Article
Environmental Sciences
Rui Xiong, Qiangen Wu, Matthew Bryant, Hans Rosenfeldt, Sheila Healy, Xuefei Cao
Summary: Accurate dosimetry is crucial for assessing xenobiotic toxicity and comparing responses in different test systems. This study used acrolein as a model toxicant and developed a new method to indirectly estimate its intracellular uptake. Findings showed that normal human bronchial epithelial cells were more sensitive to acrolein exposure compared to mucoepidermoid pulmonary carcinoma cells, with GSH depletion and conjugation identified as primary adverse events associated with cytotoxicity.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Faroogh Marofi, Heshu Sulaiman Rahman, Lakshmi Thangavelu, Aleksey Dorofeev, Favian Bayas-Morejon, Naghmeh Shirafkan, Navid Shomali, Max Stanley Chartrand, Mostafa Jarahian, Ghasem Vahedi, Rebar N. Mohammed, Somayeh Shahrokh, Morteza Akbari, Farhad Motavalli Khiavi
Summary: CAR-T cell immunotherapy has shown promising therapeutic results in treating cancers and infectious diseases, but it also brings some considerable drawbacks, leading to the exploration of utilizing NK cells as an alternative source of immune effector cells for CAR-engineering.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mauricio Campos-Mora, William Jacot, Genevieve Garcin, Marie-Lise Depondt, Michael Constantinides, Catherine Alexia, Martin Villalba
Summary: NK cells infiltrate tumor environment and eliminate tumor cells. They can perform trogocytosis by acquiring tumor antigens from solid cancer cells. The extent of trogocytosis depends on the target cell and the antigen.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bohwa Han, Yeonju Song, Jeehun Park, Junsang Doh
Summary: This review discusses the use of nanomaterials to address the limitations of CAR-T cell therapy, including methods to improve expansion, gene delivery, and enhance antitumor functions. Understanding the biological principles behind various nanomaterials is crucial for their application in ex vivo engineering of T/NK cells.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Josefine Ruder, Jordan Rex, Simon Obahor, Maria Jose Docampo, Antonia M. S. Mueller, Urs Schanz, Ilijas Jelcic, Roland Martin
Summary: It was found that after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the relative frequency and absolute numbers of CD56(bright) NK cells in patients with multiple sclerosis increased, while all studied innate-like T cell populations decreased.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Dan Lv, Muhammad Babar Khawar, Zhengyan Liang, Yu Gao, Haibo Sun
Summary: Immunotherapy has become a significant treatment strategy for cancer patients. Targeting cancer neoantigens through major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, which result from highly immunogenic non-synonymous somatic mutations, is a promising approach for cancer immunotherapy. Current therapeutic options include neoantigen vaccines and adoptive T-cell therapy, which are being tested in clinical trials for various malignancies. This review focuses on the use of neoantigens as cancer therapy targets and discusses neoantigen identification, clinical usage of personalized neoantigen-based therapy, and the development of off-the-shelf products based on shared neoantigens. Additionally, the review introduces and discusses the potential impact of the neoantigen-MHC complex on natural killer (NK) cell antitumor function, suggesting a novel method to enhance immune response-induced cytotoxicity against malignancies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Philipp Wendel, Lisa Marie Reindl, Tobias Bexte, Leander Kuennemeyer, Vinzenz Saerchen, Nawid Albinger, Andreas Mackensen, Eva Rettinger, Tobias Bopp, Evelyn Ullrich
Summary: In the last forty years, adoptive immunotherapy has seen advancements in utilizing immune cells for cancer treatment, with the use of NK cells, CIK cells, and specific T cell products. Recent developments have improved the effectiveness of immune cells in targeting tumor antigens via genetic engineering, offering promising outcomes in the fight against cancer.
