期刊
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
卷 113, 期 4, 页码 602-607出版社
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00560.2011
关键词
biomechanics; horse; athletic performance
资金
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council UK CASE studentship
- TurfTrax
- RCUK Fellowship
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/E500137/1] Funding Source: researchfish
We used a radio tracking system to examine the speed of 373 racehorses on different gradients on an undulating racecourse during 33 races, each lasting a few minutes. Horses show a speed detriment on inclines (0.68 m.s(-1).1% gradient(-1), r(2) = 0.97), the magnitude of which corresponds to trading off the metabolic cost (power) of height gain with the metabolic cost (power) of horizontal galloping. A similar relationship can be derived from published data for human runners. The horses, however, were also slower on the decline (-0.45 m.s(-1).1% gradient(-1), r(2) = 0.92). Human athletes run faster on a decline, which can be explained by the energy gained by the center of mass from height loss. This study has shown that horses go slower, which may be attributable to the anatomical simplicity of their front legs limiting weight support and stability when going downhill. These findings provide insight into limits to athletic performance in racehorses, which may be used to inform training regimens, as well as advancing knowledge from both veterinary and basic science perspectives.
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