Article
Thermodynamics
Ali Hashemizadeh, Yanbing Ju, Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini Bamakan, Hoang Phong Le
Summary: The research identified and categorized investment risk factors of renewable energies in the Belt and Road Initiative countries using the TODIM method, weighted by the F-ANP method, and ranked different renewable energy sources using COPRAS, MABAC, and GRA methods under uncertainty conditions. The results indicated that wind energy has lower investment risk and higher economic justification compared to other renewable energy sources.
Article
Environmental Studies
Paul A. Anderson, Robert S. Pomeroy
Summary: Governments in some parts of the world have recently restricted or closed commercial marine aquarium fisheries, affecting the livelihoods of individuals who depend on them. This study assesses the commercial marine aquarium fish fishery in Florida and its regulatory landscape, providing guidance for stakeholders and highlighting successful regulations that can be adopted in other areas. The study finds that Florida has a strong regulatory structure and has implemented co-management, license and permitting requirements, and various measures to control fishing mortality. Surveys indicate stable or increasing catch trends for most fish species. Recommendations for the future include assessing the economic impacts, developing a comprehensive fisheries management plan, addressing data gaps, and gaining national support for state-level management.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Carlos Lopez, Inmaculada Colmenar Gonzalez, Oscar Andreu Sanchez, Veronica Vela, Maida Domat Rodriguez
Summary: Data on the potential impact of engineered nanomaterials on human health are limited, particularly in terms of exposure levels throughout their life cycle. Prioritizing responsible handling of nanomaterials can promote sustainability by reducing occupational exposure risks, protecting employees' well-being, minimizing liability, and avoiding expensive environmental remediation efforts. This study evaluates the risk of carbon-based nanomaterials in real scenarios, such as research laboratories, pilot-scale facilities, and industrial settings. Through various instruments, including scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, the particulate matter in these environments, including nanoscale particles, was characterized for risk assessment. Exposure estimation was conducted using the nanoGEM methodology, and the handling of reduced graphene oxide in a pilot plant was identified as the activity with the highest risk of exposure. Additionally, high particle concentrations were found during the dispersion of carbon nanotubes and incorporation of carbonaceous nanoparticles into resins.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mats Danielson, Love Ekenberg, Nadejda Komendantova, Adriana Mihai
Summary: In this article, we summarize the findings of a project supported by the EU that focused on policy analyses for managing pandemics like Covid-19. The study considered various mitigation levels and consequences and used decision trees and multi-criteria hierarchies for systematic policy analyses. The results showed the feasibility of the model in real-time policy-making for pandemic mitigation measures.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Qing Deng, Xingyu Xiao, Lin Zhu, Xue Cao, Kai Liu, Hui Zhang, Lida Huang, Feng Yu, Huiling Jiang, Yi Liu
Summary: In order to coordinate epidemic control and economic development, this study proposes a national risk analysis model (NRAM) combining Bayesian network (BN) with other methods. The model is built and applied through three steps and shows better performance in the assessment of spreading risk at different countries. Moreover, it reveals that higher education level and stricter government measures can achieve better epidemic prevention and control effects.
Article
Forestry
Courtney A. Schultz, Lauren F. Miller, Sarah Michelle Greiner, Chad Kooistra
Summary: This study assessed the perceived value of Risk Management Assistance (RMA) and the factors affecting its use in improving wildfire decision-making. While RMA helped line officers communicate decisions more clearly, factors such as personality, pre-season exposure to RMA, local political dynamics, and decision biases influenced its utilization. The findings highlight the complexities of embracing risk management in fire management and similar emergency contexts.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Farooq Ahmad, Samar A. Abubshait, Haya A. Abubshait
Summary: Engineered nanomaterials (ENM) are extensively used in various industries due to their superior properties. These materials can enter the human body through different exposure routes, causing metabolic dysregulation. Advances in metabolomics technology allow us to study the metabolic disturbances induced by ENM.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Gustavo Machado, Luis Gustavo Corbellini, Alba Frias-De-Diego, Gustavo Nogueira Dieh, Diego Viali dos Santos, Manuel Jara, Eduardo de Freitas Costa
Summary: The study assessed the transmission risk of EIAV in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, through analyzing serum samples for viral antibodies and using a risk assessment stochastic model to estimate new infections. The number of transported animals and test sensitivity were found to have the most significant influence on the model. Changing the diagnostic testing requirements for animal movement impacted the future incidence of EIAV in the region.
