Article
Physics, Applied
Kazuhiro Mochizuki, Tomoaki Nishimura, Tomoyoshi Mishima
Summary: This study re-evaluates the energy dependence of Al ions in 4H-SiC and its application in cost-effective multi-epitaxial growth. By considering the effect of ion electron stripping, the maximum channeled range of Al in 4H-SiC is successfully reproduced.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Jila Shams-Latifi, Eduardo Pitthan, Philipp Mika Wolf, Daniel Primetzhofer
Summary: This study determines the experimental electronic stopping cross-section of tungsten for low-energy protons, deuterons, and helium ions through backscattering experiments. The results, compared to Monte-Carlo simulations, show a proportionality to the ion velocity. This research is important for understanding the interactions of low-energy ions in tungsten materials.
NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Shifan Wang, Yuan Liu, Aiwen Yang, Qi Zhu, Hua Sun, Po Sun, Bing Yao, Yunxiao Zang, Xihua Du, Liming Dong
Summary: This study successfully synthesized a magnetic xanthate-modified polyvinyl alcohol and chitosan composite (XMPC) for efficient removal and recovery of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The XMPC exhibited good adsorption performance, with the ability to be reused and easily separated through magnetic attraction, making it a promising candidate for heavy metal removal in sewage treatment systems.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Frederic Tessier, Carl K. Ross
Summary: The NRC report PIRS-0626 discusses the use of electron energy deposition spectra to determine electronic stopping power by comparing measured spectra with those calculated using Monte Carlo techniques. The report compares stopping powers obtained using EGS4 and EGSnrc, showing differences mainly at lower electron energies. These differences can impact the estimated stopping power by up to 1% in the worst case.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Li-Qing Zhang, Chong-Hong Zhang, Chen-Chun Hao, Guo-Dong Hu, Zheng-Dong Feng, Yong-Jian Tang, Wen-Kun Zhu, Jian-Yang Li, Qing Huang
Summary: SiC fibers were irradiated with Sn-112(27.3+) ions and the effects on mechanical properties and surface characteristics were studied. Carbon concentration on the fiber surface increased while silicon concentration decreased. The average tensile strength and elastic modulus of the fibers decreased with increasing ion fluence.
NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hao Yang, Feng Li, Ting Xue, Mohammad Rizwan Khan, Xuhan Xia, Rosa Busquets, Hong Gao, Yi Dong, Wenhu Zhou, Ruijie Deng
Summary: Lead contamination in the environment can cause serious health issues in humans. This study proposed a new method for sensitive detection of lead contamination using CRISPR technology. By combining two enzymes, the sensitivity of the detection was improved by 6.1 times compared to the original DNAzyme. The method can discriminate lead from interfering ions and can be performed at room temperature.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Kazuhiro Mochizuki, Tomoaki Nishimura, Tomoyoshi Mishima
Summary: The electronic stopping cross sections of 4H-SiC for random-ion implantations of Al in a range of 2-26 MeV were estimated based on the dependence of the projected range on the ion implantation energy. The estimated cross sections were found to be larger than the reported values along the <0001> direction and proportional to the square root of the ion energy for E < 10 MeV. For E ranging from 10 to 26 MeV, the estimated cross sections saturated around 5 x 10(-13) eV cm(2) atom(-1), indicating the existence of the Bethe-Bloch region, where the cross sections decrease with increasing ion energy, at E > 26 MeV.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xixi Qi, Fabien Bruneval, Ivan Maliyov
Summary: In this study, we report the prediction of a negative Barkas effect in lithium fluoride (LiF) insulator, where the stopping power of antiprotons is found to be greater than that of protons. We attribute this phenomenon to the destabilization of a specific p orbital of the F- anion by slow encountering antiprotons.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
J. El Asri, O. El Bounagui, N. Tahiri, A. Chetaine, H. Erramli
Summary: The electronic stopping powers of LR-115 and Kapton polymeric foils have been estimated for different ions using Monte Carlo simulations, showing large deviations from SRIM and MSTAR codes. A semiempirical equation has been proposed for better stopping power calculations at low-energy regime. Calculated stopping powers for Be-9 and O-16 ions exhibit deviations from experimental values and MSTAR data.
