Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sohyun Lee, Nanjoo Park, Sujung Yun, Eunseon Hur, Jiwon Song, Hanna Lee, Yongsug Kim, Sangryeol Ryu
Summary: The study identified the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in Salmonella enterica isolated from human salmonellosis patients in South Korea, with fluoroquinolone resistance mainly attributed to Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- and Salmonella Typhimurium carrying the qnr gene.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Daiqi Shang, Hang Zhao, Xuebin Xu, Kannappan Arunachalam, Jiang Chang, Ling Bai, Chunlei Shi
Summary: This study identified the presence of diverse mobile genetic elements in multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium strains, including plasmids and integrons, which play a crucial role in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes. Through PCR amplification, conjugation experiments, and gene sequencing, the study clarified the relationship between these elements and their mechanisms of spread in resistant bacteria.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Aqsa Shaheen, Anam Tariq, Mazhar Iqbal, Osman Mirza, Abdul Haque, Thomas Walz, Moazur Rahman
Summary: Quinolone resistance in bacterial pathogens is primarily associated with mutations in specific regions of bacterial DNA enzymes. Research has been conducted on these mutations in Salmonella isolates globally, with efforts to understand the prevalence of these mutations in different serovars.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hyeeun Park, Jinshil Kim, Sangryeol Ryu, Byeonghwa Jeon
Summary: PMQR genes are frequently detected in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from retail raw chicken in South Korea, posing a public health concern.
FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anamaria Mota Pereira dos Santos, Pedro Panzenhagen, Rafaela G. Ferrari, Ana Carolina S. de Jesus, Ana Beatriz Portes, Alan Clavelland Ochioni, Dalia dos Prazeres Rodrigues, Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
Summary: This study conducted a genomic analysis of Salmonella Isangi isolated from poultry in Brazil and compared it with available genomes. The results showed that Salmonella Isangi exhibits multidrug resistance, including resistance to cephalosporins, posing a potential risk to public health worldwide. The study highlights the importance of monitoring rare serovars that may become emergent due to multidrug resistance.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yan-Yan Zhou, Li-Yan Ma, Li Yu, Xin Lu, Wei-Li Liang, Biao Kan, Jian-Rong Su
Summary: In this study, the prevalence of quinolone resistance related genes among V. cholerae O139 strains isolated in China was investigated. It was found that eight strains carried the qnrVC gene, which encodes a pentapeptide repeat protein belonging to the Qnr subfamily. However, strains carrying certain qnrVC alleles showed sensitivity to ciprofloxacin, while the strain carrying qnrVC9 exhibited high resistance. It was also discovered that the qnrVC9 gene was carried on a small plasmid which could be horizontally transferred among Vibrio species.
Article
Microbiology
Dong Chan Moon, Su-Jeong Kim, Abraham Fikru Mechesso, Hee Young Kang, Hyun-Ju Song, Ji-Hyun Choi, Soon-Seek Yoon, Suk-Kyung Lim
Summary: The study revealed the presence of colistin resistance in food animals in South Korea, with only one Salmonella Typhimurium carrying the mcr-1 gene identified. This highlights the importance of regular screening in food animals to prevent the spread of mcr-1-bearing S. Typhimurium to humans.
Article
Microbiology
Bill Kwan-Wai Chan, Marcus Ho-Yin Wong, Edward Wai-Chi Chan, Sheng Chen
Summary: The coexistence of oqxAB and aac(6')-Ib-cr is associated with fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella. This study found that plasmid-encoded oqxAB gene only mediates fluoroquinolone resistance when it coexists with aac(6')-Ib-cr. The truncated promoter region in the plasmid-encoded oqxAB gene leads to lower expression of the suppressor oqxR, resulting in overexpression of oqxAB and increased fluoroquinolone resistance.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yinxia Li, Yaowen Zhang, Maoyi Chen, Jie Hu, Haoran Zhang, Ying Xiang, Haiyan Yang, Shaofu Qiu, Hongbin Song
Summary: The study identified a multidrug-resistant Salmonella strain carrying the mcr-1 gene in China, showing resistance to multiple antibiotics. The plasmid pJZ26 could be transferred to E. coli and harbored other resistance genes, posing a challenge to clinical treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nambram Somendro Singh, Neelja Singhal, Manish Kumar, Jugsharan Singh Virdi
Summary: This study investigates the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from a major river in northern India. The results show that most strains are susceptible to fluoroquinolones and some aminoglycosides, but a significant portion exhibit resistance to streptomycin, kanamycin, and gentamicin. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes and aminoglycoside resistance genes are identified, implying their potential transferability through plasmids.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Shiuh-Bin Fang, Tsai-Ling Yang Lauderdale, Chih-Hung Huang, Pei-Ru Chang, Yuan-Hung Wang, Katsumi Shigemura, Ying-Hsiu Lin, Wei-Chiao Chang, Ke-Chuan Wang, Tzu-Wen Huang, Yu-Chu Chang
Summary: This study analyzed the genetic diversity of ciprofloxacin nonsusceptibility in nontyphoidal Salmonella and found that QRDR mutations were more common than PMQR genes among the isolates. Both PMQR genes and QRDR mutations were positively correlated with CIP MICs, with double mutations in gyrA and parC determining high CIP resistance.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Meiling Liu, Kunpeng Zhu, Xinge Li, Yiran Han, Chaojie Yang, Hongbo Liu, Xinyin Du, Xuebin Xu, Haiyan Yang, Hongbin Song, Shaofu Qiu, Ying Xiang
Summary: This study investigated the resistance mechanism of a Salmonella Typhimurium strain isolated from an infant's faecal sample, which exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics. Through whole genome sequencing, multilocus sequence typing, and plasmid analysis, it was found that the strain carried multiple antimicrobial resistance genes and plasmids.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Guoye Liu, Huimin Qian, Jingwen Lv, Benshun Tian, Changjun Bao, Hong Yan, Bing Gu