PREVENTIVE VETERINARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Mehak Puri, Kavita Gandhi, M. Suresh Kumar
Summary: Emerging contaminants, including pharmaceuticals, hormones, and flame retardants, are synthetic or natural substances often uncontrolled or monitored in the environment. The increasing consumption or use of these substances leads to their widespread presence in various environmental matrices, posing severe risks to human health and the biota.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Economics
Ekaterina Rhodes, William A. Scott, Mark Jaccard
Summary: Flexible regulations are seen as a relatively cost-effective, broadly supported, and complementary tool to achieve deep emissions reductions. However, their implementation requires considerations of policy design and interaction equity impacts.
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Ruilian Zhang, Sandy Worden, Junzhuo Xu, John R. Owen, Guoqing Shi
Summary: This study used fuzzy qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to examine the impact of social stability risk assessment (SSRA) policies on the economic competitiveness of provinces in China. The research found that SSRA policies that address social stability issues and specific industry problems are crucial for supporting high economic competitiveness, while policies focusing solely on the performance of government officials can lead to lower economic competitiveness.
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zijian Li
Summary: This study proposes a regulatory screening approach to evaluate pesticide allocation factors (AFs) for different exposure pathways. By integrating various models, the study estimates the human intake of pesticide residues from crops, livestock products, and environmental media. The results show that crop exposure contributes significantly to pesticide exposure, while legacy pesticides with high lipophilicity and low degradability mainly expose through environmental compartments.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emanuela Bianchi Janetti, Monica Riva, Alberto Guadagnini
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive framework for the protection of natural springs and probabilistic risk assessment in uncertain groundwater system characterizations. The research focuses on a regional-scale hydrogeological setting in Northern Italy, with high-quality springs forming a unique system of critical importance. By considering uncertainties in model parameters and conceptual models, the study quantifies the risk of system failure due to various groundwater extraction strategies and identifies the most vulnerable springs.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Nikolaos Katsoulas, Dimitrios Antoniadis, Andreas Nikitas
Summary: There is a pressing need to reduce the use of hazardous pesticides in horticulture and implement alternative approaches for pests and diseases control. A web-based decision support system has been developed to estimate the risk of fungi disease outbreak in a greenhouse based on crop microclimate conditions and cultivation practices.
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
H. Korsgaard, R. S. Hendriksen, J. Ellis-Iversen
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global pandemic that poses a significant threat to future treatment of even minor infectious diseases. This study developed a rapid risk assessment tool, RRA-AMR-Food, to help regulators and policymakers evaluate the need for risk management when a new or critically important AMR gene is detected in food.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Marta Bonato, Beatrice Sambo, Anna Sperotto, James H. Lambert, Igor Linkov, Andrea Critto, Silvia Torresan, Antonio Marcomini
Summary: The increasing magnitude and frequency of climate and disruptive factors are stressing coastal systems, exacerbated by various factors like land use transformations and urbanization. By applying a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), integrating qualitative and quantitative information, system resilience in facing climate-related threats can be enhanced. Different policy initiatives were considered to support critical functions identified by local stakeholders, with cognitive and informative initiatives proving to enhance resilience across most scenarios.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sergey Vecherin, Derek Chang, Emily Wells, Benjamin Trump, Aaron Meyer, Jacob Desmond, Kyle Dunn, Maxim Kitsak, Igor Linkov
Summary: This paper presents a novel model for COVID-19 infection risks and policy evaluations, which combines the best principles of different approaches. It allows for effective risk assessment and policy evaluation, particularly suitable for COVID-19 risk assessments.
JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Benjamin D. Trump, Maureen S. Golan, Jeffrey M. Keisler, Jeffrey C. Cegan, Igor Linkov
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
David G. Angeler, Harris A. Eyre, Michael Berk, Craig R. Allen, William Hynes, Igor Linkov
Summary: Adaptive capacity is crucial for building resilience in healthcare, but shocks like the Covid-19 pandemic can lead to system collapse. Both adaptive and transformative changes are necessary for effective management of healthcare systems during crises. Integration of mental health and other interdisciplinary paradigms can facilitate resilience planning and management.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Igor Linkov
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
William Hynes, Benjamin D. Trump, Alan Kirman, Andrew Haldane, Igor Linkov
Summary: This article introduces a framework for understanding economic resilience factors and implementing strategies, with a focus on increasing resilience through design and intervention. The authors suggest that a deeper understanding of the underlying structure of the economic system could lead to more enlightened policy decisions and better long-term outcomes.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emerson Mahoney, Maureen Golan, Margaret Kurth, Benjamin D. Trump, Igor Linkov
Summary: The fragility of food security and supply chains for remote and Indigenous communities has been revealed by the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, we emphasize the challenges faced by the Tribal Population of Noepe (Martha's Vineyard) and advocate for the incorporation of Resilience-by-Design and Resilience-by-Intervention in supply chain management.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Management
Robert Horton, Gregory A. Kiker, Benjamin D. Trump, Igor Linkov
Summary: The Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport serves as an example highlighting the drawbacks of traditional approaches in protecting isolated components of critical infrastructure. These approaches fail to address the risks of cascading failures, which can result in significant costs and unacceptable levels of vulnerability. To optimize the airport supply chain, an interdisciplinary approach is needed, taking into account the complex relationships between various components. Resilience-focused strategies that encompass the entire disruption life cycle, including planning, absorption, recovery, and adaptation, can offer a higher return on investment.
JOURNAL OF CONTINGENCIES AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ayodeji Oseni, Nour Moustafa, Gideon Creech, Nasrin Sohrabi, Andrew Strelzoff, Zahir Tari, Igor Linkov
Summary: The paper proposes an explainable deep learning-based intrusion detection framework to improve transparency and resiliency of DL-based IDS in IoT networks. The framework employs SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) mechanism to interpret decisions made by deep learning-based IDS and help cybersecurity experts validate the system's effectiveness and develop more cyber-resilient systems. Experimental results show that the proposed framework performs highly in protecting IoV networks against sophisticated cyber-attacks.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maksim Kitsak, Alexander Ganin, Ahmed Elmokashfi, Hongzhu Cui, Daniel A. Eisenberg, David L. Alderson, Dmitry Korkin, Igor Linkov
Summary: Obtaining shortest paths between nodes in complex networks is difficult when there is incomplete information on the network structure. However, the authors have discovered that these paths can be geometrically localized in hyperbolic representations of the networks, allowing them to be detected even in the presence of missing network links. The authors demonstrate the usefulness of this geometric pathfinding in Internet routing and reconstructing cellular pathways.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Larry B. Barber, Heidi M. Pickard, David A. Alvarez, Jitka Becanova, Steffanie H. Keefe, Denis R. LeBlanc, Rainer Lohmann, Jeffery A. Steevens, Alan M. Vajda
Summary: Aqueous film-forming foams used during fire training at Joint Base Cape Cod caused significant PFAS groundwater contamination. The potential for PFAS bioconcentration from contaminated groundwater exposure was assessed through laboratory experiments using fish, mussels, POCIS, and PETS. The study found species- and compound-specific differences in bioconcentration factors and linear and bilinear uptake patterns for PFAS.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jeffery A. Steevens, Rebecca Dorman, Eric Brunson, James Kunz, Erin L. Pulster, S. Rebekah Burket, Kevin M. Stroski, Jaylen L. Sims, Matt F. Simcik, Bryan W. Brooks
