Article
Physics, Applied
Thomas Riedl, Vinay S. Kunnathully, Akshay K. Verma, Timo Langer, Dirk Reuter, Bjoern Bueker, Andreas Huetten, Joerg K. N. Lindner
Summary: A process for the large-area fabrication of nanopillar-patterned semiconductor templates for selective-area heteroepitaxy has been developed. The growth of defect-free nanoscale InAs islands on the nanopillar tops has been observed using electron microscopy.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yongjun Zhang, Hailong Zhou, Lijun Liang
Summary: Ordered heterojunction nanocap arrays composed of bilayer film Ag/ZnS were prepared by magnetron control sputtering on ordered two-dimensional polystyrene bead arrays, with surface morphologies tuned by changing ZnS thickness. UV-VIS spectra showed shifted LSPR peaks with ZnS thickness, and SERS observations confirmed the charge transfer process for varied electromagnetic couplings with changing ZnS thickness.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Seong Won Kim, Sangsik Park, Siyoung Lee, Daegun Kim, Giwon Lee, Jonghyun Son, Kilwon Cho
Summary: Researchers have successfully developed a stretchable high-performance organic semiconductor thin film by patterning and pinning a polymer semiconductor solution on an elastomeric substrate. This thin film exhibits superior stretchability and charge transport performance, making it suitable for applications in soft electronics.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shasha Ke, Yun-Mei Li, Wen-Kai Lou, Kai Chang
Summary: We propose a new method to generate pure magnon valley currents in ferromagnetic thin films with triangular antidot lattices. Inhomogeneous distortions can generate pseudomagnetic fields up to 60 T for magnons, resulting in well-defined Landau levels. The oppositely directed pseudomagnetic fields push magnons at different valleys K and K' transversely to opposite directions, leading to magnon valley Hall effect and forming pure magnon valley edge currents. Moreover, oppositely directed pseudomagnetic fields result in magnon snake states at the center of the ribbon, forming pure magnon valley currents. Our work may provide a new way to manipulate magnon transport using artificially designed structures.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dewang Huo, Xinyan Ma, Hang Su, Chao Wang, Hua Zhao
Summary: This paper proposes a thin metasurface perfect absorber based on TiN, achieving near-perfect absorption throughout the visible regime with broad absorption bandwidth. Resonances from a nanodisk array further broaden the high absorption bandwidth of the metasurface.
Article
Polymer Science
Nandini Bhandaru, Rabibrata Mukherjee
Summary: In this study, dewetting of a thin polymer bilayer consisting of a stacked polystyrene (PS) film on top of a topographically patterned poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bottom layer on a nonwettable substrate results in a myriad of partially or fully ordered patterns. The local thicknesses of the thinnest parts of both layers collectively influence the evolution pathway and extent of ordering in the final dewetted features. Different values of h(R-PMMA) and h(T-PS) lead to different morphologies of ordered structures during the dewetting process.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sergey Grachev, Quentin Herault, Jun Wang, Matteo Balestrieri, Herve Montigaud, Remi Lazzari, Iryna Gozhyk
Summary: This study proposes a new method, PReMC, which combines the grid reflection method, digital image correlation algorithm, and geometrical optics model to accurately measure the curvature change of a smooth reflecting substrate and analyze the residual stress during deposition processes. The method achieves high resolution and dynamic range and is capable of mapping local variations in non-uniform curvature.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yanshuang Ba, Xiaoping Xie, Weidong Zhu, Junxiao Ma, Gang Liu, Peng Dong, Dazheng Chen, Jincheng Zhang, Chunfu Zhang, Yue Hao
Summary: In this study, Cs2PbI2Cl2 nanowires were grown onto a PbI2 film using an in situ, seed-free solution method, forming a Cs2PbI2Cl2 nanowires/PbI2 heterojunction. This heterojunction was used to fabricate a self-powered photodetector with superior performance in terms of responsivity, detectivity, and response speed.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Boris Chesca, Daniel John, Robin Cantor
Summary: The article discusses the performance of Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) arrays in a coherent voltage-modulation state and proposes solutions to tackle the issue of highly inhomogeneous magnetic fields along the array. The study presents a methodology to assess signal coupling efficiency while maintaining a highly coherent state, showcasing successful experimental results with increased magnetic flux noise sensitivity and improved operational efficiency.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Heng Zuo, Ralf Heilmann, Mark Schattenburg
Summary: This paper presents a method for mirror figure correction and stress compensation using femtosecond laser micromachining technique, which successfully generates isotropic and anisotropic stress states on thin flat silicon mirrors for future space-based x-ray telescopes. The study shows how femtosecond lasers can selectively modify stress states on mirror surfaces, providing a beneficial approach for high-throughput correction of thin-shell mirrors in space applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zeno Schumacher, Rasa Rejali, Megan Cowie, Andreas Spielhofer, Yoichi Miyahara, Peter Grutter
