Article
Business
Peter Kjaer Kruse-Andersen
Summary: Population growth has a negative impact on pollution emissions, even when research is focused on non-polluting technologies. Carbon taxes are crucial for addressing climate change.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Changwei Shao, Shuai Sun, Kaiqiang Liu, Jiahao Wang, Shuo Li, Qun Liu, Bruce E. Deagle, Inge Seim, Alberto Biscontin, Qian Wang, Xin Liu, So Kawaguchi, Yalin Liu, Simon Jarman, Yue Wang, Hong-Yan Wang, Guodong Huang, Jiang Hu, Bo Feng, Cristiano De Pitta, Shanshan Liu, Rui Wang, Kailong Ma, Yiping Ying, Gabrielle Sales, Tao Sun, Xinliang Wang, Yaolei Zhang, Yunxia Zhao, Shanshan Pan, Xiancai Hao, Yang Wang, Jiakun Xu, Bowen Yue, Yanxu Sun, He Zhang, Mengyang Xu, Yuyan Liu, Xiaodong Jia, Jiancheng Zhu, Shufang Liu, Jue Ruan, Guojie Zhang, Huanming Yang, Xun Xu, Jun Wang, Xianyong Zhao, Bettina Meyer, Guangyi Fan
Summary: This study reveals the molecular architecture and adaptations of the Antarctic krill genome, as well as the population dynamics associated with climate change events. The findings provide valuable insights into the genetic basis of Antarctic krill's ability to survive in the Southern Ocean and offer resources for future Antarctic research.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Justus Wilhelm Fink, Noelle A. Held, Michael Manhart
Summary: The growth rate of a microbial population in response to the availability of chemical nutrients and resources can vary greatly. To explain this variation, researchers developed an evolutionary model and found that population dynamics play a crucial role in determining the adaptation of half-saturation concentrations. These findings provide testable predictions for laboratory experiments and highlight how an organism's environment may not fully reflect its evolved half-saturation concentration.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Qin Wan, Zhangying Tang, Jay Pan, Mingyu Xie, Shaobin Wang, Hao Yin, Junming Li, Xin Liu, Yang Yang, Chao Song
Summary: Global concerted and sustained action is required to address the rapid population ageing trend, which varies across countries. This study investigated the spatiotemporal associations between national population ageing and socioeconomic and environmental factors. The results showed a rapid increase in global ageing over the past 20 years, with Europe and Africa having the highest and lowest regional ageing levels. Socioeconomic factors explained 61.85% of global ageing, while environmental factors explained 37.40%. The findings provide insights for developing differentiated policies to respond to global ageing.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Di Wang, Scott M. Croom, Julia J. Bryant, Sam P. Vaughan, Adam L. Schaefer, Francesco D'Eugenio, Stefania Barsanti, Sarah Brough, Claudia del P. Lagos, Anne M. Medling, Sree Oh, Jesse van de Sande, Giulia Santucci, Joss Bland-Hawthorn, Michael Goodwin, Brent Groves, Jon Lawrence, Matt S. Owers, Samuel Richards
Summary: We study the impact of environment on the quenching of galaxies using the SAMI Galaxy Survey. By analyzing star formation and stellar population ages, we find that concentrated star formation is a potential indicator of 'outside-in' quenching in groups and clusters. The age difference between SF-concentrated galaxies and regular galaxies suggests that the quenching process is slower in groups and faster in clusters.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Carola Petersen, Inga K. Hamerich, Karen L. Adair, Hanne Griem-Krey, Montserrat Torres Oliva, Marc P. Hoeppner, Brendan J. M. Bohannan, Hinrich Schulenburg
Summary: Most animals and plants have microbiomes that play essential roles in their adaptation to the environment. Microbiomes can change more rapidly than host genomes, making them important for rapid adaptation to novel environments. However, the joint contribution of hosts and microbiomes to adaptation is not well understood.
Article
Development Studies
Lili Xu, Zhenfa Tu, Zhuo Chen, Chenlei Zhang, Yinxue Gu, Jian Yang, Guangming Yu
Summary: This study proposes a mathematical model, the P-C Population Accretion Growth (P-CPAG) model, to simulate the key processes of population growth in the initial stage of city-forming. The model examination determines the potential values for all parameters based on universal laws and collected literature. This research is of great significance for understanding the complex and mysterious history of city evolution about 5000 years ago.
