Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dillan J. Newbold, Evan M. Gordon, Timothy O. Laumann, Nicole A. Seider, David F. Montez, Sarah J. Gross, Annie Zheng, Ashley N. Nielsen, Catherine R. Hoyt, Jacqueline M. Hampton, Mario Ortega, Babatunde Adeyemo, Derek B. Miller, Andrew N. Van, Scott Marek, Bradley L. Schlaggar, Alexandre R. Carter, Benjamin P. Kay, Deanna J. Greene, Marcus E. Raichle, Steven E. Petersen, Abraham Z. Snyder, Nico U. F. Dosenbach
Summary: During upper-limb casting, disused motor regions showed increased connectivity to the cingulo-opercular network, primarily mediated by large, spontaneous activity pulses. This led to a standby mode characterized by spontaneous activity pulses in the disused motor circuits.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biology
Sergio Oscar Verduzco-Flores, Erik De Schutter
Summary: In this paper, the importance of feedback control in understanding neural dynamics of sensorimotor control is demonstrated using a minimal model. The model shows the ability to learn and perform reaching movements, and exhibits emergent properties such as directional tuning and oscillatory dynamics.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Sergio Verduzco-Flores, William Dorrell, Erik De Schutter
Summary: This paper explores a neural control architecture that is both biologically plausible and capable of autonomous learning. It uses feedback controllers that learn to achieve a desired state by selecting the errors that drive them, employing a family of differential Hebbian learning rules. The architecture can control systems with monotonically or non-monotonically changing error responses through reinforcement learning. The use of feedback control simplifies the learning problem and allows for learning of more complex actions.
Article
Neurosciences
Yongrong Wang, Shuai Feng, Rui Yang, Wensheng Hou, Xiaoying Wu, Lin Chen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the learning-relative hemodynamic modulation of cortical plasticity induced by long-term motor training. The results showed that cortical hemodynamic activations exhibited an expansion-renormalization trend during continuous motor training, and the enhancement of functional connectivity may be maintained after amplitude renormalization. TMS findings suggested neural facilitations on the descending motor pathway after certain level of learning stages, and the learning could transfer to enhance performance in similar tasks.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
B. Zaaimi, M. Turnbull, A. Hazra, Y. Wang, C. Gandara, F. McLeod, E. E. McDermott, E. Escobedo-Cousin, A. Shah Idil, R. G. Bailey, S. Tardio, A. Patel, N. Ponon, J. Gausden, D. Walsh, F. Hutchings, M. Kaiser, M. O. Cunningham, G. J. Clowry, F. E. N. LeBeau, T. G. Constandinou, S. N. Baker, N. Donaldson, P. Degenaar, A. O'Neill, A. J. Trevelyan, A. Jackson
Summary: Closed-loop optogenetic stimulation with excitatory opsins enables precise manipulation of neural dynamics in brain slices and non-human primates, with potential therapeutic applications in humans.
NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Louis-Solal Giboin, Tom Reunis, Markus Gruber
Summary: The study found that action video game players had higher performance scores, stronger SICI, and higher MEP amplitudes. There were differences in the relation between reaction time and corticospinal excitability between players and controls, but no differences were found in motor map topography and IO curves. Action video game players demonstrated an increased efficiency in motor cortical inhibitory and excitatory neural networks.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Matthew Weightman, John-Stuart Brittain, Alison Hall, R. Chris Miall, Ned Jenkinson
Summary: The study found that short-duration stimulation applied to the cerebellum enhanced movements performed simultaneously with stimulation, while M1 stimulation did not improve adaptation. This suggests that the coupling of cerebellar stimulation and movement plays a crucial role in facilitating enhanced learning in the stimulated context.
