of activated carbon as a microwave susceptor significantly increased the bio-oil yield, resulting in bio-oil enriched with phenolic compounds. This promising method shows potential for producing highly selective mono-phenol rich bio-oil from biowaste.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yongsheng Zhang, Xiaomeng Yang, Jinpan Bao, Hang Qian, Dong Sui, Jianshe Wang, Chunbao Charles Xu, Yanfang Huang
Summary: In this study, bio-based phenolic resins were synthesized using lignin, phenol, and furfural, and activated carbon nanofibers were obtained through electrospinning and one-step carbonization activation. The activated carbon nanofibers exhibited uniform diameter, high specific surface area up to 1100 m2/g, and total pore volume of 0.62 cm3/g. The electrode showed a specific capacitance of 238 F/g (0.1 A/g) and good rate capability. The symmetric supercapacitor achieved a high energy density of 26.39 Wh/kg at 100 W/kg and an excellent capacitance retention of 98% after 10000 cycles. These results indicate that activated carbon nanofibers from bio-based phenolic resins can be applied as electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors.
FRONTIERS OF CHEMICAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Masoud Derakhshandeh, Funda Ates, Umran Tezcan Un
Summary: The study found that the optimal pyrolysis temperature for microalgae biomass was 500 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, resulting in higher bio-oil yield.
BIOENERGY RESEARCH
(2021)