HABITAT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert J. Dugand, J. David Aguirre, Emma Hine, Mark W. Blows, Katrina McGuigan
Summary: Genetic variance is not equal across all multivariate combinations of traits, and differences in mutational input contribute to this variation. Selection plays a role in breaking down trait covariance and resulting in a different pattern of genetic variance among multivariate combinations of traits than predicted by mutation and drift.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Shi-Jun Xiao, Zen-Bo Mou, Rui-Bin Yang, Ding-Ding Fan, Jia-Qi Liu, Yu Zou, Shi-Lin Zhu, Ming Zou, Chao-Wei Zhou, Hai-Ping Liu
Summary: The study found that major transposons in the Glyptosternon maculatum genome exhibited episodic bursts, in accordance with geological and climatic events during the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau formation. Expansion of histone genes in the genome was significantly increased, likely mediated by long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE) repetitive element duplications. Population analysis revealed that ancestral Glyptosternon maculatum populations experienced two significant depressions 2.6 million years ago and 10,000 years ago, aligning with Quaternary glaciation and the Younger Dryas period.
ZOOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Heris Golpira, Heibatolah Sadeghi, Cosimo Magazzino
Summary: This research examines the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in 37 OECD countries from 1960 to 2019. Panel quantile regressions show different curves (U-shaped, N-shaped) for different quartiles, indicating the impact of economic growth on emissions varies. Cointegrating regressions reveal a detrimental effect on the environment from economic growth, fossil fuel consumption, and population, while renewable energy consumption reduces CO2 emissions. Panel causality tests confirm a feedback mechanism between CO2 emissions and other variables, and single-country estimates show significant variability in the sample.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Jonas Knape, Matthieu Paquet, Debora Arlt, Ineta Kacergyte, Tomas Part
Summary: Demographic factors can be investigated using life table response experiments (LTRE) based on structured population models to understand how they lead to variation or change in growth rates. Recent LTREs focus on decompositions of annual 'realized' growth rates using 'transient' LTREs to understand variation in growth for populations under long-term study. Environmental drivers and demographic stochasticity can both contribute to variation in growth rates, and extending transient LTREs allows for the investigation of their separate effects. Partitioning variation in growth rates and understanding the main factors behind environmental variation is important for population studies.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Thomas J. H. Morgan, Jordan W. Suchow, Thomas L. Griffiths
Summary: This study examines the ability of human social learning to respond to environmental changes and finds that human social learning shows some signs of adaptation to environmental instability, but these adaptations are insufficient to avoid significant declines in fitness. Additionally, the study finds that many individuals are highly conformist, exacerbating the fitness effects of environmental change.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Jinyu Li, Longqing Shi, Wei Chen, Yi Mao, Liette Vasseur, Geoff Gurr, Minsheng You, Shijun You
Summary: The study on the tea green leafhopper found that climatic differences play a significant role in the subpopulation differentiation of the leafhopper, which explains the observed increase in outbreak frequency under climate change. This study also demonstrates the usefulness of molecular genetic approaches in studying the effects of environmental heterogeneity on natural population genetic variation.
ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALIS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Yashraj Chavhan, Sarthak Malusare, Sutirth Dey
Summary: The study shows that larger population sizes can avoid costs in fluctuating environments, while they incur more costs in constant environments. The primary mechanism for cost avoidance is the enrichment of multiple beneficial mutations within the same lineage.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Eita Nakamura
Summary: The study shows that cultural traits characterizing intelligent behaviors are transmitted through statistical learning. The statistical parameters of musical products approximately follow the beta distribution and other conjugate distributions. The model of cultural evolution incorporating statistical learning demonstrates that conjugate distributions emerge at equilibrium in the presence of oblique transmission.
Article
Ecology
Diana C. Rypkema, Carol C. Horvitz, Shripad Tuljapurkar
Article
Ecology
Rosemarie Kentie, Sonya M. Clegg, Shripad Tuljapurkar, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Tim Coulson
Article
Ecology
Shripad Tuljapurkar, Wenyun Zuo, Tim Coulson, Carol Horvitz, Jean-Michel Gaillard
Article
Ecology
Ulrich K. Steiner, Shripad Tuljapurkar
THEORETICAL POPULATION BIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Maarten J. E. Broekman, Eelke Jongejans, Shripad Tuljapurkar
POPULATION ECOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Shripad Tuljapurkar, Wenyun Zuo, Tim Coulson, Carol Horvitz, Jean-Michel Gaillard
Summary: The reproductive success of individuals is influenced by random events and changing probabilities in variable environments. Research shows that birth environment and stage impact the random distribution of reproductive success, providing a null model to quantify the effects of birth size or stage on reproductive success. The study using Roe deer as a case study reveals that an individual's birth environment affects reproductive success depending on the frequency and temporal autocorrelation of environments, with lifetime performance being influenced by changes in environmental patterns due to climate change.