Article
Physiology
Matjaz Divjak, Gasper Sedej, Nina Murks, Mitja Gerzevic, Uros Marusic, Rado Pisot, Bostjan Simunic, Ales Holobar
Summary: This study examined the activation patterns and coactivation changes in different muscles of older and young participants before and after bed rest. The results showed that older individuals had higher muscle discharge rates in the gastrocnemius compared to the young, regardless of the contraction level. However, the differences were less consistent in the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles. Individual adaptations to aging or bed rest also influenced the results.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kanghoon Jung, Minhyeok Chang, Andre Steinecke, Benjamin Burke, Youngjin Choi, Yasuhiro Oisi, David Fitzpatrick, Hiroki Taniguchi, Hyung-Bae Kwon
Summary: Chandelier cells (ChCs), a type of inhibitory interneurons, establish cortical microcircuits to organize neural coding through selective synaptic plasticity. They contribute to organized motor control by enhancing population coding of direction-tuned premotor neurons, with tuning refined through suppression of irrelevant activity. ChCs mediate learning by establishing inhibitory circuit motifs over individual pyramidal neurons and redistributing inhibitory weights during learning, allowing for efficient cortical computation.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Robotics
Ignacio Abadia, Francisco Naveros, Eduardo Ros, Richard R. Carrillo, Niceto R. Luque
Summary: This study aims to bridge the inherent features of cerebellar motor control and current robotic challenges by implementing a cerebellar-like spiking neural network (SNN) controller that is adaptive, compliant, and robust to variable sensorimotor delays. By replicating the cerebellar mechanisms and allowing motor learning and adaptation, this controller addresses the incompatibility between HRI robots' characteristics and traditional control solutions, as well as the challenge of compliant control in the presence of variable sensorimotor delays.
Review
Cell Biology
Mikhaela B. Slavin, Jonathan M. Memme, Ashley N. Oliveira, Neushaw Moradi, David A. Hood
Summary: This article examines the adaptive plasticity of mitochondria within skeletal muscle and the regulation of this characteristic by signals under conditions of exercise and inactivity. It discusses the impact of exercise and disuse on mitochondrial quantity and quality, as well as the related regulatory networks.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Marco Bonizzato, Marina Martinez
Summary: Most rehabilitation interventions post-SCI target sublesional spinal networks, but mammalian locomotion involves more than just that. Recovery of cortical control is essential for voluntary movement and gait modulation. Neurostimulation delivered in phase coherence with ongoing locomotion immediately alleviated primary deficits in rats with incomplete SCI.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mariko Nishibe, Hiroki Toyoda, Shin-ichiro Hiraga, Toshihide Yamashita, Yu Katsuyama
Summary: Patients with neurodevelopmental disorders exhibit impaired motor skill learning, which may be attributed to the effect of genetic variation on synaptic function and transcriptome profile, leading to inadequate experience-dependent cortical plasticity necessary for the development of fine motor skills.
Article
Neurosciences
Alina Rojas Albert, Winifried Backhaus, Jose A. Graterol Perez, Hanna Braass, Gerhard Schoen, Chi-Un Choe, Jan Feldheim, Marlene Boenstrup, Bastian Cheng, Goetz Thomalla, Christian Gerloff, Robert Schulz
Summary: Imaging studies have shown that the contralesional cortices are involved in recovery after motor stroke. Analyzing cortical thickness can capture changes in cortical anatomy that are related to recovery and treatment gains. This study investigates whether cortical thickness obtained in the acute phase after stroke can explain outcome variability. The results suggest that the baseline cortical anatomy of selected contralesional cortices can explain outcome variability after severe stroke, contributing to the concept of structural brain reserve for promoting recovery.
Article
Neurosciences
Leticia Perez-Sisques, Nuria Martin-Flores, Merce Masana, Julia Solana-Balaguer, Arnau Llobet, Joan Romani-Aumedes, Merce Canal, Genis Campoy-Campos, Esther Garcia-Garcia, Nuria Sanchez-Fernandez, Sara Fernandez-Garcia, James P. Gilbert, Manuel Jose Rodriguez, Heng-Ye Man, Elena Feinstein, David L. Williamson, David Soto, Xavier Gasull, Jordi Alberch, Cristina Malagelada
Summary: The study reveals the crucial role of RTP801 in neuronal plasticity and motor learning. Knockdown of RTP801 enhances excitatory synaptic transmission and improves motor learning, while also regulating spine density and synaptic-related protein levels.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Taihiko Yamaguchi, Saki Mikami, Masana Maeda, Taishi Saito, Toshinori Nakajima, Wataru Yachida, Akihito Gotouda
Summary: This article reviews the current state of portable/wearable EMG devices for assessment of bruxism. The results show that ultra-miniaturized wearable EMG devices with performance equivalent to conventional devices have been developed and used during sleep and in the daytime, with a high level of diagnostic accuracy for sleep bruxism. However, a definite cut-off value for awake bruxism has not been established.