Article
Optics
Y. Sarkis, A. Aguilar-Arevalo, J. C. D'Olivo
Summary: We calculate the nuclear recoil ionization efficiency in silicon using an improved version of Lindhard's theory. Our model considers the breaking of atomic bonds as a function of initial ionic energy, interatomic potential, and the average energy for ion-vacancy pair production. We also incorporate descriptions of electronic stopping and straggling effects, charge screening, and Coulomb repulsion between ions. Our model accurately describes the available data across a wide range of nuclear recoil energies.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Abir Boubir, Ster Mammeri, Amel Dib, Hakim Ammi, Mandla Msimanga, Abdelhamid Bouldjedri, Christopher Matshali, Nkosi Mlungisi
Summary: The sputtering of silicon dioxide thin films on silicon substrates irradiated by swift heavy ions was investigated by experiment and numerical modeling. The results showed an increase in sputtering yields with increasing electronic energy loss. The synergy between electronic and nuclear energy loss processes inducing sputtering at low incident energies was discussed through comparison of experimental and numerical data.
SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Amanda Kulpa-Koterwa, Jacek Ryl, Karolina Gornicka, Pawel Niedzialkowski
Summary: Magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2-cyclen nanoparticles were synthesized and used for the removal of Cd2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+ ions from aqueous solution. The nanoparticles showed high adsorption efficiency and capacity, with better performance in individual ion solutions.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
S. Ourabah, M. Chekirine, R. Khelifi, B. Bouzid
Summary: The study calculated the effective charge parameters of Li-7, C-12, and O-16 ions in various materials using experimental data and compared the results with theoretical calculations, resulting in a global fit equation that accurately reproduced the experimental data.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alina Kononov, Andre Schleife
Summary: Using first-principles calculations, the study uncovers and explains a new type of anomalous low-velocity stopping effect in proton-irradiated graphene, attributing it to enhanced electron capture from sigma- and pi-orbitals. The analysis of electron emission suggests that backward emission is more sensitive to proton trajectory, potentially leading to higher contrast images in ion microscopy. For slow protons, a steep drop in emission is observed, consistent with predictions from analytical models.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Xiaotian Guo, Jie Tang, Haotian Chang, Yunzhou Zhu, Yuquan Wei, Xiulan Hu, Zhengren Huang, Yong Yang
Summary: This study successfully prepared SiC ceramic composites with complex shapes and high flexural strength by combining digital light processing (DLP) and reactive solution infiltration process (RMI). A low-absorbance SiO2 cladding layer was formed on the surface of SiC powder, and a photosensitive ceramic slurry with improved curing properties was formulated. Ceramic green bodies were molded using DLP, and then sintered and densified to obtain SiC ceramic composites with desired properties. This approach can effectively reduce the manufacturing cycle and cost of SiC ceramic composites.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yanwen Zhang, Lumin Wang, William J. Weber
Summary: Many multicomponent concentrated solid solution alloys (CSAs), including high-entropy alloys (HEAs), have shown improved radiation resistance and enhanced structural stability in harsh environments. Ion and electron beams are commonly used to create displacement damage for studying and assessing the irradiation resistance of nuclear materials. Various analysis techniques, such as ion beam analysis, electron microscopy, and positron annihilation spectroscopy, have been employed to characterize irradiated CSAs or HEAs and gain insights into defect formation and microstructural changes. However, caution is needed when extrapolating ion irradiation results for reactor evaluations due to differences between ions and neutrons. Bridging the gap between neutron and ion radiation effects studies is crucial for advancing fundamental understandings and practical applications in the development of structural alloys for advanced reactors.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Boopathy Kombaiah, Yufan Zhou, Ke Jin, Anus Manzoor, Jonathan D. Poplawsky, Jeffery A. Aguiar, Hongbin Bei, Dilpuneet S. Aidhy, Philip D. Edmondson, Yanwen Zhang