Article
Ecology
Floriane Plard, Julia A. Barthold Jones, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Tim Coulson, Shripad Tuljapurkar
Summary: Phenotypic traits play a role in determining survival and reproduction, with their transmission from parent to offspring influencing phenotypic parent-offspring correlation (C). This study investigates the impact of fertility and viability selections, trait ontogeny, and inheritance on C, highlighting how demographic processes can significantly affect the correlation between parental and offspring phenotypic traits, potentially more so than ontogeny and inheritance.
ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
(2021)
Article
Economics
Hong Li, Ken Seng Tan, Shripad Tuljapurkar, Wenjun Zhu
Summary: This study introduces a multi-factor exponential model to capture flexible mortality patterns, conducting empirical analysis on mortality data from a large number of countries and regions. Results show that the model provides superior goodness-of-fit and out-of-sample forecasting performance compared to traditional Gompertz-based models, leading to more balanced predictions of mortality improvements.
INSURANCE MATHEMATICS & ECONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ulrich K. Steiner, Shripad Tuljapurkar, Deborah A. Roach
Summary: The study illustrates the impact of non-selective demographic variability on population dynamics using population projection models. It finds that variability in survival and reproduction among individuals is largely due to demographic stochastic variation, with minimal effects of differences in environment, genes, and their interaction. Common expectations of population growth based on expected lifetime reproduction and generation time may be misleading.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shripad Tuljapurkar, Wenyun Zuo
Summary: This study investigates the extinction probability in evolution and finds that the traditional approximation method is problematic. Accurate analysis of the distribution of lifetime reproductive success can improve our understanding of evolution.
JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Sha Jiang, Harman Jaggi, Wenyun Zuo, Madan K. Oli, Tim Coulson, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Shripad Tuljapurkar
Summary: In this study, the relationship between reproductive dispersion and generation time in 633 species of animals and plants was analyzed. It was found that reproductive dispersion scales isometrically with generation time, while damping time does not. The findings suggest that damping time is influenced by factors other than allometric constraints.
Article
Ecology
Ulrich Karl Steiner, Shripad Tuljapurkar
Summary: Heterogeneity in fitness components among individuals is the basis of selection. However, non-genetic and non-environmental variability in phenotypes have been observed. Our analysis of structured population models based on data from various species suggests that selection pressure does not have a clear relationship with phenotypic variability. We found significant variations within and among species, indicating that the evolution of life-course variability is nearly neutral. Populations with greater diversity in life courses do not show significant changes in population growth rates. Further research is needed to understand the evolution and maintenance of non-genetic non-environmental variation.
Article
Ecology
Alexis A. Diaz, Ulrich K. Steiner, Shripad Tuljapurkar, Wenyun Zuo, Raisa Hernandez-Pacheco
Summary: Extreme climatic events may influence the variability in phenotypes, survival and reproduction, and drive the pace of evolution. This study used 45 years of demographic data of rhesus macaques to measure the impact of major hurricanes on reproductive life courses. The results show that heterogeneity in reproductive life courses increased by 4% during years of major hurricanes, despite a 2% reduction in the asymptotic growth rate.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Demography
Sha Jiang, Wenyun Zuo, Zhen Guo, Hal Caswell, Shripad Tuljapurkar
Summary: This research examines the impact of demographic transition on the size and structure of kinship networks. The study finds that the expected number of living aunts, sisters, or daughters at a demographically dense age of the focal individual is approximately equal to the net reproductive rate (linear relationship), while the number of living cousins is approximately equal to the square of the net reproductive rate (quadratic relationship). Additionally, the effects of fertility and mortality on kinship size are not additive.
DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Demography
Haili Liang, Zhen Guo, Shripad Tuljapurkar
Summary: This paper analyzes how deviations from stationarity affect the crude death rate and shows that period life expectancy often over-predicts the death rate. The study also finds that global populations have age structures that are far from stationary and attributes this deviation to the demographic transition.
