Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jingbao Kan, Yifang Hu, Yaoqi Ge, WenSong Zhang, Shan Lu, Cuiping Zhao, Rihua Zhang, Yun Liu
Summary: The research revealed that the reduced expression of mitochondrial functional genes may be the main cause of skeletal muscle aging, with CYCS and ESRRA potentially playing significant roles in this process.
Article
Fisheries
Catarina Basto-Silva, Paula Enes, Aires Oliva-Teles, Encarnacion Capilla, Ines Guerreiro
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of dietary protein/carbohydrate ratio and feeding frequency on the growth, metabolism, and economic efficiency of gilthead seabream juveniles. The results showed that feeding a diet with a protein/carbohydrate ratio of 40%/20% twice a day was the most suitable strategy, as it improved fish growth and economic efficiency.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ezequiel Jorge-Smeding, Sergio Polakof, Muriel Bonnet, Stephanie Durand, Delphine Centeno, Melanie Petera, Sebastien Taussat, Gonzalo Cantalapiedra-Hijar
Summary: This study investigated plasma biomarkers and metabolic pathways related to residual feed intake (RFI) in Charolais heifers, finding that plasma concentrations of IGF-1 and back fat depth were associated with RFI. However, there were no changes in other plasma concentrations. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that branched chain amino acid metabolism was significantly impacted by RFI. These findings confirm previous research in male beef cattle and suggest that changes in branched-chain amino acids metabolism and body composition are biological mechanisms related to RFI.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yue Ai, Yaning Zhu, Linli Wang, Xiaosheng Zhang, Jinlong Zhang, Xianlei Long, Qingyi Gu, Hongbing Han
Summary: Sheep growth, particularly skeletal muscle growth, brings direct economic benefits to the animal husbandry industry. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying different breeds remain unclear. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the gene expression patterns of the cross-bred sheep were more similar to Dorper sheep, possibly explaining the differences in muscle growth among the three breeds. This study identified several candidate genes related to skeletal muscle growth, providing valuable insights into the molecular basis of muscle growth and development in sheep.
Article
Physiology
Tom P. Aird, Andrew J. Farquharson, Janice E. Drew, Brian P. Carson
Summary: This study developed a custom-designed GeXP multiplex assay for accurately quantifying expression of a targeted group of mitochondrial genes in human skeletal muscle, which could be advantageous for future investigations into the regulation of muscle metabolism by exercise and/or nutrition.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Renying Wang, Peijing Zhang, Jingjing Wang, Lifeng Ma, E. Weigao, Shengbao Suo, Mengmeng Jiang, Jiaqi Li, Haide Chen, Huiyu Sun, Lijiang Fei, Ziming Zhou, Yincong Zhou, Yao Chen, Weiqi Zhang, Xinru Wang, Yuqing Mei, Zhongyi Sun, Chengxuan Yu, Jikai Shao, Yuting Fu, Yanyu Xiao, Fang Ye, Xing Fang, Hanyu Wu, Qile Guo, Xiunan Fang, Xia Li, Xianzhi Gao, Dan Wang, Peng-Fei Xu, Rui Zeng, Gang Xu, Lijun Zhu, Lie Wang, Jing Qu, Dan Zhang, Hongwei Ouyang, He Huang, Ming Chen, Shyh-Chang Ng, Guang-Hui Liu, Guo-Cheng Yuan, Guoji Guo, Xiaoping Han
Summary: By using single-cell RNA sequencing, researchers mapped organism-level cell landscapes for mice, zebrafish, and Drosophila. They identified structural inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction as common hallmarks of organism aging.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sosthene Musigwa, Natalie Morgan, Robert A. Swick, Pierre Cozannet, Sarbast K. Kheravii, Shu-Biao Wu
Summary: The study showed that multi-carbohydrase (MC) improved energy utilization in broilers but also led to increased fat deposition. Gene expression related to energy production influenced bird performance.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Zahra Pezeshkian, Seyed Ziaeddin Mirhoseini, Shahrokh Ghovvati, Esmaeil Ebrahimie
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the transcriptome of breast muscle tissue in male turkeys with high and low feed efficiency. The results showed that high feed efficiency turkeys increased the expression of genes related to amino acid biosynthesis, while low feed efficiency turkeys increased the expression of genes related to the immune response. Furthermore, key genes associated with feed efficiency may serve as potential biomarkers for genetic selection in turkeys.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Janine Hertzog Santos
