Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Marasco, Cesare Cremon, Maria Raffaella Barbaro, Giulia Cacciari, Francesca Falangone, Anna Kagramanova, Dmitry Bordin, Vasile Drug, Egidia Miftode, Pietro Fusaroli, Salem Youssef Mohamed, Chiara Ricci, Massimo Bellini, Mohammed Masudur Rahman, Luigi Melcarne, Javier Santos, Beatriz Lobo, Serhat Bor, Suna Yapali, Deniz Akyol, Ferdane Pirincci Sapmaz, Yonca Yilmaz Urun, Tugce Eskazan, Altay Celebi, Huseyin Kacmaz, Berat Ebik, Hatice Cilem Binicier, Mehmet Sait Bugdayci, Munkhtsetseg Banzragch Yagci, Husnu Pullukcu, Berrin Yalinbas Kaya, Ali Tureyen, Ibrahim Hatemi, Elif Sitre Koc, Goktug Sirin, Ali Riza Caliskan, Goksel Bengi, Esra Ergun Alis, Snezana Lukic, Meri Trajkovska, Keren Hod, Dan Dumitrascu, Antonello Pietrangelo, Elena Corradini, Magnus Simren, Jessica Sjoelund, Navkiran Tornkvist, Uday C. Ghoshal, Olga Kolokolnikova, Antonio Colecchia, Jordi Serra, Giovanni Maconi, Roberto De Giorgio, Silvio Danese, Piero Portincasa, Antonio Di Sabatino, Marcello Maggio, Elena Philippou, Yeong Yeh Lee, Daniele Salvi, Alessandro Venturi, Claudio Borghi, Marco Zoli, Paolo Gionchetti, Pierluigi Viale, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and post-COVID-19 disorders of gut-brain interaction among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that patients with COVID-19 had higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms on hospital admission and lower rates of constipation and hard stools at 12 months post-infection compared to the control group. Additionally, the rate of irritable bowel syndrome was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than in controls.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Camilleri, Guy Boeckxstaens
Summary: This article evaluates the evidence that targeted pathophysiological mechanisms and customized treatments can be an alternative approach to treating patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The authors conducted a literature review on the mechanisms and treatments of IBS, identifying various noninvasive clinical tests that can assess the underlying mechanisms responsible for symptom generation. These mechanisms include rectal evacuation disorders, abnormal transit, visceral hypersensitivity or hypervigilance, bile acid diarrhea, sugar intolerances, barrier dysfunction, the microbiome, immune activation, and chemicals released by these mechanisms. The authors also recognized the basic molecular mechanisms contributing to these pathophysiologies, offering opportunities for interventions with medications targeted at specific food components, receptors, and potentially the microbiome. Although the evidence supporting interventions for each mechanism varies, the current state-of-the-art allows for a shift from symptom-based treatment to individualized treatment guided by pathophysiology and clinically identified biomarkers.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mihaela Fadgyas Stanculete, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Stefan-Lucian Popa, Octavia Oana Capatina
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder characterized by altered gut-brain interaction and dysfunction of the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Prior studies have shown significant impairments in the health-related quality of life of patients with IBS. Resilience, as a psychosocial ability, plays a crucial role in promoting health and enhancing stress response.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Juan J. Sebastian Domingo
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome is a common functional bowel disorder with significant impact on patients' daily lives and society's economy. It is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel movements, and its etiology and pathophysiological mechanism are still unknown.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sholpan Omarova, Karem Awad, Verena Moos, Christoph Puening, Greta Goelz, Jorg-Dieter Schulzke, Roland Buecker
Summary: This study observed patients with persistent PI-IBS symptoms after C. jejuni infection and found that the epithelial resistance of the colon epithelium was unaltered, but the permeability of HRP increased and some inflammation-related markers were elevated. Therefore, targeting these mechanisms caused by the infection may help reduce sequelae such as PI-IBS.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Das, E. O'Herlihy, F. Shanahan, P. W. O'Toole, I. B. Jeffery
Summary: Alterations in the gut mycobiome were found to be significantly different between patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and control subjects, but not among clinical subtypes of IBS. The mycobiome changes were significantly associated with alterations in the bacteriome and metabolome, but did not show a link with dietary habits. Despite co-variation with bacterial components, the mycobiome presents limited therapeutic and diagnostic potential for IBS.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Qi Su, Hein M. Tun, Qin Liu, Yun Kit Yeoh, Joyce Wing Yan Mak, Francis K. L. Chan, Siew C. Ng
Summary: This study examined the association between gut microbiota and Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) subtypes, and found that there are distinct differences in microbiota composition among different IBS subtypes. The microbial diversity is significantly reduced in IBS-D and IBS-U, but not in IBS-C. The study also identified microbial signatures associated with depression in IBS patients. Factors such as gender, age, and dietary patterns have significant effects on gut microbiota in different IBS subtypes. These findings emphasize the importance of personalized gut microbiome modulation approaches for optimal therapeutic effects in different subtypes of IBS.