Summary: The study revealed an increasing trend of antimicrobial resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella in Jiangsu, China, particularly towards colistin. Plasmid-mediated resistance genes play a significant role in these bacteria, with mcr-1-positive strains predominantly found in children under 7 years old.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sawsan Mohammed Kareem, Israa M. S. Al-kadmy, Saba S. Kazaal, Alaa N. Mohammed Ali, Sarah Naji Aziz, Rabab R. Makharita, Abdelazeem M. Algammal, Salim Al-Rejaie, Tapan Behl, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Mohamed A. El-Mokhtar, Helal F. Hetta
Summary: The study revealed common quinolone resistance in K. pneumoniae isolates in Baghdad, with frequent mutations in gyrA and parC genes, as well as a high presence of PMQR genes.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beata Furmanek-Blaszk, Marian Sektas, Bartosz Rybak
Summary: This study investigated the occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) in ESBL and/or AmpC-type beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales isolates from free-living birds in Poland. The prevalence of the qnrB19 gene was 63%, with Escherichia coli being the most common bacterial species. The plasmid pAM1 carrying the qnrB19 gene was completely sequenced and had extensive homology with other qnrB19-harboring plasmids.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Beatriz Robredo, Rosa Fernandez-Fernandez, Carmen Torres
Summary: This study connects research and education through a service-learning methodology, the Small World Initiative project. It challenges young students to discover novel bioactive-producing microorganisms from environmental soil samples, promoting scientific vocations and communicating scientific culture.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Rosa Fernandez-Fernandez, Idris Nasir Abdullahi, Carmen Gonzalez-Azcona, Adriana Ulloa, Agusti Martinez, Sara Garcia-Vela, Ursula Hofle, Myriam Zarazaga, Carmen Lozano, Carmen Torres
Summary: A total of 259 staphylococci strains were isolated from nasotracheal samples of 87 healthy nestling white storks, and their antimicrobial activity was tested using the spot-on-lawn method. Extracts from these strains were also tested against indicator bacteria. Results showed that 9 strains exhibited antimicrobial activity, primarily against Gram-positive bacteria. PCR and sequencing analysis revealed the presence of lantibiotic-like encoding genes in these strains.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Rosa Fernandez-Fernandez, Carmen Lozano, Rine Christopher Reuben, Laura Ruiz-Ripa, Myriam Zarazaga, Carmen Torres
Summary: Novel approaches to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are needed, and antimicrobial peptides, particularly bacteriocins, have gained attention as potential alternatives to antibiotics. Bacteriocins produced by Staphylococcus, known as staphylococcins, have shown significant antimicrobial potential and are considered promising candidates to combat AMR. Additionally, various bacteriocin-producing Staphylococcus strains, including coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), have been identified as alternative options.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Xenia Vazquez, Javier Fernandez, Miriam Alkorta, Maria de Toro, M. Rosario Rodicio, Rosaura Rodicio
Summary: A study conducted in a Spanish hospital analyzed seven isolates of the monophasic 4,[5],12:i:- variant of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium with sequence type ST34. These isolates were resistant to cefotaxime and susceptible to cefoxitin, and carried resistance genes, genomic islands, and large conjugative plasmids with additional resistance genes. This study highlights the importance of monitoring and controlling the spread of these multidrug-resistant strains.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sara Quero, Marina Serras-Pujol, Noemi Parraga-Nino, Carmen Torres, Marian Navarro, Anna Vilamala, Emma Puigoriol, Javier Diez de los Rios, Elisenda Arque, Judit Serra-Pladevall, Alba Romero, Daniel Molina, Roger Paredes, Maria Luisa Pedro-Botet, Esteban Reynaga
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) among workers in the pork production chain. The results showed that the prevalence of MRSA was high among workers in contact with live animals, especially in pig farms, livestock transporters, and slaughterhouses.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Idris Nasir Abdullahi, Carmen Lozano, Carmen Simon, Javier Latorre-Fernandez, Myriam Zarazaga, Carmen Torres
Summary: This study investigated the diversity and carriage rate of nasal Staphylococcus species, as well as the variability of antimicrobial resistance, virulence determinants, immune evasion cluster types, and genetic lineages of Staphylococcus aureus isolates. The study also examined the co-carriage rate of CoNS with S. aureus in the same nasal niche of healthy pigs and pig-farmers. The findings highlight the need for multiple samplings to understand the dynamics of AMR and control the transmission of S. aureus in pig-farms.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sandra Martinez-Alvarez, Pierre Chatre, Teresa Cardona-Cabrera, Pauline Francois, Alberto Sanchez-Cano, Ursula Hofle, Myriam Zarazaga, Jean-Yves Madec, Marisa Haenni, Carmen Torres
Summary: This study aimed to characterize Escherichia coli isolates from cloacal samples of white stork nestlings, with a special focus on extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing E. coli isolates and their plasmid content. Various methods were used, including disc diffusion method, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Pulsed-Field-Gel-Electrophoresis (PFGE), Southern blotting, and whole-genome sequencing, to screen for antimicrobial susceptibility, genotypic characterization, and plasmid sequencing. The study identified the presence of ESBL-producing E. coli and their plasmid characteristics.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rosa Fernandez-Fernandez, Ahmed M. A. Elsherbini, Carmen Lozano, Agusti Martinez, Maria de Toro, Myriam Zarazaga, Andreas Peschel, Bernhard Krismer, Carmen Torres
Summary: This study investigated the presence of bacteriocin gene clusters among 22 commensal Staphylococcus isolates from different origins. Five types of bacteriocin gene clusters were detected, including lanthipeptides, circular bacteriocins, lugdunin, and micrococcin P1.
PROBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Chrispin Chaguza, Anna K. Poentinen, Janetta Top, Sergio Arredondo-Alonso, Ana R. Freitas, Carla Novais, Carmen Torres, Stephen D. Bentley, Luisa Peixe, Teresa M. Coque, Rob J. L. Willems, Jukka Corander
Summary: This study used a genome-wide association analysis to investigate the genetic changes in Enterococcus faecalis isolates and their association with hospitalization status and body isolation source. The results showed that infection by hospitalization status and extraintestinal infection are heritable traits, but no clear individual genetic changes were found to be associated with hospitalization status or body isolation source. The study also identified a genomic region potentially linked to infection.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sara Garcia-Vela, Agusti Martinez-Sancho, Laila Ben Said, Carmen Torres, Ismail Fliss
Summary: This study characterized a collection of 20 C. perfringens isolates from poultry affected by necrotic enteritis (NE) at the genomic level, focusing on resistance mechanisms and bacteriocin production. Antimicrobial resistance genes, especially tet genes associated with tetracycline resistance, were found to be prevalent. Interestingly, two isolates carried the erm(T) gene associated with erythromycin resistance, which is rarely reported in other Gram-positive bacteria. The study also revealed a high variability of sequence types and identified unique characteristics in one isolate (C. perfringens MLG7307) that made it impossible to toxinotype.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Carolina Sabenca, Eliana Costa, Sara Sousa, Lillian Barros, Ana Oliveira, Sonia Ramos, Gilberto Igrejas, Carmen Torres, Patricia Poeta
Summary: The emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing ESBL and KPC has become a major public health concern. The ability of these strains to form biofilms is worrisome as it can facilitate the spread of antibiotic resistance and prolong infections in healthcare facilities.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Adriana Silva, Vanessa Silva, Maria Lopez, Beatriz Rojo-Bezares, Jose Antonio Carvalho, Ana Paula Castro, Yolanda Saenz, Gilberto Igrejas, Patricia Poeta
Summary: The study focused on analyzing the antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance genes, virulence factors, and biofilm formation ability of 32 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA). The results showed high levels of antibiotic resistance among PA isolates, with carbapenems being the most prevalent. Various virulence factors were detected, and the microtiter plate method was found to be the most accurate for quantifying biofilm production. The study also revealed different sequence types in clinical PA, including high-risk clones associated with multidrug resistance.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gabriela Chichon, Maria Lopez, Maria de Toro, Lidia Ruiz-Roldan, Beatriz Rojo-Bezares, Yolanda Saenz
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST274 is an internationally epidemic high-risk clone associated with hospital settings and cystic fibrosis patients worldwide. Analysis of its biological and genomic characteristics, along with certain associations found, can provide a basis for better antibiotic management and new therapeutic developments.
Article
Microbiology
Beatriz Robredo, Rosa Fernandez-Fernandez, Carmen Torres, Ruben Ladrera
Summary: MicroMundo contributes to improving knowledge about antimicrobial resistance and its consequences at all educational levels. Questionnaires and satisfaction surveys were conducted to evaluate the impact of MicroMundo and the optimal age of participants. The results showed significant improvement in knowledge about antimicrobial resistance and increased interest in scientific research.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Meriam B. Said, Lamia Thabet, Sarah Cheriet, Amen A. Messadi, Paula Gomez, Laura Ruiz-Ripa, Senda Sghaier, Bilel Hassen, Abdennaceur Hassen, Carmen Torres, Mohamed S. Abbassi
Summary: The study characterized 25 MRSA clinical isolates collected in a Tunisian hospital, revealing a predominance of the ST239-CC8 lineage and high levels of drug resistance. The findings highlight the urgent need for strict hygiene control measures in the hospital.
LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)