Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Hongbo Zou, Fanzhen Kong, Bin Lin, Jian Wang, Xinyu Ren, Quanwei Diao, Shuai Yan
Summary: The tribological behavior of tungsten carbide-textured samples with different particle types and sizes were investigated. Surface texture can effectively reduce friction coefficient and wear rate. The reduction efficiency of texture is the lowest when the lubricant has silica particles. Wear resistance increases with decreasing particle hardness. Small particles are more likely to cause three-body abrasion due to their ease of entering the friction interface. Compared to untextured samples, textured samples have less three-body and two-body abrasion due to particle storage capacity.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuxin You, Shilong Xing, Chuanhai Jiang
Summary: This study investigates the influence of various-sized CeO2 particles on the microstructure and properties of electrodeposited Ni-CeO2 composite coatings. Compared to microparticles, nanoparticles show better performance in optimizing the surface topography, achieving a homogeneous coating surface, and suppressing texture. Nano coatings possess a more random surface grain orientation, a higher level of grain refinement, and numerous low angle grain boundaries, contributing to the enhancement of the coatings' performance.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
David Nimblad Svensson, Ingmar Messing, Jennie Barron
Summary: Recent studies have found that using laser diffraction method (LDM) for soil particle size analysis can yield compatible results with traditional methods, but requires transformation of clay-silt particle size cutoff. This study tested a combination of approaches for determining LDM values on soil samples and compared the results with sieve and pipette method (SPM). The findings are promising for routine soil analyses, but more research is needed for different types of soils.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hongmin Dong, Qing Zhang, Jun Gao, Lingyun Chen, Thava Vasanthan
Summary: Starch nanoparticles (SNPs) were produced from different sources of starch and exhibited varying viscosities and elastic behaviors at different concentrations and temperatures. Pulse SNPs showed relatively higher viscosities and more elastic behaviors, suggesting their potential to form extensive inter-particulate associations.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jae Ki Lee, Ji Hui Son, SuDong Park
Summary: This study investigates the anisotropy of thermoelectric properties and microstructures in Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 fabricated by repressing. By optimizing grain orientation, carrier concentration, and temperature-dependent transport properties, high-performance thermoelectric properties were achieved. The increase in high-energy ball milling time led to reduced initial particle and grain size, affecting the degree of grain orientation during the hot deformation process.Through process optimization, a highly anisotropic figure of merit (ZT) was achieved.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sonali Tajane, Parikshit Shastri, Sachin Mandavgane
Summary: The cerealgrain sector in India is experiencing growing demand due to an increasingly affluent population. Wheat, jowar, and maize are commonly consumed cereal grains in the region. The study focuses on the particle size distribution of flour during milling as an essential parameter for large scale production, with the GS model showing a high coefficient of determination for cereal grain flour.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Zhongqi He, Stephen I. Rogers, Sunghyun Nam, K. Thomas Klasson
Summary: Plant-based butters made from nuts and seeds have gained popularity among consumers due to their unique flavors and healthy nutritional properties. This study evaluated the effects of oil content on the microstructural and textural properties of cottonseed butter/spread products. The results showed that higher oil content led to decreased firmness, spreadability, and adhesiveness values, as well as slightly smaller particle size but increased oil separation during storage.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Leticia Dzierva, Marley Conceicao dos Santos, Leopoldo Malcorra de Almeida, Chayane da Rocha, Lucas Schmidt Bassi, Keysuke Muramatsu, Alex Maiorka
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of diet particle size and amylase supplementation on nutrient digestibility and performance of nursery pigs. The results showed that finer diet particle size reduces feed conversion ratio (FCR) and increases fat digestibility. Coarser diet particle size increases average daily feed intake (ADFI) and average daily weight gain (ADWG). The supplementation of amylase improves growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and digestible energy (DE).
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Anne C. Richer-de-Forges, Dominique Arrouays, Songchao Chen, Mercedes Roman Dobarco, Zamir Libohova, Pierre Roudier, Budiman Minasny, Hocine Bourennane
Summary: This study investigated the differences between field texture classes estimated by hand-feel and soil texture determined from laboratory analysis, and identified factors contributing to these differences. The study demonstrated the value of hand-feel texture in expanding soil texture database and supporting the expansion of the national database to inform soil water retention properties.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nelum Pematilleke, Mandeep Kaur, Benu Adhikari, Peter J. Torley
Summary: The study found that meat texture significantly affects masticatory behavior and the mechanical properties of the bolus, with harder meat resulting in a harder bolus. Additionally, as meat hardness increases, the number of bolus particles also significantly increases. Significant individual differences were observed in masticatory parameters and saliva incorporation.
