Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Z. Ovadyahu
Summary: This article reports a feature observed in the electron-glass phase of InxO, characterized by a broad peak in field-effect measurements. The feature can be turned on and off by gate-voltage maneuvering, indicating its relevance to charge arrangements. It can be suppressed by temperature, non-Ohmic field, or infrared illumination, and reappears after system relaxation. Interestingly, the phenomenon disappears when the carrier concentration exceeds a certain value.
Article
Physics, Applied
K. Sumita, K. Toprasertpong, M. Takenaka, S. Takagi
Summary: (English Summary:)
In this study, the interface trap density inside the conduction band of (111)-oriented InAs-on-insulator nMOSFET was experimentally evaluated using a novel method. The energy distributions of the interface trap density were found to be independent of the channel thickness and quantization energy, indicating the validity of the proposed evaluation method. Additionally, the experimental results revealed a higher surface electron density at the InAs MOS interface compared to In0.53Ga0.47As MOS interfaces due to lower interface trap density inside the InAs conduction band.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Economics
Adriana Quezada Larriva, Daniel Orellana, Maria Laura Guerrero Balarezo, Javier Andres Garcia, Galo Cardenas Villenas, Pablo Osorio Guerrero
Summary: One of the main challenges for cities is to ensure equal accessibility to urban opportunities. While many cities are developing mass public transport systems to overcome the accessibility gap, little information is available on their impact on different population groups, especially those with low accessibility. This study proposes a replicable methodology to measure the impact of public transport projects on overall accessibility and accessibility gap for different socioeconomic groups. Using this methodology, the impact of implementing the First Metro Line in Quito, Ecuador was analyzed, showing an increase in overall accessibility but with more modest effects on the accessibility gap, particularly at long travel times. The study argues that incorporating this type of analysis in the early planning phases of public transport projects can lead to better planning, design decisions, and informed public debate on sustainable mobility investments.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT GEOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Andre L. M. Freitas, Aryane Tofanello, Flavio L. Souza, Yat Li
Summary: Understanding the solid-liquid interface and charge carrier dynamic of hematite is crucial for its application as a photoanode in a photoelectrochemical cell. Scientists are working on developing a low-cost and scalable strategy to overcome these challenges. Surface modification of hematite using ultrasonic treatment (UST) has shown promising results, especially in creating favorable oxygen evolution sites on thicker photoanodes. However, the stress induced at the hematite-FTO interface from mechanical treatment may have negative effects on thinner photoanodes.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Boyu Xu, Dan Guo, Weikang Dong, Huiying Gao, Peng Zhu, Zhiwei Wang, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Zhaochu Luo, Fawei Zheng, Shoujun Zheng, Jiadong Zhou
Summary: A new van der Waals short-term memory with tunable memory windows and retention times has been reported, where the thickness of the memory is exponentially proportional to the retention time. The memory can switch between positive photoconductance and negative photoconductance, and has a tunable photo response.
Article
Physics, Applied
Shantonio W. Birch, Kevin P. Pipe
Summary: A model considering the effects of thermal disorder is developed to predict the thermoelectric performance of weakly bonded semiconductors. The model fits well with experimental results and reveals that dynamic disorder lowers electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermoelectric power factor compared to static disorder models. The model also shows that the Seebeck coefficient exhibits nonlinear behavior and there is a critical carrier concentration at which thermoelectric transport transitions from trap-limited to conventional band behavior.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ruipeng Hou, Hui Li, Mengjuan Diao, Yanhui Sun, Ying Liang, Zhiyang Yu, Zhipeng Huang, Chi Zhang
Summary: The study demonstrates that electrochemical activation can effectively modulate the broadband third-order nonlinear absorption of nanoporous tungsten oxide thin film, showing competitive and convenient performance. The fast and effective introduction and removal of defects in the porous film enable the quick and broad modulation of optical nonlinearity, providing a controllable approach for tuning materials' nonlinear absorption.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ming-Pei Lu, Yung-Ting Chang, Wei-Hao Peng, Ming-Yen Lu, Lih-Juann Chen
