Article
Food Science & Technology
Patrick G. Telmer, Megan J. Kelman, Justin B. Renaud, Mark W. Sumarah, Christopher P. Garnham
Summary: This study reported an amine oxidase (AnFAO) from a fumonisin-producing Aspergillus niger strain, which can reduce the concentrations of intact fumonisins in maize and maize products. The researchers found that AnFAO effectively deaminated fumonisins in milled maize flour, whole kernel maize, and dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS). They also engineered the yeast Pichia pastoris to produce functional AnFAO in both secreted and intracellular forms. These results support the further development and application of AnFAO as a promising tool to remediate fumonisin-contaminated maize and maize products.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alina Mihalcea, Sonia Amariei
Summary: Crops can be contaminated by fungi producing mycotoxins, with over 400 different mycotoxins described so far. This study evaluates the prevalence of mycotoxins in corn and corn-derived products in Romania. Fumonisins were found to be the most prevalent mycotoxin, while zearalenone had the lowest presence. The levels of these mycotoxins were within the legal limits.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Aldrey Nathalia Ribeiro Correa, Cristiano Dietrich Ferreira
Summary: This article introduces the regulations and maximum tolerated limits for mycotoxins in Brazil, and discusses the findings of recent studies indicating that several grains intended for human consumption in Brazil exceed the mycotoxins limits. The co-occurrence of mycotoxins in different grains grown in Brazil is also addressed.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Laura Righetti, Chiara Dall'Asta, Luigi Lucini, Paola Battilani
Summary: The study found that under the same environmental conditions, there was higher activation of lipid signaling systems in hybrid H22 compared to H21, suggesting that less susceptible hybrids may have other pathways to limit fumonisin B accumulation. The results highlight the crucial role of oxylipin and sphingolipid signaling in modulating the complex maize response to F. verticillioides infection.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Cindy Johana Romero Donato, Eugenia Cendoya, Luisina Delma Demonte, Maria Rosa Repetti, Sofia Noemi Chulze, Maria Laura Ramirez
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of water activity, temperature, and incubation time on the mycelial growth and aflatoxin production of three Aspergillus flavus strains in a chickpea-based medium. The results showed that aflatoxin concentrations varied considerably depending on the interactions of water activity and temperature.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Elodie Lassallette, Pi Nyvall Collen, Philippe Guerre
Summary: This study investigated the effects of the mycotoxin fumonisins on different types of sphingolipids. The results showed that fumonisins had significant effects on m18:0, m18:1, d18:2, and corresponding ceramides, while the t18:0 forms were less affected. In addition, d18:1 and d18:0 sphingolipids were important variables for explaining the grouping of chickens fed with fumonisins, while other sphingolipids did not have an effect. The C22-C24:C16 ratios may have potential as biomarkers, but further study is needed.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Paula Rodrigues, Arij Jelassi, Elifa Kanoun, Michael Sulyok, Paula Correia, Elsa Ramalhosa, Ermelinda Lopes Pereira
Summary: Almond production is crucial for the economy of Portugal's main producing areas, but the presence of fungi and mycotoxins poses a risk to food safety. This study examined the impact of storage conditions on the stability and safety of almonds. Two varieties of almonds were stored under different conditions for 9 months, and microbial loads, mold incidence, and mycotoxin contamination were analyzed. Storage at 60% relative humidity and 25 degrees Celsius proved to be effective in maintaining the quality and safety of almonds.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
D. Tardieu, A. Travel, C. Le Bourhis, J-P Metayer, A. Mika, D. Cleva, C. Boissieu, P. Guerre
Summary: The study found that alpha-zearalanol (alpha-ZOL) and FB1 were the most abundant metabolites in the livers of turkeys and chickens, and their concentrations decreased over time. The concentration of FB1 in turkeys and chickens decreased linearly with time, while the concentration of alpha-ZOL decreased exponentially.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yordin D. Ocampo-Acuna, Enrique Salazar-Rios, M. Angeles Ramirez-Cisneros, Maria Yolanda Rios
Summary: This article provides a compilation of liquid chromatography methods for the analysis of fumonisins. It categorizes the methods based on the matrix, analytes, instrument, and method conditions, and discusses their application in various matrices such as food, beverages, and biological samples. The review also includes information on legislation, extraction, cleanup methods, derivatization procedures, and limits of detection and quantification for fumonisins.
ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Pierre Schambri, Sophie Brunet, Jean-Denis Bailly, Didier Kleiber, Cecile Levasseur-Garcia
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different popcorn processing methods on mycotoxin levels, showing that hot oil popping significantly reduces levels of fumonisins and deoxynivalenol. Hot oil popping provides the most important reduction for both types of popcorn, with an average reduction of 98% for fumonisins and 58% for deoxynivalenol.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Syamilah Nordin, Nurul Afifah Samsudin, Effarizah Mohd Esah, Latiffah Zakaria, Jinap Selamat, Mohd Azuar Hamizan Rahman, Norlia Mahror
Summary: This study aimed to identify and assess the fungal contamination and mycotoxigenic potential of spices commonly used in Malaysian cuisine. The results showed the risk of fungal infection in spices and potential exposure to mycotoxins.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Joao Raul Belinato, Carina Pedrosa Costa, Adelaide Almeida, Silvia M. Rocha, Fabio Augusto
Summary: The study investigated the Aspergillus niger exometabolome using advanced gas chromatography and multivariate analysis, proposing a metabolite biomarker pattern. The research revealed the potential applicability of A. niger biomarkers for early detection of fungi contamination, highlighting the importance of rapid detection methods for food safety.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jianyun Zhao, Tianxiao Cheng, Wenjing Xu, Xiaomin Han, Jing Zhang, Hongyuan Zhang, Chong Wang, Seamus Fanning, Fengqin Li
Summary: The study assessed the occurrence of twelve mycotoxins in wheat samples harvested in China in 2018. DON was found to be the most predominant mycotoxin, followed by other mycotoxins. Samples from provinces along the Yangtze River had a higher positive rate for Fusarium mycotoxins. The co-occurrence of fumonisins, DONs and its derivatives, ZEN, and/or NIV was found to be 37.6%, with higher levels of DON and its derivatives in wheat samples in 2018 compared to 2017.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Alejandro Ortega-Beltran, Ranajit Bandyopadhyay
Summary: The conflict between Ukraine and Russia will have negative impacts on both food security and food safety. Due to the conflict, crops that would have been produced in and exported from Ukraine will need to be grown elsewhere, increasing the risk of mycotoxin contamination. This contamination can have detrimental effects on health, society, and the economy.
PLANTS PEOPLE PLANET
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Evgenia Lampi, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Jaime Aguilera, Giulio Di Piazza, Rita Ferreira de Sousa, Yi Liu, Andrew Chesson
Summary: The genetically modified Aspergillus niger strain is used to produce the food enzyme chymosin, which has been evaluated to be safe for use in milk processing. The enzyme is free from viable cells and DNA of the production organism. The dietary exposure to the enzyme in European populations is estimated to be below 0.09 mg/kg bw per day. The enzyme has been tested for genotoxicity and systemic toxicity, and the results indicate that it does not raise safety concerns. The likelihood of allergic reactions from dietary exposure is considered low, although some similarity to respiratory allergens was found. Overall, the data provided support the conclusion that this food enzyme is safe under the intended conditions of use.