Summary: This study investigates the bioaccumulation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in freshwater mussels and finds that they have relatively low bioaccumulation compared to other aquatic invertebrates and fish.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ning Wang, Rebecca A. A. Dorman, James L. L. Kunz, Danielle Cleveland, Jeffery A. A. Steevens, Suzanne Dunn, A. David Martinez
Summary: This study evaluated the chronic toxicity of potassium ions (tested as KCl) to a commonly tested freshwater mussel and found that water hardness had a limited influence on the chronic toxicity of potassium. The results can be used to establish chronic toxicity thresholds for potassium and derive environmental guideline values to protect freshwater mussels and other organisms.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
S. Rebekah Burket, Jaylen L. Sims, Rebecca Dorman, Nile Kemble, Eric Brunson, Jeffery A. Steevens, Bryan W. Brooks
Summary: Bioaccumulation of ionizable pharmaceuticals, specifically antidepressants, in freshwater bivalves has been observed to be higher compared to fish. This is important for biodiversity as a significant number of freshwater bivalve species are already at risk of extinction. Therefore, further research on the bioaccumulation of pharmaceuticals in freshwater bivalves is warranted.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
David J. Soucek, Rebecca A. Dorman, Erin L. Pulster, Brittany G. Perrotta, David M. Walters, Jeffery A. Steevens
Summary: This study investigated the short- and long-term effects of two commonly detected compounds, perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), on the laboratory-reared mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer in water only exposures. The study found that mayflies were highly sensitive to PFOS and PFOA, with PFOS being more toxic than PFOA. The research highlights the risks of PFOS to freshwater insects and suggests the need for further investigation into the toxicity of different compounds on these organisms.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xintong Zhang, Yanhong Liu, Wei Liu, Liqing Chen, Mingji Jin, Zhonggao Gao, Wei Huang
Summary: This study developed a macrophage-hitchhiking gene delivery system for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The system demonstrated excellent targeting ability and nuclear entry ability, leading to efficient transfection of interleukin-10 in macrophages and alleviation of inflammation symptoms. This research provides a novel strategy for gene therapy and gene delivery system design for rheumatoid arthritis and other similar inflammatory diseases.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Richard K. Cross, Dave Spurgeon, Claus Svendsen, Elma Lahive, Simon Little, Frank von der Kammer, Frederic Loosli, Marianne Matzke, Teresa F. Fernandes, Vicki Stone, Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg, Eric A. J. Bleeker
Summary: Even small changes in physicochemical properties of nanoforms (NFs) can influence their environmental fate and hazard. Testing and characterizing each individual NF will not be feasible due to the large number of new materials being developed. Targeting the most relevant form of the NF for a given exposure is important for efficient risk assessment. In aquatic systems, functional fate processes play a key role in determining the exposure relevant form of NFs. Grouping of NFs and read-across based on functional fate pathways can be justified by considering the shared fate and hazard profile. A new Integrated Approaches to Testing and Assessment (IATA) is presented, focusing on dissolution, dispersion stability, chemical transformations, and the contribution to toxicity from particles and dissolved components. This IATA can be used as a template for future in vivo kinetic assessments.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Minhui Lu, Xiaoxuan Zhang, Lijun Cai, Jingjing Gan, Jinglin Wang, Yu Wang, Yuanjin Zhao
Summary: Researchers have proposed a novel black phosphorus-loaded hydrogel inverse opal microneedle patch that exhibits photothermal responsive capacity and vivid structural color screening for psoriasis treatment. With improved materials, structures, and functions, the microneedle patch enables intelligent drug delivery and enhances drug loading and controllable release.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qianyun Tang, Dandan Wang, Jinhui Cui, Yiheng Zhang, Junyang Mei, Jing Du, Anyue Xia, Qian Sun, Dan Luo, Baosan Han, Mingzhe Gan, Peifeng Liu