JOURNAL OF TEXTURE STUDIES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xi Gong, Xiaodan Hui, Gang Wu, James D. Morton, Margaret A. Brennan, Charles S. Brennan
Summary: This study used an alkaline extraction method to extract protein from cereal samples and prepared wheat bran protein concentrate, oat bran protein concentrate, and barley protein concentrate. The digestibility and degree of hydrolysis of these protein concentrates were evaluated, and the protein and peptides patterns were analyzed using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The results showed that oat bran protein concentrate had the highest digestibility, while barley protein concentrate had the lowest digestibility.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Cheng Li, Michael Tilley, Richard Chen, Kaliramesh Siliveru, Yonghui Li
Summary: The potential health benefits of whole grain foods are attracting customers' interest. This study explores the effect of bran particle size on whole wheat flour bread-making performance. The findings suggest that whole wheat flour with medium to coarse bran size is more suitable for bread production.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jan Tomas, Jakub Dvorak, Ondrej Dammer, Frantisek Stepanek
Summary: A new method for monitoring tablet disintegration process by recording stress relaxation curves in real-time is proposed, providing detailed information on the structural changes in disintegrating tablets. This method is sensitive to variations in dissolution media composition, making it useful for formulation development and biopharmaceutical analysis.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Alexandra Buergy, Agnes Rolland-Sabate, Alexandre Leca, Xavier Falourd, Loic Foucat, Catherine M. G. C. Renard
Summary: The study investigated the effects of different temperatures and grinding speeds on the characteristics of apple puree, revealing that temperature and grinding can alter the solubilisation and degradation of pectin, impacting the structure and texture of the puree. Pectin solubilisation and particle size have significant effects on the viscosity of the puree, while changes in pectin structure are associated with the maturation level of raw apples.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
A. Derossi, R. Caporizzi, M. Paolillo, C. Severini
Summary: The study showed that 3D food printing can create personalized food structures by controlling the pores, resulting in snacks with different textures. The printed snacks exhibited changes in porosity fraction, hardness, and relative density compared to the virtual model, demonstrating potential for creating novel foods with desired texture.
JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Glenn Cockburn, Meng-Ching Ko, Keren R. Sadanandan, Eliot T. Miller, Tomoya Nakagita, Amanda Monte, Sungbo Cho, Eugeni Roura, Yasuka Toda, Maude W. Baldwin
Summary: This study reveals the evolutionary changes in the sensory perception of sugars and amino acids in hummingbirds, and identifies a novel form of synergistic interaction between sugars and amino acids in their taste receptors.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jordi Camp Montoro, Joana Pessoa, David Sola-Oriol, Ramon Muns, Josep Gasa, Edgar Garcia Manzanilla
Summary: This study investigated the effects of space allowance, mixing, and phase feeding on the productive performance of grower-finisher pigs. The results showed that mixing and reducing the lysine/energy ratio from 0.95 to 0.82 g/MJ at 15-16 weeks of age had a more significant impact on productive performance than reducing space allowance from 0.96 to 0.78 m(2)/pig.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Pau Aymerich, Carme Soldevila, Jordi Bonet, Josep Gasa, Jaume Coma, David Sola-Oriol
Summary: The study found that reducing dietary amino acid density can increase body weight variability in growing pigs, especially in smaller pigs. This effect was more severe in lighter pigs at the beginning of the experiment, leading to increased variability in body weight.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Maximiliano Muller, Elout Van Liefferinge, Marta Navarro, Elisabet Garcia-Puig, Alan Tilbrook, Robert van Barneveld, Eugeni Roura
Summary: The individual impact of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids on the secretion of anorexigenic gut hormones in pigs was studied using a small intestine ex vivo model. The results suggest that both essential and nonessential amino acids play a key role in appetite control in pigs.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sandra Villagomez-Estrada, Jose F. Perez, Diego Melo-Duran, Francesc Gonzalez-Sole, Matilde D'Angelo, Francisco J. Perez-Cano, David Sola-Oriol
Summary: During birth and lactation, piglets born from hyperprolific sows with light body weight exhibit higher expression of stress and pro-inflammatory genes. The present study aimed to evaluate the physiological weaknesses of light piglets compared to their middle-weight littermates through gene expression analysis. Light piglets showed downregulation of genes related to immune response, antioxidant enzymes, digestive enzymes, and nutrient transporters at birth. However, at the end of the suckling period, these gene expression differences disappeared and genes involved in barrier function, inflammation, and stress responses were over-expressed in light piglets compared to their heavier littermates. This suggests that light piglets have compromised gene expression for nutrient absorption, immune and stress responses from birth to the end of lactation.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mireia Saladrigas-Garcia, David Sola-Oriol, Sergi Lopez-Verge, Matilde D'Angelo, Maria Carmen Collado, Bea Nielsen, Martin Faldyna, Jose Francisco Perez, Susana M. Martin-Orue
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of probiotic supplementation during gestation and lactation on the performance of sows and piglets, as well as the intestinal health of piglets after separation from the mother. Results showed that probiotic supplementation improved the reproductive performance of sows and had an impact on the fecal microbiota composition of both mothers and piglets.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Asal Forouzandeh, Laia Blavi, Jose Francisco Perez, Matilde D'Angelo, Francesc Gonzalez-Sole, Alessandra Monteiro, Hans H. Stein, David Sola-Oriol
Summary: The study investigates the effects of adding copper sulfate or monovalent copper oxide to the diet of growing pigs on oxidative stress, inflammation, gene abundance, and microbial modulation. The results show that these additions can regulate gene abundance related to the immune system and growth, and promote changes in the intestinal microbiota. However, monovalent copper oxide induces less systemic oxidation and inflammation compared to copper sulfate.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
E. Llaurado-Calero, I Badiola, I Samarra, R. Lizardo, D. Torrallardona, E. Esteve-Garcia, N. Tous
Summary: The addition of fish oil rich in EPA and DHA to the diets of sows and piglets was found to increase the concentrations of anti-inflammatory molecules in their blood, enhancing the viability of piglets.