Article
Immunology
Maulik Vyas, Marta Requesens, Thao H. Nguyen, Domitille Peigney, Marjan Azin, Shadmehr Demehri
Summary: Despite advances in cancer treatment, metastatic spread of malignant cells remains a major cause of cancer-related deaths. Natural killer (NK) cells and T cells play cooperative roles in the surveillance and control of melanoma metastasis. NK cells limit the seeding of melanoma cells in the lungs, while T cells restrict the growth of metastatic foci. The liver is a prominent site where NK cells clear melanoma cells to regulate their seeding in the lungs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Grainne Jameson, Cathal Harmon, Rhyla Mae Santiago, Diarmaid D. Houlihan, Tom K. Gallagher, Lydia Lynch, Mark W. Robinson, Cliona O'Farrelly
Summary: Liver-resident CD56(bright)CD16(-) natural killer (NK) cells may contribute to immune tolerance during liver transplantation. RNA sequencing revealed that these liver-resident NK cells upregulated genes associated tissue residency and expressed immune receptors capable of activating NK cells. Functional assays demonstrated that hepatic NK cells had cytotoxic effects on allogenic CD8(+) T cells, with CD8(+) T cells being more susceptible than CD4(+) T cells, and this cytotoxic response could be enhanced by an anti-CD160 agonist.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
William H. Palmer, Laura Ann Leaton, Ana Campos Codo, Bergren Crute, James Roest, Shiying Zhu, Jan Petersen, Richard P. Tobin, Patrick S. Hume, Matthew Stone, Adrie van Bokhoven, Mark E. Gerich, Martin D. McCarter, Yuwen Zhu, William J. Janssen, Julian P. Vivian, John Trowsdale, Andrew Getahun, Jamie Rossjohn, John Cambier, Liyen Loh, Paul J. Norman
Summary: Most human killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are expressed by natural killer (NK) cells and recognize HLA class I molecules as ligands. However, KIR3DL3 is expressed in γδ and CD8(+) T cells and recognizes the B7 family ligand HHLA2, playing a role in immune checkpoint targeting. KIR3DL3(+) T cells in peripheral blood have an activated transitional memory phenotype and are hypofunctional, with biased T cell receptor (TCR) usage. Additionally, KIR3DL3 expression can be influenced by polymorphisms and variants in the proximal promoter and residue 86. These findings have implications for personalized targeting of KIR3DL3/HHLA2 checkpoint inhibition.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Zhaoming Wang, Michael S. Chimenti, Christopher Strouse, George J. Weiner
Summary: The study found that T cell help, mainly mediated by local production of IL2, plays a significant role in enhancing NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and viability. Activating T cells can improve the efficacy of anti-CD20 and other mAb therapies, particularly when NK-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity is the primary mechanism of action.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Criselle D'Souza, H. Miles Prince, Paul J. Neeson
Summary: Immunomodulatory drugs have pleotropic effects on multiple myeloma treatment, targeting the myeloma cells directly and improving the anti-myeloma immune response. Combination therapies with monoclonal antibodies or checkpoint inhibitors show synergistic effects in enhancing T and NK cell dependent cellular toxicity and T cell proliferation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mercedes Taroncher, Fiona Halbig, Yelko Rodriguez-Carrasco, Maria-Jose Ruiz
Summary: The antioxidant defense system in HepG2 cells was evaluated against oxidative stress induced by T-2 toxin and its metabolites. The study found that the antioxidant enzymes system can alleviate the damage caused by T-2 and its metabolites in HepG2 cells.
Article
Immunology
Shi Qian, Chunbin Xiong, Meiting Wang, Zining Zhang, Yajing Fu, Qinghai Hu, Haibo Ding, Xiaoxu Han, Hong Shang, Yongjun Jiang
Summary: The ectonucleotidases CD38 and CD39 play critical roles in HIV infection by regulating the activity of NK cells and suppressing T cell proliferation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Ezgi Elmas, Noushin Saljoughian, Marcelo de Souza Fernandes Pereira, Brian P. Tullius, Kinnari Sorathia, Robin J. Nakkula, Dean A. Lee, Meisam Naeimi Kararoudi
Summary: This review discusses the applications and feasibility of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and engineering strategies for cancer immunotherapy, as well as several approaches to study CRISPR off-target effects.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
