Article
Clinical Neurology
Dror Shir, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Mary M. Machulda, Nha Trang Thu Pham, Clifford R. Jack, Val J. Lowe, Jennifer L. Whitwell, Keith A. Josephs
Summary: This study found that primary occipital posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is characterized by an older age at onset, more color perception dysfunction, less severe ideomotor apraxia, and less hypometabolism in the temporo-parietal meta-ROI compared to established phenotypes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Valeria Isella, Daniele Licciardo, Giulia Nastasi, Valentina Impagnatiello, Francesca Ferri, Cristina Mapelli, Cinzia Crivellaro, Monica Musarra, Sabrina Morzenti, Ildebrando Appollonio, Carlo Ferrarese
Summary: Late-onset and early-onset dementia exhibit neurobiological and clinical differences. This study compared the clinical and FDG-PET features of posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), the visual variant of Alzheimer's disease, between late-onset and early-onset cases. The results showed that the main difference between the two groups was a higher prevalence of Balint-Holmes symptoms in the early-onset cases, which was associated with severe bilateral occipito-temporo-parietal hypometabolism. In the late-onset cases, there was a reduction of FDG uptake mainly in the right posterior regions. Age was found to be correlated with metabolism in different brain regions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yi Chen, Qingze Zeng, Yunyun Wang, Xiao Luo, Yan Sun, Lumi Zhang, Xiaoyan Liu, Kaicheng Li, Minming Zhang, Guoping Peng
Summary: Patients with PCA and SD show global cognitive impairment, with distinct patterns of abnormal FC in language, visual, and salience networks. The FC changes are related to cognitive deficits in both syndromes.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomeng Xu, Ikbeom Jang, Junfang Zhang, Miao Zhang, Lijun Wang, Guanyu Ye, Aonan Zhao, Yichi Zhang, Biao Li, Jun Liu, Binyin Li
Summary: The cortical gray to white matter signal intensity ratio (GWR), measured from T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, is associated with neurodegeneration and dementia. This study investigates the topological patterns of GWR during Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and its association with cognitive decline. The results show that GWR exhibits different patterns in AD, which are related to beta-amyloid deposits and tau pathology. GWR can serve as a promising biomarker of neurodegeneration in AD.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Derrick N. Okine, David S. Knopman, Thomas H. Mosley, Dean F. Wong, Michelle C. Johansen, Keenan A. Walker, Clifford R. Jack Jr, Kejal Kantarci, James R. Pike, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Rebecca F. Gottesman
Summary: This study evaluated the association between CMB patterns and cerebral A beta deposition and found that a lobar-only pattern of CMBs or superficial siderosis is most strongly associated with brain A beta, while a mixed CMB pattern does not have an elevated risk.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Samantha K. K. Holden, Brianne M. M. Bettcher, Christopher M. M. Filley, Dan Lopez-Paniagua, Victoria S. S. Pelak
Summary: This study explored the relationship between scores on the Colorado Posterior Cortical Questionnaire (CPC-Q) and white matter integrity. The results showed that CPC-Q scores were correlated with DTI FA of the averaged posterior white matter regions, with the DTI FA of the posterior thalamic radiations showing the strongest association. These findings suggest that the integrity of posterior white matter tracts is related to scores on the CPC-Q, providing further validation for this questionnaire.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dilek Ocal, Ian D. McCarthy, Teresa Poole, Silvia Primativo, Tatsuto Suzuki, Nick Tyler, Chris Frost, Sebastian J. Crutch, Keir X. X. Yong
Summary: Visual processing deficits in Alzheimer's disease are associated with diminished functional independence. The effects of clutter and color contrasts on performances of everyday actions were evaluated in patients with posterior cortical atrophy and memory-led typical Alzheimer's disease.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mario Torso, Samrah Ahmed, Christopher Butler, Giovanna Zamboni, Mark Jenkinson, Steven Chance
Summary: Global cortical DTI derived measures were able to detect differences in both PCA and tAD patients compared to healthy controls. AngleR was the best measure to discriminate HC from tAD (AUC = 0.922), while PerpPD was the best measure to discriminate HC from PCA (AUC = 0.961). Finally, the best global measure to differentiate the two patient groups was ParlPD (AUC = 0.771).
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Scott Ayton, Ashley Bush
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a major disease without preventative or disease modifying therapy, and current drugs targeting amyloid beta have been unsuccessful in slowing cognitive decline. Debate is ongoing about whether to continue anti-A beta therapy or pursue alternative targets. The need for disease modifying AD therapies has become one of the highest priorities in all of medicine due to the growing burden of the disease on patients, families, and healthcare budgets.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Han Soo Yoo, Seun Jeon, Enrica Cavedo, MinJin Ko, Mijin Yun, Phil Hyu Lee, Young H. Sohn, Michel J. Grothe, Stefan Teipel, Harald Hampel, Alan C. Evans, Byoung Seok Ye
Summary: The relationship between cholinergic degeneration, beta-amyloid, brain atrophy, and cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer disease (AD) and Lewy body disease (LBD) was comparatively evaluated. The results showed a common mechanism of beta-amyloid-related degeneration with or without the mediation of basal forebrain. However, the association of basal forebrain atrophy with cognitive dysfunction was more profound in LBD, where there was also localized beta-amyloid-cortical atrophy interaction.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Victoria S. Pelak, Asher Mahmood, Kathryn Abe-Ridgway
Summary: In PCA, posterior cortical dysfunction and atrophy progress at faster rates compared to non-posterior regions, potentially up to a decade after symptom onset. Unlike typical AD, PCA phenotype-defined cognitive dysfunction and atrophy remain relatively more severe compared to other regions throughout the PCA course. Select cognitive tests hold promise as PCA outcome measures and for staging.
CURRENT NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Oleg Yerstein, Leila Parand, Li-Jung Liang, Adrienne Isaac, Mario F. Mendez
Summary: The study reviewed the clinical experience of 65 patients with PCA from 1995 to 2020, finding that most patients presented with visual localization complaints and visuospatial symptoms, with memory complaints and depression also common. Neurobehavioral testing showed difficulties in visuospatial constructions, memory, and naming in these patients. The research suggests modifying PCA criteria to include secondary memory and naming difficulties, as well as emphasizing the presence of Gerstmann's and Balint's syndromes.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Doeschka A. Ferro, Hugo J. Kuijf, Saima Hilal, Susanne J. van Veluw, Danielle van Veldhuizen, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Boon Yeow Tan, Geert Jan Biessels, Christopher Chen
Summary: This study found cortical atrophy surrounding CMIs, suggesting a perilesional effect in a cortical area many times larger than the CMI core. Our findings support the notion that CMIs affect brain structure beyond the actual lesion site.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aditya Mahindru, Ruthshee Suresh, Pradeep Patil
Summary: Posterior cortical atrophy, an atypical form of dementia, presents with dysfunction in posterior cortical regions leading to prominent visuospatial and visuoperceptual impairment. Early stages are characterized by visual symptoms, while memory, executive functioning, language, and insight are relatively preserved. Early identification and understanding of this condition are crucial for better prognosis and treatment.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Maurizio Gallucci, Vittorio Fiore, Francesca Grassivaro, Chiara Da Ronch, Laura Bonanni
Summary: The F-18-FDG PET images of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies and posterior cortical atrophy showed reduced metabolism in the occipital lobe, but relative preservation of the primary visual cortex. A 3D stereotactic surface projection map provided clearer visualization of the occipital pole sign.
CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2022)