Review
Immunology
Ying Gao, Peilun Ding, Junmin Wang, Caiyun Zhang, Guang Ji, Tao Wu
Summary: "Application of Metabolomics in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Review" provides an updated overview of metabolomics studies related to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in the past 5 years, including clinical studies, animal studies, and traditional Chinese medicine interventions. The review highlights the potential of metabolomics in the diagnosis and treatment of IBS, as well as the role of traditional Chinese medicine in improving IBS.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Robin Spiller
Summary: IBS is strongly influenced by diet, but identifying specific food intolerances is difficult due to the complexities of diet. Rapidly fermented carbohydrates and gut-specific mast cell activation may cause symptoms in IBS patients. More research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of food intolerances and improve personalized medicine approaches to diet in IBS.
Review
Immunology
Lin Xiao, Qin Liu, Mei Luo, Lishou Xiong
Summary: Research has identified the significant roles that microbiota-derived metabolites play in the development of IBS symptoms in patients, shedding light on the complex interplay between gut microbiota and IBS.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marcelina Radziszewska, Joanna Smarkusz-Zarzecka, Lucyna Ostrowska
Summary: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic digestive disorder that is diagnosed based on the Rome IV criteria. People with IBS often associate their symptoms with the food they eat, leading to dietary restrictions. The FODMAP diet is currently recommended for IBS patients, but it may not work for everyone. Other unconventional diets lack research support and may worsen nutritional status. Physical activity and supplementation, such as probiotics and vitamin D, can be beneficial for managing IBS symptoms. This review aims to analyze the impact of various food items, physical activity, and dietary supplementation on the course of IBS.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnieszka Chlebicz-Wojcik, Katarzyna Slizewska
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome is not life-threatening but significantly impacts quality of life and economic loss. Research focuses on the role of intestinal microbiota in disease development, with an emphasis on therapies modulating the microbiota such as probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. Most studies have focused on probiotics, but there are also promising results from studies on prebiotics and synbiotics.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ao Liu, Wenkang Gao, Yixin Zhu, Xiaohua Hou, Huikuan Chu
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder that significantly affects personal health and imposes a substantial economic burden on society. Emerging evidence suggests that IBS is associated with gut microbial dysbiosis, including not only bacteria but also fungi, viruses, archaea, and other parasitic microorganisms. Fungi and methanogens play a role in diagnosis and treatment of IBS.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Kai-Yue Huang, Feng-Yun Wang, Mi Lv, Xiang-Xue Ma, Xu-Dong Tang, Lin Lv
Summary: In the past decade, research on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has focused on the results of epidemiology, overlap disorders, pathophysiology, and treatment. With the upcoming release of Rome V revision, it is necessary to review recent research results on IBS in order to highlight future concerns.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Qiang Lu, Daopeng Tan, Jingbin Luo, Yonghao Ye, Manhua Zuo, Siyu Wang, Cailan Li
Summary: This study systematically reviews the recent advancements of natural products as potential drugs for treating irritable bowel syndrome. It demonstrates that natural products could be promising candidate drugs for IBS therapy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giulio DiDiodato, Samah Hassan, Kieran Cooley
Summary: The study aimed to determine the acceptability of medical cannabis research in critically ill patients using a Q-methodology survey. Three factors emerged from the analysis, which adequately described the relative ranking of statements by the majority of respondents. The majority of participants supported medical cannabis research in critically ill patients, with different levels of cautiousness indicated in the viewpoints.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Garry A. Tew, Laura Bissell, Belen Corbacho, Caroline Fairhurst, Jenny Howsam, Jess Hugill-Jones, Camila Maturana, Shirley-Anne S. Paul, Tim Rapley, Jenny Roche, Fi Rose, David J. Torgerson, Lesley Ward, Laura Wiley, David Yates, Catherine Hewitt
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of offering a 12-week GYY programme for older adults with multimorbidity, in comparison to no offer strategy. The trial will provide insights into the management of older adults with multiple chronic conditions.
Review
Cell Biology
Efpraxia Kritikaki, Rhiannon Asterling, Lesley Ward, Kay Padget, Esther Barreiro, Davina C. M. Simoes
Summary: Exercise training induces muscle remodelling accompanied by extracellular matrix (ECM) adaption, which plays a crucial role in muscle adaptation and remodelling processes. Further research on ECM mechanisms could lead to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for personalized exercise training medicine.
Editorial Material
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Steffany Moonaz, Daryl Nault, Holger Cramer, Lesley Ward
JOURNAL OF ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Steffany Moonaz, Daryl Nault, Holger Cramer, Lesley Ward
Summary: The CLARIFY guidelines were developed by international yoga research stakeholders to enhance the transparency and utility of yoga research reporting.