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Nikola Medic, Elisabeth Varga, Dedmer B. Van de Waal, Thomas Ostenfeld Larsen, Per Juel Hansen
Summary: Prymnesium parvum is a harmful algal species that causes algal blooms with significant ecological and economic consequences. This study investigated the influence of irradiance on cellular content and production of prymnesins, the toxic compounds produced by P. parvum. The results showed that irradiance had a significant impact on prymnesin cell quota and production rates, and there were substantial differences between two P. parvum strains.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sang-Woo Lee, Kim Tai Tran, Ruben Vazquez-Uribe, Charlotte Held Gotfredsen, Mads Hartvig Clausen, Blanca Lopez Mendez, Guillermo Montoya, Anders Bach, Morten Otto Alexander Sommer
Summary: CRISPR/Cas9 activity can be controlled by a small-molecule ligand identified in this study, which inhibits Cas9:gRNA complex formation by directly binding to apo-Cas9. These molecules may serve as Cas9 modulators in various applications.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xinhui Wang, Rachel Serrano, Victor Gonzalez-Menendez, Thomas A. Mackenzie, Maria C. Ramos, Jens C. Frisvad, Thomas O. Larsen
Summary: The paper uses MS/MS-based molecular networking to study the metabolome of A. caelatus, leading to the discovery of new diketopiperazines and aspergillicins. A MS-guided isolation procedure resulted in six new compounds, including two known compounds. Structures were elucidated by analyzing spectroscopic data, and the absolute configuration was determined through a combination of analysis methods.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mohamed Shaaban, Ahmed S. Abdel-Razek, Viola Previtali, Mads Hartvig Clausen, Charlotte H. Gotfredsen, Hartmut Laatsch, Ling Ding
Summary: In this study, a fungal endophyte, Aspergillus sp. strain FVL2, isolated from the traditional medicinal fennel plant, was investigated for its secondary metabolites. Three new natural products, along with 14 known metabolites, were discovered through fermentation and chromatographic separation. The chemical structures of the new metabolites were determined using NMR spectroscopy and ESI HR mass spectrometry. This discovery of diverse secondary metabolites expands the chemical space of Aspergillus.
NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Ecology
L. Perini, C. Gostincar, M. Likar, J. C. Frisvad, R. Kostanjsek, M. Nicholes, C. Williamson, A. M. Anesio, P. Zalar, N. Gunde-Cimerman
Summary: Heavily pigmented glacier ice algae reduce the albedo of the Greenland Ice Sheet, contributing to eustatic sea-level rise. In an experimental study, it was found that the fungus P. anthracinoglaciei had a positive relationship with glacier ice algae, while Articulospora sp. did not seem to be involved in pigment conversion. Additionally, the presence of the zoosporic fungus Chytridiomycota increased, suggesting their role as decomposers or parasites of glacier ice algae.
Review
Mycology
Marie L. Overgaard, Trine Aalborg, Emil J. Zeuner, Klaus R. Westphal, Frederik A. Lau, Vibeke S. Nielsen, Kasper B. Carstensen, Emil A. Hundeboll, Tia A. Westermann, Gustav G. Rathsach, Jens L. Sorensen, Jens C. Frisvad, Reinhard Wimmer, Teis E. Sondergaard
Summary: Apiospora and Arthrinium have undergone significant changes in phylogenetic affiliation in the past decade. They have recently been divided into two separate clades, with Apiospora being the majority and several species changing from Arthrinium to Apiospora. The first genome annotation was available in 2020, revealing the high potential for novel secondary metabolite production in these unexplored genera. This review presents the current knowledge of 269 secondary metabolites isolated from these fungal genera, highlighting compounds with known biological or toxic effects. (c) 2022 British Mycological Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FUNGAL BIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinhui Wang, Scott A. Jarmusch, Jens C. Frisvad, Thomas O. Larsen
Summary: This review covers all known biosynthetic compound families and their structural diversity from black aspergilli, with a focus on metabolites that have been firmly linked to their corresponding BGCs.
NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Henri Chedotal, Dilip Narayanan, Katrine Povlsen, Charlotte H. Gotfredsen, Roberta Brambilla, Michael Gajhede, Anders Bach, Mads H. Clausen
Summary: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in immune system homeostasis and various diseases. Biologics targeting TNF have limitations, and therefore, small molecules and alternative strategies for modulating TNF signaling are being explored.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Oceance Savary, Emmanuel Coton, Marie-Bernadette Maillard, Frederic Gaucheron, Christophe Le Meur, Jens Frisvad, Anne Thierry, Jean-Luc Jany, Monika Coton
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the functional impact of Bisifusarium domesticum and other cheese-associated fungi on cheese-making. Their lipolytic and proteolytic activities, as well as their potential to produce volatile and non-volatile secondary metabolites, were assessed. Four novel cheese-associated species, including Bisifusarium allantoides, Bisifusarium penicilloides, Longinectria lagenoides, and Long-inectria verticilliformis, were described, and these species showed potential in lipid production.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Charlotte O. O. Wilhelmsen, Alexandros Pasadakis-Kavounis, Johan V. V. Christiansen, Thomas Isbrandt, Mads R. R. Almind, Thomas O. O. Larsen, Johan Hjelm, Jens Laurids Sorensen, Jens Muff
Summary: This study demonstrates the influence of phoenicin and its dimer on the capacity performance of phoenicin as a negolyte in a redox flow battery. The biosynthesized fungal quinone mix of phoenicin shows the ability to store four electrons per phoenicin molecule in a redox flow battery negolyte. A detailed analysis is conducted to understand the chemical stability of phoenicin in an alkaline environment.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Mycology
Celine Petersen, Trine Sorensen, Mikkel R. Nielsen, Teis E. Sondergaard, Jens L. Sorensen, David A. Fitzpatrick, Jens C. Frisvad, Kare L. Nielsen
Summary: In this study, researchers sequenced 93 Penicillium isolates and established a species phylogeny and pangenome. They found that approximately half of the genes are shared among 98 or more isolates. They also discovered 15 lateral gene transfer events that have played a role in the evolution and adaptation of these fungi. This comprehensive characterization of the Penicillium genus surpasses single-reference genomes and captures the genetic variation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jianbo Jian, Zhangyan Wu, Arisbe Silva-Nunez, Xiaohui Li, Xiaomin Zheng, Bei Luo, Yun Liu, Xiaodong Fang, Christopher T. Workman, Thomas Ostenfeld Larsen, Per Juel Hansen, Eva C. Sonnenschein
Summary: This study successfully assembled the genomes of two Prymnesium parvum strains using PacBio HiFi long reads and DNBseq short reads, providing valuable resources for studying harmful algal blooms.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peter Klemmed Bjork, Nicolai Tidemand Johansen, Nanna Weise Havshoi, Silas Anselm Rasmussen, Johan orskov Ipsen, Thomas Isbrandt, Thomas Ostenfeld Larsen, Anja Thoe Fuglsang
Summary: The specific components trichorzin PA (tPA) II and tPA VI in Trichoderma spp. fungal extracts can enhance the activity of H+-ATPase on plant membranes, thereby promoting plant growth. These components belong to the class of peptaibols, which can form indiscriminate ion channels and exhibit pesticidal activity. Peptaibol-mediated H+-ATPase activation is a concentration-dependent balance.
Article
Electrochemistry
Charlotte Overgaard Wilhelmsen, Sebastian Birkedal Kristensen, Oliver Nolte, Ivan A. Volodin, Johan Vormsborg Christiansen, Thomas Isbrandt, Trine Sorensen, Celine Petersen, Teis Esben Sondergaard, Kare Lehmann Nielsen, Thomas Ostenfeld Larsen, Jens Christian Frisvad, Martin D. Hager, Ulrich S. Schubert, Jens Muff, Jens Laurids Sorensen
Summary: Aqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) are gaining interest as a potential solution for sustainable energy storage. In this study, a new electrolyte based on the fungal compound phoenicin was proposed and produced through biosynthesis, offering scalability. It was demonstrated that biologically produced phoenicin as a negative electrolyte showed promising performance in an RFB, and the stability of the active material was investigated.
BATTERIES & SUPERCAPS
(2022)
