Article
Cell Biology
Marcia Spoelder, Yami Bright, Martine C. Morrison, Veerle van Kempen, Lilian de Groodt, Malvina Begalli, Nikita Schuijt, Eva Kruiger, Ronald Bulthuis, Gabriele Gross, Robert Kleemann, Janna A. van Diepen, Judith R. Homberg, Giovanni Cirillo
Summary: Increased insulin levels may contribute to the development of neural circuits involved in cognition, while chronic mild inflammation may lead to cognitive impairment. This study investigated whether cognition is affected during adolescence in a genetic rat model for obesity and type 2 diabetes. The results showed that adolescent obese rats displayed enhanced cognition despite their early diabetic profile.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Peibin Lin, Xiaojing Zhang, Baoyi Zhu, Jun Gao, Dazhong Yin, Jianwen Zeng, Zhanfang Kang
Summary: Naringenin specifically activates ER beta to improve insulin secretion, protects beta cell function, and reverses glucose dysregulation in diabetic rats.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mathie Tenenbaum, Valerie Plaisance, Raphael Boutry, Valerie Pawlowski, Cecile Jacovetti, Clara Sanchez-Parra, Helene Ezanno, Julien Bourry, Nicole Beeler, Gianni Pasquetti, Valery Gmyr, Stephane Dalle, Julie Kerr-Conte, Francois Pattou, Syu-ichi Hirai, Romano Regazzi, Amelie Bonnefond, Philippe Froguel, Amar Abderrahmani
Summary: The study revealed that activation of Jnk3 signaling by Dlk could be a key mechanism for adapting islet beta-cell mass during postnatal development and weight gain.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vivi F. H. Jensen, Anne-Marie Molck, Jette Nowak, Johannes J. Fels, Jens Lykkesfeldt, Ingrid B. Bogh
Summary: Prolonged hypoglycemia inactivates beta-cells, but they can be rapidly reactivated when needed, demonstrating the high plasticity of beta-cells.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Adriana Moreno-Salgado, Nayeli Coyotl-Santiago, Roberto Moreno-Vazquez, Mayte Lopez-Teyssier, Mario Garcia-Carrasco, Francesco Moccia, Roberto Berra-Romani
Summary: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly rising disease with cardiovascular complications as the most common cause of death among diabetic patients. Chronic hyperglycemia can induce vascular dysfunction through damage to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which play a role in vascular tone regulation and repair. The mechanisms by which T2DM affects calcium handling in VSMCs are still not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of T2DM on calcium homeostasis in VSMCs. Results showed that T2DM decreases calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and increases the activity of store-operated channels (SOCs). Furthermore, T2DM enhances the activity of calcium extrusion mechanisms during the early stage of ATP-induced calcium transient decay and alters calcium entry during the late stage of the signal decay. These findings suggest that enhanced cytosolic calcium activity in VSMCs may contribute to vascular dysfunction associated with T2DM.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gabor Viczjan, Anna Szilagyi, Barbara Takacs, Ignac Ovari, Reka Szekeres, Vera Tarjanyi, Tamas Erdei, Vanda Teleki, Judit Zsuga, Zoltan Szilvassy, Bela Juhasz, Balazs Varga, Rudolf Gesztelyi
Summary: CBD has been shown to have effects on the adenosinergic system in obese type Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats, potentially enhancing adenosinergic protection through inhibition of adenosine transport.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucie Oberhauser, Pierre Maechler
Summary: This review discusses the role of lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity in the pathophysiology of obesity-related type 2 diabetes, specifically in the loss of beta-cell function. It highlights the effects of free fatty acid metabolism and receptor-mediated signaling related to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion on beta-cell function. Chronic exposure to high glucose and free fatty acids contributes to beta-cell dysfunction, while the glycerolipid/free fatty acid cycle is considered a protective pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Eva Tuduri, Sergi Soriano, Lucia Almagro, Eduard Montanya, Paloma Alonso-Magdalena, Angel Nadal, Ivan Quesada
Summary: This review summarizes the age-related alterations, adaptations, and failures of pancreatic β-cells at the molecular, morphological, and functional levels in both mice and humans. The findings suggest that changes in β-cell proliferation, apoptosis, and function with age may impact the development of type 2 diabetes.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Samira Aouichat, Miguel Navarro-Alarcon, Pablo Alarcon-Guijo, Diego Salagre, Marwa Ncir, Lazhar Zourgui, Ahmad Agil
Summary: The study demonstrated that melatonin can play a renoprotective role by suppressing ER stress and the pro-apoptotic IRE1α/JNK signaling pathway.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Romana Bohuslavova, Valeria Fabriciova, Ondrej Smolik, Laura Lebron-Mora, Pavel Abaffy, Sarka Benesova, Daniel Zucha, Lukas Valihrach, Zuzana Berkova, Frantisek Saudek, Gabriela Pavlinkova
Summary: NEUROD1 is a transcription factor that plays an important role in pancreatic development and is crucial for the differentiation of endocrine cells. Its deficiency disrupts endocrine cell identity acquisition and compromises their differentiation and functional properties.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Kang Chen, Xuetao Wei, Jian Zhang, Maaria Kortesniemi, Yumei Zhang, Baoru Yang
Summary: The effect of nonacylated and acylated anthocyanins on urinary metabolites in diabetic rats was investigated. The study found that both types of anthocyanins modulated the metabolites associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle, gut microbiota metabolism, and renal function. Additionally, a high dose of acylated anthocyanins improved energy production in mitochondria, glucose homeostasis, and oxidative stress.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ji-Hyun Lee, Ji-Hyeon Lee, Sushil G. Rane
Summary: Pancreatic islet beta cells play a crucial role in diabetes development, with the TGF-β pathway playing an important role in regulating beta cell development, proliferation, and function. This supports the research and therapeutic potential of targeting the TGF-β pathway in diabetes.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mate Kozma, Mariann Bombicz, Balazs Varga, Daniel Priksz, Rudolf Gesztelyi, Vera Tarjanyi, Rita Kiss, Reka Szekeres, Barbara Takacs, Akos Menes, Jozsef Balla, Gyorgy Balla, Judit Szilvassy, Zoltan Szilvassy, Bela Juhasz
Summary: Impaired mitochondrial function is associated with metabolic diseases and cardiovascular diseases. The BGP-15 derivative of vitamin B3 shows therapeutic potential in improving cardiac function and protecting mitochondrial respiration.
Review
Cell Biology
Sneha S. Varghese, Sangeeta Dhawan
Summary: Pancreatic beta-cells play a crucial role in regulating glucose homeostasis, and dysregulation of PRC-dependent epigenetic control is associated with beta-cell failure in diabetes. This review explores the multifaceted contributions of PRC modules in beta-cell specification, maintenance, and adaptation, as well as their interaction with signaling pathways. It also highlights the translational relevance of understanding the epigenetic regulation of beta-cell homeostasis in the context of diabetes and insulinomas.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Magdalena J. M. Marschall, Sarah M. Grundmann, Denise K. Gessner, Gaiping Wen, Erika Most, Klaus Eder, Robert Ringseis
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the potential of dietary insect meal from Hermetia illucens larvae to attenuate liver steatosis and hyperlipidemia in obese Zucker rats. The study conducted a 4-week trial with obese and lean Zucker rats, replacing a portion of casein protein in the diets of obese rats with protein from HI larvae meal. Results showed that the inclusion of HI larvae meal significantly reduced liver lipid accumulation and improved dyslipidemia markers in obese rats. These findings suggest the potential of HI larvae meal as a functional food for preventing obesity-related metabolic disorders.