Summary: Epigenetic modifications are influenced by the metabolites generated in the mitochondria, particularly acetyl-CoA and alpha-ketoglutarate, which play critical roles in histone marks and nuclear DNA methylation patterns. Proper mitochondrial function is essential for maintaining the epigenetic landscape, and dysfunction in mitochondria can have a negative impact on epigenetics and gene expression.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiangfeng Yao, Zhihua Qiao, Fengwen Zhang, Xiang Liu, Qingzhi Du, Jianye Zhang, Xiangdong Li, Xingyin Jiang
Summary: This study evaluated the acute and subchronic toxicity of benzovindiflupyr (BZF) to earthworms, showing increased toxicity with higher concentrations of BZF. Reasonable levels of BZF application may have little impact on earthworms' weight-related changes. The findings provide insights on the toxic effects of BZF on earthworms and may prove useful for risk assessments on soil ecosystems.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kristina Gvozdanovic, Zlata Kralik, Zarko Radisic, Manuela Kosevic, Gordana Kralik, Ivona Djurkin Kusec
Summary: The addition of bioactive compounds to chicken feed improves the health and production traits of the animals. Nutrigenomics helps understand the molecular relationship between nutrients in the feed and the genes that affect desired phenotypes. This knowledge can be used to produce high-quality chicken products that positively impact human health.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kate Keogh, Clare McKenna, Sinead M. Waters, Richard K. Porter, Claire Fitzsimons, Mark McGee, David A. Kenny
Summary: Improving cattle feed efficiency through selection of residual feed intake (RFI) is important for sustainable beef production. This study aimed to determine the genes and biological processes contributing to RFI in different breeds and diets. While no consistently differentially expressed gene was found, common biological processes including fatty acid metabolism, immune function, energy production, and muscle growth were identified. Further evaluation of other genomic features is needed to better understand RFI.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Chaoyun Yang, Liyun Han, Peng Li, Yanling Ding, Yun Zhu, Zengwen Huang, Xingang Dan, Yuangang Shi, Xiaolong Kang
Summary: This study utilized RNA sequencing to identify key genes and functional pathways contributing to variance in cattle RFI phenotypes, uncovering differentially expressed genes and key genes related to metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and feed intake behavior. The findings suggest specific biological functions of the duodenum in regulating feed intake and provide insights into potential pathways and key genes involved in feed efficiency regulation in beef cattle.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Rafael A. Casuso, Saad Al Fazazi, Julio Plaza-Diaz, Francisco J. Ruiz-Ojeda, Ascension Rueda-Robles, Jeronimo Aragon-Vela, Jesus R. Huertas
Summary: The study showed that consuming 4.61 mg/kg/d of hydroxytyrosol during exercise can increase the mRNA expression of important metabolic proteins, but does not lead to higher protein content.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhixin Wang, Yingzhi He, Zhen Tan
Summary: The efficiency of feed utilization is crucial for the cost and economic benefits of pig production. In this study, transcriptome analysis was conducted on liver and longissimus muscle tissue samples from high-feed efficiency and low-feed efficiency groups of Landrace finishing pigs. A total of 561 differentially expressed genes were detected in the liver transcriptomes, with gene functions related to phosphorus and phosphate metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, chemical carcinogenesis, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. In the longissimus muscle tissue, 215 differentially expressed genes were mainly associated with disease and immune regulation. Candidate biomarkers for porcine feed efficiency, including ARG1, ARG2, GOT1, GPT2, ACAA2, ACADM, and ANGPTL4, were identified. Further evaluation and functional studies are needed to confirm their significance.