Summary: This study presents a novel microfluidic platform for precise and flexible control of oxygen concentrations in microbial suspension culture. The platform demonstrates unique capabilities for spatiotemporal gas control and detection, allowing for applications in screening, studying, and culturing industrial or niche-specific environmental microbiomes.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jiaen Wu, Hao Chen, Jiawei Xu, Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman, Shengmei Li, Jie Wang, Shifen Huang, Charles C. Han, Shanshan Xu, Ying Liu
Summary: This review categorizes the potential health risks of microplastic pollution by focusing on the three primary pollution sources. It provides an in-depth analysis of the pharmacokinetics, toxicity potential, and biological mechanism of microplastics in the human body. The review aims to fill knowledge gaps about the toxicity of microplastics on human health and provide ideas for repairing the damage caused by microplastics.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fanshu Ma, Yi Cao, Jincong Yan, Zhongzhong Lu, Lina Sun, Zahid Hussain, Zheng Wang, Li Wang, Renjun Pei
Summary: This study proposes a simple yet powerful method to create multifunctional hybrid nanovesicles that combine the characteristics of oncolytic viruses and pyroptosis, leading to enhanced tumor targeting and improved immune response. The results demonstrate excellent tumor inhibition efficacy against melanoma and pulmonary metastasis.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fangmian Wei, Johannes Karges, Siyuan Gao, Lili Wang, Xiting Zhang, Xing-Can Shen, Liangnian Ji, Hui Chao
Summary: This study presents the coordination of Ru(II) polypyridine complexes to graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for oxygen-self-sufficient two-photon photodynamic immunotherapy. The conjugates were found with strong two-photon absorption and could generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce cell death and inhibit tumor growth through immune system activation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Weiwei Zheng, Shun-Yu Yao, Haijun Hu, Xiping Chen, Zhefeng Qian, Wenxing Liu, Yang Zhu, Zhengwei Mao, Dong-Sheng Guo, Changyou Gao
Summary: In this study, a hypoxia-responsive self-assembled peptide hydrogel was prepared for ischemic stroke treatment. The hydrogel showed the ability to release drugs and effectively improve motor function, reduce infarct volume, and alleviate inflammation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qianqian Qiao, Jinyu Wang, Kai Long, Linwei Li, Jiahao Chen, Yuhao Guo, Ziqiang Xu, Ying Kuang, Tianjiao Ji, Cao Li
Summary: This study developed a catalytic system using titanium-based MXene nanosheets to load enzymes and anticancer drugs. The nanosheets demonstrated catalase-like activity and photothermal capability, enabling enhanced cancer treatment through starvation therapy and alleviation of hypoxia. In vitro and in vivo studies confirmed the effective anticancer capability of this enzyme cascade system.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shiyang Wu, Yan He, Ruiqi Zhou, Chunlin Chen, Dawei Chen, Haiyang Hu
Summary: In this research, LDHA@MIP-DSD nanoparticles were designed to enhance the effectiveness of immunogenic cell death (ICD) in cancer immunotherapy. LDHA@MIP-DSD improved the accessibility of nanodrugs to cancer cells by surface imprinting LDHA and induced autophagy with SLN. The combination of these two effects resulted in optimal immune stimulation and antitumor efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xu Zhang, Kejian Shi, Jiahui Mao, Kerou Mao, Yangrui Jia, Jiakun Zhang, Qingzhen Wang, Ru Bai, Fene Gao, Shihui Liu, Mengyu Guo, Fenglan Qin, Shengmin Li, Chunying Chen, Huige Zhou, Jing Liu, Fulin Chen
Summary: Compared with vein injection, oral administration is a preferred non-invasive and self-help treatment option for cancer therapy. However, the harsh gastrointestinal tract and biological barriers limit the stability and efficiency of oral drug delivery systems. To overcome these challenges, researchers have developed Cyssome, a drug delivery platform that can maintain stability in harsh environments, penetrate biological barriers, and improve drug release and bioavailability.