Summary: Mechanical exfoliation allows cost-efficient preparation of two-dimensional layered materials, but correlating surface morphology with electrical characteristics has been challenging. In this study, TiS3 nanoribbons prepared through mechanical exfoliation showed a correlation between electrical conductivity and surface roughness, rather than thickness. The unique behavior of electrical conductivity in the nanoribbons was significantly influenced by temperature and surface roughness, with field-effect electron mobilities revealing a transition in mobility scattering mechanisms with increasing roughness. Simple measurements of surface morphologies can provide insight into the fundamental electrical properties of exfoliated layered flakes, potentially expanding the use of layered materials in semiconductor applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tomohiro Fukushima, Soushi Yoshimitsu, Kei Murakoshi
Summary: The study demonstrates that modifications of the dynamic hydration structure can alter ion dynamics and conductivity. Vibrational strong coupling is shown to modify the friction experienced by hydrated ions and promote charge transport. This research reveals the potential role of polaritons in designing materials with enhanced ionic conduction.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jingyu Park, Shinyoung Park, Jun Tae Jang, Sung-Jin Choi, Dong Myong Kim, Jong-Ho Bae, Hong Jae Shin, Yun Sik Jeong, Jong Uk Bae, Chang Ho Oh, Changwook Kim, Dae Hwan Kim
Summary: The linearity of the top-gate voltage-swept threshold voltage with back-gate voltage is essential in amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide thin-film transistors. This study investigates the influence of positive bias stress on the linearity and explains the non-linearity based on excessive oxygen-related defect creation.
IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wei Shangguan, Cuixia Yan, Wenqing Li, Chen Long, Liming Liu, Chenchen Qi, Qiuyang Li, Yan Zhou, Yurou Guan, Lei Gao, Jinming Cai
Summary: A new class of two-dimensional semiconductor materials with a wide band gap, excellent stability, and high mobility has been discovered. These materials have great potential for applications in optics and electronic devices.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Andrew W. Jackura
Summary: This work presents two methodologies connecting relativistic three-particle scattering amplitudes with lattice QCD spectra. It provides a simple proof of the relativistic effective field theory form of the scattering equations directly from unitarity. The authors propose quantization conditions that relate the finite-volume energy spectra to the K-matrices, obtaining known results for three identical particles and offering a new pathway for generalizing the results to arbitrary systems.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yonghyun Albert Kwon, Jihyun Kim, Sae Byeok Jo, Dong Gue Roe, Dongjoon Rhee, Younguk Song, Byoungwoo Kang, Dohun Kim, Jeongmin Kim, Dae Woo Kim, Moon Sung Kang, Joohoon Kang, Jeong Ho Cho
Summary: Arrays of thin-film transistors can be fabricated on a large scale using solution-based processing of Molybdenum Disulfide and Sodium-embedded Alumina inks. This method yields devices with high carrier mobility at room temperature. However, existing solution processing methods often have a trade-off between scalability and material quality.
NATURE ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lijie Wang, Hong Wang, Razan Nughays, Wojciech Ogieglo, Jun Yin, Luis Gutierrez-Arzaluz, Xinyuan Zhang, Jian-Xin Wang, Ingo Pinnau, Osman M. Bakr, Omar F. Mohammed
Summary: This study reveals the significant contribution of hot phonons to the photo-induced transient bandgap renormalization in MAPbBr(3) single crystals, as evidenced by asymmetric spectral evolutions and transient reflection spectral shifts in the picosecond timescale. Moreover, it identifies a strong correlation between surface charge carrier diffusion and transient bandgap renormalization in time. These findings highlight the need to re-evaluate current theories on photo-induced bandgap renormalization and provide a new approach for precisely controlling the optical and electronic properties of perovskite materials, enabling the design and fabrication of high-performance optoelectronic devices with exceptional efficiency and unique properties.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Suvodeep Paul, Saheb Karak, Annie Mathew, Ankita Ram, Surajit Saha
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the phonon properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) MoS2 and MoTe2, examining the effects of temperature, laser excitations, polarization, and flake thickness on phonon characteristics. The anharmonicity variations are explained in terms of phonon symmetries, electron-phonon coupling, and phonon-phonon interactions. Furthermore, the impact of the underlying substrate on the anharmonic properties of in-plane and out-of-plane phonons is estimated, elucidating the intrinsic phonon properties of two-dimensional layered materials.