William V. Trim, Jean-Philippe Walhin, Francoise Koumanov, Anne Bouloumie, Mark A. Lindsay, Yung-Chih Chen, Rebecca L. Travers, James E. Turner, Dylan Thompson
Summary: The study reveals that adipose tissue shows significant pro-inflammatory changes with age in healthy and lean older adults, while skeletal muscle does not. These changes are tissue-specific and more profound than those observed in circulation or skeletal muscle. Adipose tissue's role in the biological ageing process in humans is highlighted, showing signs of immunometabolic dysfunction before systemic manifestation.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Jennifer L. J. Heaney, Sian Faustini, Lili Evans, Alec Rapson, Emily Collman, Annabelle Emery, John P. Campbell, Sally Moore, Margaret Goodall, Zaheer Afzal, Iain L. Chapple, Guy Pratt, Mark T. Drayson
Summary: This study investigated whether M-proteins and FLC can be detected in the saliva of myeloma patients and evaluated its utility for non-invasive screening and monitoring of hematological malignancies. The results showed that despite the elevated levels of M-proteins and FLC in the blood, only a few patients had detectable M-proteins in their saliva, and FLC almost did not enter the saliva. This suggests that saliva has limited value in the diagnosis of myeloma.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Sian Faustini, Adrian Shields, Gemma Banham, Nadezhda Wall, Saly Al-Taei, Chloe Tanner, Zahra Ahmed, Elena Efstathiou, Neal Townsend, Margaret Goodall, Tim Plant, Marisol Perez-Toledo, Aleksandra Jasiulewicz, Ruth Price, James McLaughlin, John Farnan, Julie Moore, Louise Robertson, Andrew Nesbit, Grace Curry, Amy Black, Adam Cunningham, Lorraine Harper, Tara Moore, Mark Drayson, Alex Richter
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Patricia M. L. Dutra, Silvia A. G. Da-Silva, Jose Roberto Mineo, James E. Turner
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ruth M. de Tute, Charlotte Pawlyn, David A. Cairns, Faith E. Davies, Tom Menzies, Andy Rawstron, John R. Jones, Anna Hockaday, Rowena Henderson, Gordon Cook, Mark T. Drayson, Matthew W. Jenner, Martin F. Kaiser, Walter M. Gregory, Gareth J. Morgan, Graham H. Jackson, Roger G. Owen
Summary: This study found that MRD status at ASCT + 3 and ASCT + 9 is a powerful predictor of PFS and OS in patients with multiple myeloma. Lenalidomide maintenance therapy can increase the likelihood of converting from MRD-positive to MRD-negative. However, high-risk molecular features still have a negative impact on PFS and OS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amy Beth Coulson, Kara-Louise Royle, Charlotte Pawlyn, David A. Cairns, Anna Hockaday, Jennifer Bird, Stella Bowcock, Martin Kaiser, Ruth de Tute, Neil Rabin, Kevin Boyd, John Jones, Christopher Parrish, Hayley Gardner, David Meads, Bryony Dawkins, Catherine Olivier, Rowena Henderson, Phillip Best, Roger Owen, Matthew Jenner, Bhuvan Kishore, Mark Drayson, Graham Jackson, Gordon Cook
Summary: Multiple myeloma is a bone marrow cancer that mainly affects older people, and its incidence is increasing in an ageing population. Older, less fit patients who are ineligible for stem cell transplant have shown less improvement in patient outcomes over the last 10 years. Research is needed to improve treatment tolerability, clinical outcomes, and quality of life in this patient group.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sian Karen Smith, Gareth Wiltshire, Frankie F. Brown, Haryana Dhillon, Mike Osborn, Sarah Wexler, Mark Beresford, Mark A. Tooley, James E. Turner
Summary: This qualitative study explored the experiences of patients with breast, prostate or blood cancer in engaging with exercise and physical activity during treatment and afterwards. The study found that treatment limited their ability to exercise, but participants recognized the benefits of physical activity and desired to maintain an active lifestyle. However, they lacked concrete guidance and appropriate exercise classes for cancer patients and felt poorly informed about the type, intensity, duration, and frequency of exercise they should be doing.
Article
Hematology
Aikaterini Panopoulou, David A. Cairns, Amy Holroyd, Isabel Nichols, Nikita Cray, Charlotte Pawlyn, Gordon Cook, Mark Drayson, Kevin Boyd, Faith E. Davies, Matthew Jenner, Gareth J. Morgan, Roger Owen, Richard Houlston, Graham Jackson, Martin F. Kaiser
Summary: Through extended molecular profiling, we investigated outcome prediction in patients in the Myeloma XI trial, and found that single hit multiple myeloma patients derived the highest progression-free survival benefit from lenalidomide maintenance.