CRANIO-THE JOURNAL OF CRANIOMANDIBULAR & SLEEP PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Feiran Li, Yu Chen, Qi Qi, Yanyan Wang, Le Yuan, Mingtao Huang, Ibrahim E. Elsemman, Amir Feizi, Eduard J. Kerkhoven, Jens Nielsen
Summary: Researchers have constructed a proteome-constrained genome-scale protein secretory model for yeast and demonstrated its application in the production of different recombinant proteins.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jianye Xia, Benjamin J. Sanchez, Yu Chen, Kate Campbell, Sergo Kasvandik, Jens Nielsen
Summary: In this study, a multiomics analysis was conducted on yeast cells cultured under different growth rates, revealing a linear dependence of the functional proteome on the growth rate.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abraham S. Meijnikman, Casper C. van Olden, Omrum Aydin, Hilde Herrema, Dorota Kaminska, Dimitra Lappa, Ville Mannisto, Valentina Tremaroli, Louise E. Olofsson, Maurits de Brauw, Arnold van de Laar, Joanne Verheij, Victor E. A. Gerdes, Thue W. Schwartz, Jens Nielsen, Fredrik Backhed, Paivi Pajukanta, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Tamar Tchkonia, James L. Kirkland, Folkert Kuipers, Max Nieuwdorp, Albert K. Groen
Summary: This article investigates the association between insulin levels and cellular senescence in the human liver and finds a significant correlation between high insulin levels and markers of cellular senescence. The results support the potential benefits of lowering insulin levels in obese individuals with insulin resistance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Feiran Li, Yu Chen, Mihail Anton, Jens Nielsen
Summary: Enzyme parameters are crucial for understanding, modeling, and engineering cells. Experimental measurements only cover a small portion of enzyme-compound pairs, and even less in non-model organisms. Artificial intelligence techniques have accelerated the exploration of enzyme properties by predicting them in a high-throughput manner. GotEnzymes is a comprehensive database that provides predicted enzyme parameters using AI approaches, allowing for interactive web exploration and programmatic access.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Malene Norup, Jonas Rud Bjorndal, August Lomholt Nielsen, Patrick Wiegel, Jesper Lundbye-Jensen
Summary: This study investigated the effects of dynamic motor practice and isometric motor practice on force control and position control, as well as the effects on corticospinal excitability. The results showed that dynamic motor practice significantly improved movement accuracy in position control and led to increased corticospinal excitability.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Le Yuan, Hongzhong Lu, Feiran Li, Jens Nielsen, Eduard J. Kerkhoven
Summary: In this study, a computational toolbox called HGTphyloDetect was developed, which combines high-throughput analysis with phylogenetic inference to accurately identify horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events and illustrate the transmission pathway among evolutionarily distant or closely related species. The HGTphyloDetect toolbox is user-friendly, capable of detecting HGT events with high efficiency and low false discovery rate.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Review
Physiology
M. H. Hjortshoej, P. Aagaard, C. D. Storgaard, H. Juneja, J. Lundbye-Jensen, S. P. Magnusson, C. Couppe
Summary: This study evaluated the hormonal, immune, and oxidative stress responses in healthy adults following low-load blood-flow restricted resistance exercise (LL-BFRRE) and conventional free-flow resistance exercise (FFRE). The results showed that LL-BFRRE induced higher hormone and immune responses compared to FFRE, and had attenuated oxidative stress responses compared to HL-FFRE.
Article
Neurosciences
Malene Norup, August Lomholt Nielsen, Jonas Rud Bjorndal, Patrick Wiegel, Meaghan Elizabeth Spedden, Jesper Lundbye-Jensen
Summary: In this study, the effects of motor practice on motor performance, accuracy and variability in preadolescent children were investigated. The study also examined changes in corticomuscular coherence following motor practice. Participants performed wrist flexions with specific movement endpoints or force levels. Results showed that position control practice led to greater improvements in movement accuracy compared to force control practice or resting control. There were no significant changes in force task performance or corticomuscular coherence. These findings suggest that preadolescent children improve position control following dynamic accuracy motor practice, but not force control.
HUMAN MOVEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Education, Special
Laurits Munk Hojberg, Jesper Lundbye-Jensen, Jacob Wienecke
Summary: This study aimed to investigate how young adults with Down syndrome (DS) learn and retain new motor skills. The results showed that individuals with DS had poorer motor performance compared to typically developed individuals. However, they demonstrated online improvements in performance with practice and showed offline consolidation, leading to significant retention effects.
RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ivana Bardino Novosel, Anina Ritterband-Rosenbaum, Georgios Zampoukis, Jens Bo Nielsen, Jakob Lorentzen
Summary: This study developed and trained an image-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to recognize specific movement classifiers relevant to individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). Monitoring and quantifying movement behavior in CP patients using multiple wearable sensors and CNN is of great value for improving their health outcomes.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Morteza Aghaee, Arun Akkala, Zulfi Alam, Rizwan Ali, Alejandro Alcaraz Ramirez, Mariusz Andrzejczuk, Andrey E. Antipov, Pavel Aseev, Mikhail Astafev, Bela Bauer, Jonathan Becker, Srini Boddapati, Frenk Boekhout, Jouri Bommer, Tom Bosma, Leo Bourdet, Samuel Boutin, Philippe Caroff, Lucas Casparis, Maja Cassidy, Sohail Chatoor, Anna Wulf Christensen, Noah Clay, William S. Cole, Fabiano Corsetti, Ajuan Cui, Paschalis Dalampiras, Anand Dokania, Gijs de Lange, Michiel de Moor, Juan Carlos Estrada Saldana, Saeed Fallahi, Zahra Heidarnia Fathabad, John Gamble, Geoff Gardner, Deshan Govender, Flavio Griggio, Ruben Grigoryan, Sergei Gronin, Jan Gukelberger, Esben Bork Hansen, Sebastian Heedt, Jesus Herranz Zamorano, Samantha Ho, Ulrik Laurens Holgaard, Henrik Ingerslev, Linda Johansson, Jeffrey Jones, Ray Kallaher, Farhad Karimi, Torsten Karzig, Cameron King, Maren Elisabeth Kloster, Christina Knapp, Dariusz Kocon, Jonne Koski, Pasi Kostamo, Peter Krogstrup, Mahesh Kumar, Tom Laeven, Thorvald Larsen, Kongyi Li, Tyler Lindemann, Julie Love, Roman Lutchyn, Morten Hannibal Madsen, Michael Manfra, Signe Markussen, Esteban Martinez, Robert McNeil, Elvedin Memisevic, Trevor Morgan, Andrew Mullally, Chetan Nayak, Jens Nielsen, William Hvidtfelt Padkaer Nielsen, Bas Nijholt, Anne Nurmohamed, Eoin OFarrell, Keita Otani, Sebastian Pauka, Karl Petersson, Luca Petit, Dmitry I. Pikulin, Frank Preiss, Marina Quintero-Perez, Mohana Rajpalke, Katrine Rasmussen, Davydas Razmadze, Outi Reentila, David Reilly, Richard Rouse, Ivan Sadovskyy, Lauri Sainiemi, Sydney Schreppler, Vadim Sidorkin, Amrita Singh, Shilpi Singh, Sarat Sinha, Patrick Sohr, Tomas Stankevic, Lieuwe Stek, Henri Suominen, Judith Suter, Vicky Svidenko, Sam Teicher, Mine Temuerhan, Nivetha Thiyagarajah, Raj Tholapi, Mason Thomas, Emily Toomey, Shivendra Upadhyay, Ivan Urban, Saulius Vaitiekenas, Kevin Van Hoogdalem, David Van Woerkom, Dmitrii V. Viazmitinov, Dominik Vogel, Steven Waddy, John Watson, Joseph Weston, Georg W. Winkler, Chung Kai Yang, Sean Yau, Daniel Yi, Emrah Yucelen, Alex Webster, Ruichen Zhao
Summary: In this study, measurements and simulations of semiconductor-superconductor heterostructure devices were conducted to observe topological superconductivity and Majorana zero modes. The devices were optimized to ensure robustness against nonuniformity and disorder. Experimental results indicate the presence of a topological superconducting phase, which is a prerequisite for experiments involving Majorana zero modes fusion and braiding.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tao Yu, Quanli Liu, Xiang Wang, Xiangjian Liu, Yun Chen, Jens Nielsen
Summary: This study demonstrates the establishment of a synthetic decarboxylation cycle in the yeast cytosol, which enhances the production of reduced chemicals. By implementing rational design, metabolic rewiring, and recombinant expression, the researchers achieved a significant increase in free fatty acid yield.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tingting Xie, Min Chen, Jens Nielsen, Jianye Xia
Summary: The article investigates the previously unreported Crabtree effect under dynamic conditions and finds that citric acid shuttles play an important role in supporting the accumulation of alpha-ketoglutarate during the Crabtree effect.
FEMS YEAST RESEARCH
(2022)
