Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Huimin Zhang, Ahmed A. Elolimy, Haji Akbar, Lam Phuoc Thanh, Zhangping Yang, Juan J. Loor
Summary: This study investigates the ruminal microbiome, milk fatty acid composition, and plasma concentrations of glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and beta-hydroxybutyrate in high-efficiency and low-efficiency dairy cows during early lactation. The findings suggest that high-efficiency cows have unique profiles of ruminal microbiota that are correlated with concentrations of milk fatty acids.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Enfa Yan, Jianxin Guo, Jingdong Yin
Summary: The quality of pork is crucial for consumers' purchasing behavior and the economic value of pork. The pig industry aims to minimize the presence of inferior pork and produce high quality pork. Muscle energy metabolism plays a key role in energy expenditure and fat storage, affecting meat quality factors such as color, fat content, tenderness, pH values, and drip loss. Research has shown that dietary nutrients and bioactive ingredients have an impact on muscle energy metabolism, fat distribution, and muscle fiber composition in humans and rodents. This article reviews the progress and development in this field and discusses how dietary components, gut microbiota, and maternal nutrition influence muscle energy metabolism, lipid accumulation, and meat quality in pigs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuai Jiang, Dejiang Xue, Miao Zhang, Qian Li, Hui Liu, Di Zhao, Guanghong Zhou, Chunbao Li
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the digestion of myoglobin diet in vitro and its relationship with gut microbiota and intestinal barrier. The in vitro study showed that myoglobin diets had a higher alpha-helix content and lower digestibility. The results from feeding C57BL/6J mice with different levels of myoglobin in the diet for 3 and 8 weeks revealed that increasing myoglobin content led to a significant increase in the relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila. Additionally, the content of short chain fatty acids exhibited a trend of increase and then decrease as myoglobin content increased at 3 weeks. A low-myoglobin diet upregulated the gene expression related to colonic mucin and tight junction proteins by increasing the proportion of beneficial microbiota, while a high-myoglobin diet had adverse effects.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tengfei Wang, Kaifeng Guan, Qiuju Su, Xiaotong Wang, Zengqiang Yan, Kailin Kuang, Yuan Wang, Qingde Zhang, Xiang Zhou, Bang Liu
Summary: The composition of gut microbiota is related to the resistance of pigs to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV). Higher levels of probiotics in resistant pigs positively impact host immunity and growth performance, while higher levels of pathogenic bacteria in susceptible pigs are associated with poorer clinical outcomes.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gaochen Lu, Sheng Zhang, Rui Wang, Zulun Zhang, Weihong Wang, Quan Wen, Faming Zhang, Pan Li
Summary: This study used bibliometrics to analyze the scientific literature on the relationship between gut microbiota and chronic painful conditions, revealing that only 122 papers discussed how nutritional interventions can modulate this link. The findings enrich the evidence in the field of microbiota medicine and contribute to the development of clinical medicine.
Review
Immunology
Paraskevi C. Fragkou, Dareilena Karaviti, Michael Zemlin, Chrysanthi Skevaki
Summary: The first 1000 days of life, including the intrauterine period, are crucial for human development, with nutrition playing a key role in proper child development and affecting the composition of the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, comprising various microorganisms, is highly influenced by diet and lifestyle, in turn affecting the immune system in complex ways. Many noncommunicable diseases associated with dysbiosis are programmed during childhood, highlighting the importance of nutrition on microbiota composition and the development of such diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Choufei Wu, Wentao Lyu, Qihua Hong, Xiaojun Zhang, Hua Yang, Yingping Xiao
Summary: Transplantation of gut microbiota from obese Jinhua pigs promoted intramuscular fat accumulation and transferred the properties to mouse recipients, indicating a potential role of manipulating intestinal microbiota in improving meat quality and flavor in pigs and even ameliorating metabolic syndrome in humans.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Cheng Li
Summary: Human responses to the same diets vary due to complex diet-host-microbiota interactions. Recent advances show that quantifying this interaction could lead to personalized nutrition strategies for improving individual health. The gut microbiome, compared to host related factors, can be easily modulated by dietary exposures and plays a crucial role in human health. However, limitations in processing and analyzing 'big-data' on the human microbiome hinder the translation of diet-host-microbiota interactions into tools for personalized health improvement. This review aims to summarize recent advances in understanding diet-host-microbiota interactions to aid in the development of personalized nutrition strategies.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anna Ratsika, Martin C. Codagnone, Siobhain O'Mahony, Catherine Stanton, John F. Cryan
Summary: Microbes colonize the human body at birth and coexist with the host, playing a role in programming important bodily systems during critical developmental windows. Early life nutrition is a key factor in perinatal programming and modulation of offspring microbiota.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
M. M. De Souza, D. A. Koltes, H. Beiki, M. A. Sales, T. Tsai, C. V. Maxwell, J. Zhao, J. E. Koltes
Summary: Exposure to less hygienic conditions during early childhood has been linked to immune system development. This study investigated the impact of early-life topsoil exposure on RNA expression in piglets' blood cells and identified changes in genes related to T-cell activation and antigen-presenting cells.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wen Xu, Ming Zhong, Tingting Pan, Hongping Qu, Erzhen Chen
Summary: This study found that gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid levels are associated with enteral nutrition tolerance in critically ill patients. On the first day of enteral nutrition initiation, the tolerance group had higher microbiota diversity and operational taxonomic units than the intolerance group. On the third day, the genus Escherichia-Shigella was significantly elevated in the tolerance group. The levels of short-chain fatty acids decreased more significantly in the intolerance group.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anders Brunse, Simone Margaard Offersen, Josefine Juliane Mosegaard, Ling Deng, Peter Damborg, Dennis Sandris Nielsen, Per Torp Sangild, Thomas Thymann, Duc Ninh Nguyen
Summary: In this study using preterm piglets, it was found that there is an antagonistic relationship between enteral antibiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis, with minor effects on gut microbiota composition and immune responses.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Qianqian Zhang, Robie Vasquez, Jeong Min Yoo, Sang Hoon Kim, Dae-Kyung Kang, In Ho Kim
Summary: This study evaluated the probiotic effect of LM1 on growing pigs by analyzing their growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune response, intestinal morphology, and gut microbiota. The results showed that LM1 improved nutrient digestibility, reduced inflammation, improved intestinal morphology, and enriched beneficial bacteria and short-chain fatty acid production.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Dwiyanto Jacky, Chia Bibi, Look Melvin Chee Meng, Fong Jason, Tan Gwendoline, Lim Jeremy, Chong Chun Wie
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of the plant-based OsomeFood Clean Label meal on the human gut microbiome. The results showed that participants, regardless of their weight status, experienced increased diversity in gut microbiota and improved health indicators during the AWE diet plan. Individuals with higher BMI and lower fiber intake benefited the most.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hayrunisa Icen, Maria Rosaria Corbo, Milena Sinigaglia, Burcu Irem Omurtag Korkmaz, Antonio Bevilacqua
Summary: This paper provides an overview of the microbiota, nutritional composition, and antimicrobial effects of kombucha. The microbiota of kombucha includes acetic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and yeasts. Kombucha is suggested to have the status of a post-biotic with probiotic properties.