Summary: High-entropy alloys (HEAs) exhibit good radiation tolerance, but some HEAs suffer from considerable void swelling at high radiation damage levels, limiting their application in advanced nuclear reactor concepts. By introducing Cu-rich nanoprecipitates and corresponding coherent interfaces in the HEA matrix, the void swelling resistance of the alloy can be significantly improved. Experiments and simulations demonstrate that the high-density interfaces of the nanoprecipitates facilitate the effective recombination of radiation-produced vacancies and interstitials.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
L. Mei, Q. Zhang, Y. Dou, E. G. Fu, L. Li, S. Chen, Y. Dong, X. Guo, X. He, W. Yang, Y. Xue, K. Jin
Summary: The microstructural and mechanical property changes induced by 6 MeV titanium ion irradiation are comparatively investigated between VTaTi and V. It is found that the aggregation of irradiation induced defect clusters is strongly suppressed in VTaTi compared to V, with much smaller defect size. Moreover, the loops in VTaTi are <100>-type while those in V are mainly 1/2<111>-type. Nanoindentation tests further demonstrate that VTaTi has significantly weaker irradiation hardening than V, indicating improved irradiation resistance.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
D. Iancu, E. Zarkadoula, M. D. Mihai, C. Burducea, I Burducea, M. Straticiuc, Y. Zhang, W. J. Weber, G. Velisa
Summary: This study investigates the interactions between ions and defective KTaO3 by irradiating pre-damaged single crystal KTaO3 with different ions. The results show that a synergistic interaction between the ions and defects can create amorphous ion tracks when the inelastic electronic energy loss exceeds a certain threshold. Additionally, a transition from irradiation-induced disorder production to ionization-induced damage recovery processes is observed with further increase in ion fluence.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Xue Yin, Yan-Kun Dou, Xin-Fu He, Ke Jin, Cheng-Long Wang, Ya-Guang Dong, Cun-Yong Wang, Yun-Fei Xue, Wen Yang
Summary: The addition of Nb in TiVTa refractory high-entropy alloy significantly improves impact toughness and strengthens the resistance to crack initiation and propagation. TiVTaNb alloy exhibits larger bending degree of shear lips, deeper dimples, and more secondary cracks, effectively dissipating more impact energy. The deformation mechanism of TiVTaNb is synergized by dislocation activities and deformation twinning, contributing to improved impact properties and stronger crack resistance under impact loading.
ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA-ENGLISH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shengyuan Peng, Yihan Wang, Xin Yi, Yifan Zhang, Ying Liu, Yangyang Cheng, Huiling Duan, Qing Huang, Jianming Xue
Summary: In this study, Cr2AlC single crystal samples were irradiated and their mechanical properties were measured. The results showed that new slip traces were activated after irradiation, and both the yield strength and Young's modulus decreased gradually with increasing irradiation doses, indicating a significant radiation softening effect. This softening effect may be the result of irradiation-induced vacancies, supported by DFT calculations. These findings suggest that MAX phases like Cr2AlC have excellent irradiation tolerance regarding mechanical properties and are promising candidate materials for advanced nuclear systems.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
G. Velisa, F. Granberg, E. Levo, Y. Zhou, Z. Fan, H. Bei, F. Tuomisto, K. Nordlund, F. Djurabekova, W. J. Weber, Y. Zhang
Summary: Systematic temperature-effects investigations on damage evolution in ion-irradiated Ni-based concentrated solid-solution alloys are crucial for ensuring their reliability in nuclear applications. By comparing experimental and theoretical data on equiatomic NiFe, NiCoCr, and NiCoFeCr alloys, as well as new ion channeling results on ion-irradiated NiCoFeCr at 500 K, we suggest that the lower migration energy of vacancies in NiCoCr is the reason why it is no longer outperforming NiFe under ion irradiation above 300 K, as supported by independent theoretical calculations and TEM results from the literature.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ya Zhang, Daliang Ning, Linwei Wu, Mengting Maggie Yuan, Xishu Zhou, Xue Guo, Yuanliang Hu, Siyang Jian, Zhifeng Yang, Shun Han, Jiajie Feng, Jialiang Kuang, Carolyn R. Cornell, Colin T. Bates, Yupeng Fan, Jonathan P. Michael, Yang Ouyang, Jiajing Guo, Zhipeng Gao, Zheng Shi, Naijia Xiao, Ying Fu, Aifen Zhou, Liyou Wu, Xueduan Liu, Yunfeng Yang, James M. Tiedje, Jizhong Zhou