Summary: Inducing an inversion layer in organic semiconductors is a critical achievement for producing OFET devices, and a new pulsed bias technique is developed to characterize the dopant type of different organic material systems. This technique accurately identifies n-doping in pentacene/PTCDI heterostructure, demonstrating that nanometer-scale lateral extent and thickness are sufficient for an OFET device to operate in the inversion regime.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuemin Wang, Xingang Li, Xiangqiao Yan, Shuliang Dou, Yao Li, Lei Wang
Summary: Vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films of various thicknesses were prepared by adjusting the deposition time. The impact of deposition time on the microstructure, surface morphology, and cross-section morphology was investigated. The grain size was found to increase with the film thickness. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a transition from compressive to tensile stress as the film thickness increased, which could be explained by changes in the dominant mechanism for residual stress, including growth stress, atomic shot peening, and the effect of grain size and grain boundary density on film growth.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Fathi M. Abdullah, Meng H. Loke, Mohd Nawawi, Khiruddin Abdullah, Abdellatif Younis, Arisona Arisona
Summary: Through the study on Penang Island, it was found that optimized resistivity arrays are more effective in resolving shallow geological features compared to conventional resistivity arrays. The optimized arrays performed better in detecting fracture zones and interface positions, while the conventional arrays showed poorer results.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shiyong Zhang, Yongqiang Duan, Liqiang Zhong, Hongyan Liu, Minghua Wang, Xiaohui Chen
Summary: This study revealed that salinity stress has a significant impact on the growth, survival, and antioxidant system of channel catfish. It was found that amino acid metabolism genes were significantly up-regulated in the low salt stress group, immune response genes were significantly up-regulated in the high salt stress group, and fatty acid metabolism genes were significantly up-regulated in both groups.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Se Jin Kim, Geonoh Choe, Tae Kyu An, Yong Jin Jeong
Summary: This study optimized photo-curable zinc acrylate (ZnA) films as ZnO precursors and successfully prepared photo-patterned ZnO semiconductors, providing a new approach to solve the patterning issues of solution-processed ZnO films.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Thomas R. Koenig, Zhaoxia Rao, Eric Chason, Garritt J. Tucker, Gregory B. Thompson
Summary: The study investigates the stress and microstructural evolution of Ni thin films under various sputtering conditions. A kinetic model is used to understand the factors contributing to the intrinsic stress development and their relationship with microstructure. It was found that bimodal grain size distribution in films deposited at the lowest pressure deviated from the model's predictions, impacting the overall fit of the model to experimental data.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Christopher M. Miller, H. Keo Springer
Summary: The study investigates the shock initiation of an HMX-based explosive due to thin flyer impact, using mesoscale simulations to generate microstructural samples and comparing the shock response with experiments. A modified Arrhenius-based chemical kinetics model is employed, along with a simplified shock initiation criterion based on cross-sectional temperature profiles. An inverse correlation is found between shock pressure and the confidence interval of the experimental threshold velocity.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Nupur Jain, Xincheng Wang, Piyush Jagtap, Allan Bower, Eric Chason
Summary: The recent publication describes real-time observations of stress-driven whisker nucleation and growth in a thin film of Sn subjected to pressure, with the model predictions closely matching experimental measurements. The study establishes a threshold stress for whisker growth, which increases with whisker length before reaching a saturated value. Implications for whisker growth in Sn films on Cu substrates are discussed.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Christopher Coffelt, Daniel Olsen, Christopher Miller, Min Zhou
Summary: This study investigates the influence of void location within different constituents in the microstructures of polymer-bonded explosives (PBX) on the shock-to-detonation transition. Three-dimensional mesoscale simulations are used to examine the shock initiation sensitivity of PBX with voids placed within the reactive grains versus the polymer binder. The results reveal that void location significantly affects the detonation behavior of PBX, with voids exclusively within the grains causing greater sensitivity.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
J. H. Bae, L. B. Bayu Aji, S. J. Shin, A. M. Engwall, M. H. Nielsen, A. A. Baker, S. K. McCall, J. D. Moody, S. O. Kucheyev
Summary: Gold-tantalum alloy films deposited by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering show properties affected by substrate tilt and bias, with increased tilt leading to decreased film thickness, density, compressive stress, and electrical conductivity. Substrate bias influences the formation of body-centered cubic phase, affecting film properties such as density, electrical conductivity, and residual stress. The changes observed are attributed to metal atom ionization effects rather than distributions of energies and angles, enabling control over properties for specific applications.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
L. B. Bayu Aji, S. J. Shin, J. H. Bae, A. M. Engwall, J. A. Hammons, X. Lepro, N. Catarineu, P. B. Mirkarimi, S. O. Kucheyev