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Robin S. T. Ho, Fai Fai Ho, Jon Adams, Holger Cramer, Brenda Leung, Lesley Ward, Yan Zhang, Vincent C. H. Chung
Summary: By comparing the experiences of responders and non-responders to acupuncture, it is evident that responders value the empathy expression and trust-building with acupuncturists, and actively engage in lifestyle modifications, while non-responders focus more on reassurance regarding the safety of acupuncture and empowerment through peer support.
INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Monique Aucoin, Laura LaChance, Umadevi Naidoo, Daniella Remy, Tanisha Shekdar, Negin Sayar, Valentina Cardozo, Tara Rawana, Irina Chan, Kieran Cooley
Summary: Studies have shown associations between dietary factors and anxiety symptoms or disorder prevalence, such as a decrease in anxiety with more fruits and vegetables, omega-3 fatty acids, and healthy dietary patterns, and an increase in anxiety with high-fat diet and high intake of sugar. Results are limited by a high percentage of animal and observational studies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lesley Ward, Daryl Nault, Holger Cramer, Steffany Moonaz
Summary: This study aimed to develop a yoga-specific reporting guideline to improve the transparency of yoga interventions in research. Through a Delphi survey, consensus was reached among experts, resulting in a checklist of 21 items. The use of these yoga-specific guidelines will standardize the reporting of yoga research and facilitate its replication, dissemination, and implementation.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Esther Williamson, Graham Boniface, Ioana R. Marian, Susan J. Dutton, Angela Garrett, Alana Morris, Zara Hansen, Lesley Ward, Philippa J. A. Nicolson, David Rogers, Karen L. Barker, Jeremy Fairbank, Judith Fitch, David P. French, Christine Comer, Christian D. Mallen, Sarah E. Lamb
Summary: The study found that the BOOST program significantly improved mobility for older adults with neurogenic claudication. However, there was no significant difference in Oswestry Disability Index scores between the BOOST program and best practice advice at 12 months. The BOOST program showed better results in walking capacity and reducing falls risk.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Frances Griffiths, Cynthia Srikesavan, Lesley Ward, Graham Boniface, Esther Williamson, Sarah E. Lamb
Summary: Neurogenic claudication (NC) can cause pain and reduced mobility, limiting successful ageing in older people. This study explored how individuals with NC changed over 12 months. The results showed that trajectories of improvement varied among participants, with early improvements sometimes remaining the same, transient changes, and no change also observed. There were interactions between biopsychosocial domains, and understanding these trajectories may help provide personalized therapy.
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Monique Aucoin, Genevieve Newton, Matthew Leach, Kieran Cooley
Summary: The objective of this study was to design a tailored continuing education (CE) course for Canadian naturopathic doctors (NDs) to improve their evidence-based practice (EBP) skills. Focus groups were used to solicit the needs and preferences of NDs regarding an EBP course. The findings revealed a high understanding and interest in EBP among participants, and provided actionable recommendations for course development.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Elise Cogo, Mohamed Elsayed, Sukriti Bhardwaj, Kieran Cooley, Christilynn Aycho, Vivian Liang, Peter Papadogianis, Athanasios Psihogios, Dugald Seely
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of mistletoe extract during the oncological perioperative period. The results showed no significant difference in mortality and recurrence between mistletoe extract and no added therapy. However, two studies reported improvements in immune cells and quality of life with mistletoe extract. Although there were reports of adverse events and toxicities, no safety signals were detected overall.
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Matthew J. Leach, Monique Aucoin, Kieran Cooley
Summary: This study investigated the attitudes, preparedness, and engagement of Canadian naturopathic doctors (NDs) in evidence-based practice (EBP) and identified barriers and enablers to EBP uptake. The findings revealed that most participants had positive attitudes towards EBP and reported medium-high to high skill levels in EBP-related activities. Lack of clinical evidence in naturopathy and lack of time were identified as notable barriers, while access to the internet and online databases were considered useful enablers for EBP engagement.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Elise Cogo, Mohamed Elsayed, Vivian Liang, Kieran Cooley, Christilynn Guerin, Athanasios Psihogios, Peter Papadogianis
Summary: This study systematically evaluated the safety and efficacy of probiotics in oncological surgery, finding that most formulations were beneficial in preventing infections, but some may have potential harms. The results emphasize that probiotics are not homogeneous microorganisms. Further high-quality research is warranted to validate the promising probiotics identified in this study.
Review
Oncology
Elise Cogo, Mohamed Elsayed, Vivian Liang, Kieran Cooley, Christilynn Guerin, Athanasios Psihogios, Peter Papadogianis
Summary: The use of branched-chain amino acids in cancer patients undergoing surgery showed promising results in reducing post-operative infections and ascites, as well as benefiting body weight and hospitalization length. No significant differences were found in mortality, recurrence, and other post-operative complications between the BCAAs group and the control group.
INTEGRATIVE CANCER THERAPIES
(2021)