Article
Hematology
Matthew W. Jenner, Charlotte Pawlyn, Faith E. Davies, Tom Menzies, Anna Hockaday, Catherine Olivier, John R. Jones, Kamuraj Karunanithi, Jindriska Lindsay, Bhuvan Kishore, Gordon Cook, Mark T. Drayson, Martin F. Kaiser, Roger G. Owen, Walter Gregory, David A. Cairns, Gareth J. Morgan, Graham H. Jackson
Summary: Lenalidomide is an effective maintenance therapy for myeloma patients, but the addition of vorinostat did not provide additional benefits in terms of progression-free survival and overall survival compared to lenalidomide alone.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Lucia Y. Chen, Mark Drayson, Christopher Bunce, Karthik Ramasamy
Summary: Monoclonal gammopathy (MG) needs to be reassessed in terms of management and screening in clinical practice. The contribution of MG to disease states other than malignant progression is often unclear. This can lead to under recognition of the organ dysfunction that can occur with MGCS.
Article
Hematology
Sian E. Faustini, Andrew Hall, Sarah Brown, Sadie Roberts, Harriet Hill, Zania Stamataki, Matthew W. PITCH consortium, Matthew G. Jenner, Roger Owen, Guy Pratt, Gordon Cook, Alex T. Richter, Mark F. Drayson, Martin Kaiser, Jennifer L. J. Heaney
Summary: Patients with multiple myeloma and undergoing anti-myeloma therapy are at high risk of COVID-19 due to immunosuppression. A study on high-risk MM patients in the UK found that they required more vaccine doses to achieve seroconversion compared to healthy individuals, emphasizing the importance of booster vaccinations in this population. Reassuringly, high antibody cross-reactivity was observed with current variants of concern, indicating the effectiveness of multiple booster vaccine doses in providing COVID-19 protection for high-risk MM patients, even with intensive anti-CD38 therapy.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
William V. Trim, Jean -Philippe Walhin, Francoise Koumanov, James E. Turner, Natalie F. Shur, Elizabeth J. Simpson, Ian A. Macdonald, Paul L. Greenhaff, Dylan Thompson
Summary: Long-term physical inactivity increases glycemia despite energy balance, but does not affect glycemic variability.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Hannah Blakey, Ruyue Sun, Long Xie, Rebecca Russell, Nadia Sarween, James Hodson, Beata Hargitai, Tamas Marton, Desley A. H. Neil, Edwin Wong, Neil S. Sheerin, Kate Bramham, Claire L. Harris, Ellen Knox, Mark Drayson, Graham Lipkin
Summary: This study aimed to compare complement markers in maternal and fetal circulation, and placental tissue, between women with pre-eclampsia (PE) and healthy pregnant controls. The results showed that women with PE had lower concentrations of properdin and C4, and higher Ba. Ba concentration in the cord blood was also significantly higher in PE cases. In addition, the staining of C4d in the syncytiotrophoblast membrane was increased in PE cases. These findings suggest that inhibition of complement activation could be a potential therapeutic target for PE.
PREGNANCY HYPERTENSION-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WOMENS CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alex Porteous, Scott Gibson, Lucy A. Eddowes, Mark Drayson, Guy Pratt, Stella Bowcock, Fenella Willis, Hannah Parkin, Suzanne Renwick, Ira Laketic-Ljubojevic, Debra Howell, Alex Smith, Simon Stern
Summary: Patients with myeloma often face significant delays in diagnosis, especially those who are diagnosed after an emergency presentation. Emergency patients have more advanced disease and poorer prognosis compared to other routes. Early diagnosis may result in economic benefits by reducing complication and end-of-life care costs and improving patient outcomes.
VALUE IN HEALTH REGIONAL ISSUES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Stella Bowcock, Catherine Atkin, Gulnaz Iqbal, Guy Pratt, Kwee Yong, Richard D. Neal, Tim Planche, Kamaraj Karunanithi, Stephen Jenkins, Simon Stern, Sarah Arnott, Peter Toth, Farooq Wandroo, Janet Dunn, Mark T. Drayson
Summary: Myeloma, a rare and hard-to-diagnose blood cancer, often leads to irreversible organ damage by the time of diagnosis. Patients rarely describe 'bone pain', but rather 'pain'. Vertebral fractures are under-recognized as abnormal and are the most common form of irreversible organ damage. Screening based on certain symptoms, combined with imaging and laboratory results, may speed up myeloma diagnosis.