Summary: The influence of substrate temperature on the properties of B4C films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering was systematically studied. The results showed that the properties of the films are weakly dependent on the substrate temperature within a certain temperature range. However, within this range, an increase in substrate temperature leads to larger residual compressive stress and a reduction in nanoscale inhomogeneities.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
S. J. Shin, L. B. Bayu Aji, J. H. Bae, A. M. Engwall, M. H. Nielsen, J. A. Hammons, X. B. Zuo, B. Lee, X. Lepro, P. B. Mirkarimi, S. O. Kucheyev
Summary: The study investigated the effect of substrate tilt on properties of boron carbide (B4C) films, and found that films are amorphous and columnar with an average column width of around 100 nm regardless of substrate tilt. Results also showed that substrate tilt affects film density, residual stress, and refractive index to a certain extent, while oxygen impurities preferentially bond with carbon atoms in inter-columnar regions. Substrate tilt significantly impacts mechanical properties, leading to a decrease of about 50% in interconnection between nano-columns.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
S. J. Shin, L. B. Bayu Aji, A. M. Engwall, J. H. Bae, A. A. Baker, J. D. Moody, S. O. Kucheyev
Summary: By adjusting the oxygen content, we studied the electrical resistivity characteristics and the transition of conduction mechanism of Au-Ta-O films, providing a new thin film material alternative for hohlraums in magnetically assisted inertial confinement fusion.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
L. B. Bayu Aji, A. M. Engwall, S. J. Shin, J. H. Bae, A. A. Baker, D. J. Strozzi, S. K. McCall, J. D. Moody, S. O. Kucheyev
Summary: This study investigates the deposition of Au-Bi alloy films using direct current magnetron sputtering and characterizes the films using various techniques. The films are found to be polycrystalline, consisting of Au, Au2Bi, and Bi crystallographic phases. Films with high Bi content exhibit porosity.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Zhaoxia Rao, Tong Su, Thomas Koenig, Gregory B. Thompson, Diederik Depla, Eric Chason
Summary: The stress evolution of TiN, ZrN, and TaN films during reactive DC magnetron sputtering deposition was measured using a wafer curvature technique. The results show that the stress in each material is influenced by factors such as pressure, growth rate, and gas flow rate. Lower pressures lead to more compressive stress, and increasing the gas flow rate of N-2 enhances compressive stress generation in TaN.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. M. Engwall, L. B. Bayu Aji, S. J. Shin, A. A. Baker, J. H. Bae, S. K. McCall, J. D. Moody, S. O. Kucheyev
Summary: This article describes the process of manufacturing gold-tantalum alloy coatings using direct current magnetron sputter deposition, and discusses in detail the impact of deposition parameters on film microstructure and properties. Experimental findings are correlated with simulation results, and it is found that low-energy depositing species favor the formation of a specific phase.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Piyush Jagtap, Nupur Jain, Allan Bower, Eric Chason
Summary: Whisker formation in metallic coatings has been extensively studied, with stress generally accepted as the driving force behind whisker growth. However, this paper presents experiments that demonstrate the ability to control whisker growth by applying and removing mechanical load. The observed linear growth during loading, cessation of growth upon load removal, and resumption of growth with load reapplication are explained using finite element analysis and growth rate predictions. These results have important implications for stress-related applications of coatings, such as fasteners or thermal cycling.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tong Su, Zhaoxia Rao, Sarah Berman, Diederik Depla, Eric Chason
Summary: Many published studies have quantified film stress evolution for different processing conditions and deposition methods. In this study, data from multiple wafer curvature measurements are analyzed to develop a comprehensive picture of the processes that control film stress. A kinetic model is used and the parameters controlling the stress for each material are determined through non-linear least squares fitting. The resulting parameters are evaluated by comparing with values estimated from the underlying physical mechanisms.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Jonathan A. Johnson, Tong Su, Eric Chason, Gregory B. Thompson
Summary: In this study, a series of W films were deposited at different deposition rates and pressures. The stress of the films was found to increase at higher deposition rates. The films deposited at higher pressures showed tensile stress and stabilized the beta-W phase, while films deposited at lower pressures showed compressive stress and stabilized the alpha-W phase. The phase state of the subsequent W layer was determined by the phase state of the seed layer, indicating that nucleation plays a crucial role.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Meng Zhang, Zhaoxia Rao, Kyung-Suk Kim, Yue Qi, Liang Fang, Kun Sun, Eric Chason
Summary: The study used molecular dynamics simulations to analyze the defects and stress in polycrystalline Mo thin films caused by low energy Ar bombardment. It was found that grain boundaries enhance the production of interstitial defects, leading to compressive stress at much larger depths than the implantation range. Varying the grain size and kinetic energy of incoming particles affects the number of interstitials in the film, subsequently impacting the compressive stress.