Summary: The authors investigated the response of Archaea to experimental warming in a tallgrass prairie ecosystem and found that warming led to reduced diversity and convergent succession in the archaeal community. They also observed changes in ecosystem function. Although stochastic processes dominated community changes, their importance decreased over time. This study highlights the importance of understanding the temporal succession of ecological communities and the mechanisms underlying their responses to climate warming. The findings provide insights into the response of the Archaea domain to warming, which is still poorly understood.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. L. Crespillo, J. T. Graham, W. J. Weber, F. Agullo-Lopez
Summary: The effects of ion beams on bulk silica at low temperature were investigated to understand the formation of defect structures, non-bridging oxygen hole centers (NBOHCs) and oxygen deficient centers (ODCs), via the generation of free carriers and self-trapped excitons (STEs). Ion beam induced luminescence (IL) spectra were obtained using different ion types and cryogenic irradiation temperatures. The kinetics of three emission bands centered at different energies revealed the physical origin and mechanisms underlying these emissions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jingjing Zhang, Shang Chen, Guoshuai Du, Yunfei Yu, Wuxiao Han, Qinglin Xia, Ke Jin, Yabin Chen
Summary: Black arsenic (b-As) with unique orientation dependent mechanical properties has attracted attention, but experimental research on its mechanical properties is rare. This study demonstrates highly anisotropic elastic properties of b-As through experimental observations, providing significant insights into the design of novel anisotropic materials and their potential applications in nanomechanics and nanodevices.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Huaqing Huang, Linxin Guo, Yunbiao Zhao, Shengyuan Peng, Wenjun Ma, Xinwei Wang, Jianming Xue
Summary: This study reports a proton detector based on the methylammonium lead tribromide (MAPbBr3) perovskite single crystal, which demonstrates remarkable radiation tolerance. The detector can quantitatively monitor fluence rate and dose up to a high dose of 45 kGy with a low bias electric field. Furthermore, the detector exhibits a desirable self-healing characteristic, rapidly recovering its dark current after irradiation, enhancing its radiation tolerance. These findings suggest that the perovskite-based proton detector shows great promise for future applications in proton therapy, proton radiography, etc.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
D. Kalita, I. Jozwik, L. Kurpaska, Y. Zhang, K. Mulewska, W. Chrominski, J. O'Connell, Y. Ge, W. L. Boldman, P. D. Rack, Y. Wang, W. J. Weber, J. Jagielski
Summary: The microstructure and nanohardness of a high entropy alloy were investigated, and its response to He+ irradiation was explored. The alloy exhibited a complex microstructure and high nanohardness. The damage under irradiation was found to proceed by the nucleation of bubbles rather than their growth.
NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. D. Mihai, D. Iancu, E. Zarkadoula, R. A. Florin, Y. Tong, Y. Zhang, W. J. Weber, G. Velisa
Summary: Systematic investigations of electronic energy loss effects on pre-existing defects in crystalline silicon are crucial to ensure the reliability of ionizing irradiation for annealing pre-existing defects, which is important for the fabrication of Si-based devices.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shouzhe Dong, Changqing Guo, Chengchao Hu, Jing Wang, Deshan Liang, Xiaoming Shi, Ke Jin, Houbing Huang
Summary: This research aims to construct a unique multi-state storage device as well as to indicate the morphology is a new degree of freedom for manipulating the voltage-driven dynamics of skyrmions, giving a fresh way to create nanoscale magnetoelectric coupling-based memory, logic, sensor, and other devices.