Article
Microbiology
Eudald Llaurado-Calero, Eric Climent, Empar Chenoll, Maria Ballester, Ignacio Badiola, Rosil Lizardo, David Torrallardona, Enric Esteve-Garcia, Nuria Tous
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of n-3 long-chain fatty acids (n-3 LCFAs) in sow diets on the microbiota composition of sows' feces, colostrum, milk, and piglets' feces. The results show that dietary n-3 LCFA increases microbiota diversity and beneficial bacteria populations in suckling piglets' feces, with minor modifications in milk and gestating sows' feces. However, no changes were observed in lactating sows' feces or colostrum. This study provides crucial information on the early-stage microbiota status of sows, colostrum, milk, and suckling piglets during the lactation period.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Montserrat Paniagua, Sandra Villagomez-Estrada, Francisco Javier Crespo, Jose Francisco Perez, Anna Aris, Maria Devant, David Sola-Oriol
Summary: Weaning is a challenging period for pigs, resulting in digestive disturbances and hindered growth. The traditional use of zinc oxide and antibiotics to prevent gastrointestinal problems during this phase has been restricted due to concerns about the environment and bacterial resistance. This study explores the potential alternative of supplementing citrus flavonoids and a single antibiotic (amoxicillin) to minimize the use of multiple antibiotics and zinc oxide in weaned pigs. The results show that citrus flavonoids plus amoxicillin significantly improve growth performance, gut health, and gastrointestinal barrier function without detrimental effects on performance.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hieu Huu Le, Weicheng Zhao, John Barton Furness, Majid Shakeri, Kristy Digiacomo, Eugeni Roura, David Renaudeau, Nicolas Kurt Gabler, Brian Joseph Leury, Frank Rowland Dunshea, Gene Wijffels, Jeremy James Cottrell
Summary: Climate change increases the risk of heat stress in pig production, leading to decreased efficiency. This study investigated the effects of recombinant superoxide dismutase (rSOD) on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in heat-stressed pigs. The results suggest that using in-feed SOD enzymes may be a beneficial strategy for preventing oxidative stress in pigs.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Paloma Cordero, Francisca Diaz-Aviles, Paulina Torres, Miguel Guzman, Shahram Niknafs, Eugeni Roura, Sergio A. Guzman-Pino
Summary: This study evaluated the gene expression of amino acid and fatty acid sensors in different parts of the chicken gastrointestinal tract at different ages. The results showed significant differences in the expression of these sensors in different sections of the gut. At 7 days old, amino acid sensors were mainly expressed in the upper gut section, while fatty acid sensors were mainly expressed in the lower gut section. At 26 days old, both amino acid and fatty acid sensors were observed in the jejunum. These findings provide important insights into the mechanisms of nutrient sensing in the gut and the signaling between the gut and the brain.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Maximiliano Muller, Chenjing Xu, Marta Navarro, Nuria Elias Masiques, Alan Tilbrook, Robert van Barneveld, Eugeni Roura
Summary: This study aimed to validate the ex vivo model by testing the amino acids of interest in live pigs. The results showed that Leu increased plasma CCK levels, Phe sustained long-lasting increase in GLP-1 levels, and there was a positive correlation between CCK and GLP-1 levels for Phe treated pigs. These findings are important for commercial feed formulation practices, particularly in regards to the importance of aromatic amino acids in pig nutrition.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Yujun Wan, Sheena M. H. Chua, Yin Yao, Lewis Adler, Marta Navarro, Eugeni Roura, Richard D. Tilley, Changfeng Li, Lars Nilsson, Robert G. Gilbert, Mitchell A. Sullivan
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of different techniques in analyzing glycogen size distributions. Combining size-separation and microscopy techniques can provide a comprehensive view of glycogen size distribution and morphology. However, microscopy techniques provide richer morphological information, while size-separation techniques have better resolution.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Maximiliano Muller, Michael Che-Kwang Ryoo, Eugeni Roura
Summary: Amino acids play crucial roles in regulating appetite in pigs by stimulating the release of gut hormones. Research shows that certain essential and free amino acids can influence the secretion of appetite-regulating hormones in pigs. Further exploration of the impact of amino acids and proteins on appetite modulation could be beneficial for improving swine nutrition and performance.
ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE
(2022)