Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrew J. T. George
Summary: This article discusses the ethical issues related to pig to human cardiac xenotransplantation, including risks/benefits, animal welfare and rights, fair allocation and resource utilization concerns. The author proposes an alternative approach based on virtue ethics, exploring the virtues of justice, courage, temperance, practical wisdom, and clinical curiosity to reflect on clinical practices in this field.
Article
Ethics
Matthew Hammerton
Summary: The article rejects the traditional tripartite division in ethics and proposes three independent divisions: the neutral/relative division, the normative priority division, and the maximizing division. This alternative approach better captures the main concerns of normative ethicists and helps advance comparative ethics research and explore theoretical possibilities.
INQUIRY-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siti Hafsyah Idris, Nurzatil Sharleeza Mat Jalaluddin, Lee Wei Chang
Summary: Biotechnology policies and regulations need to be revised and updated to address the recent advances in plant-breeding technology. The use of New Plant Breeding Techniques (NPBT), such as gene editing, raises legal and ethical concerns. This study reviews existing literature to understand how gene editing is used in plant breeding and examines the ethical and legal issues associated with it.
JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY-SCIENCE B
(2023)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Adrian Megias, Luis de Sousa, Fernando Jimenez-Sanchez
Summary: Research on corruption has mainly focused on perception-based definitions and measurements. This paper proposes a methodological design to identify and measure different perception-based definitions of corruption based on two contrasting ethical perspectives. The study finds that citizens have different views and attitudes towards corruption, which are influenced by various factors.
SOCIAL INDICATORS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Benjamin Ghasemi
Summary: Ethical concerns surrounding trophy hunting reflect different ethical perspectives. While these perspectives may lead to different conclusions, they may ultimately converge in opposition to trophy hunting. The paper suggests that authorities and policymakers should address these ethical concerns seriously and look towards the future.
Article
Robotics
Massimiliano L. Cappuccio, Eduardo B. Sandoval, Omar Mubin, Mohammad Obaid, Mari Velonaki
Summary: The paper presents a new approach defined as Virtuous Robotics for designing social robots with ethical considerations aimed at helping humans achieve higher moral development. The proposal is theoretically robust from an ethical perspective and technically feasible from a designer's perspective.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ROBOTICS
(2021)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Gabel Taggart, Jen Zenor
Summary: This article discusses the connection between moral philosophy and practice, using virtue ethics as a case study in professional evaluation. Comparing it with consequentialism and deontology, the article highlights the importance of evaluators understanding the relationship between moral philosophy and practice, as well as the role of moral perspectives in evaluation flexibility and customization.
EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Tom Harrison, Gianfranco Polizzi
Summary: The majority of adolescents aged 13-16 tend to use virtue ethical reasoning when making moral decisions online. Therefore, policymakers, educators, and parents should focus on promoting character and virtue-based approaches in digital citizenship education to reduce online incivility.
EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
James Andow
Summary: An epistemic deontology modelled on Kant's ethics can serve as a promising alternative to epistemic consequentialism by prohibiting intuitively impermissible epistemic trade-offs, which the latter is bound to allow. Importantly, this model maintains consistency and avoids ad hoc reasoning.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Mirana Leung-Tack, Divya Khanna, June Jones, Ross O. C. Elledge
Summary: Through interviews with anaesthetic trainees at a university hospital, we identified role model behaviors of senior surgeons, including teamwork, leadership, and strong foundations. We aim to incorporate character development into surgical training, shifting the focus from imparting technical skills alone.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Social
Luke D. Smillie, Milena Katic, Simon M. Laham
Summary: This study found a unique association between intellect and consequentialist inclinations, as well as a consistent unique association between politeness and deontological inclinations. The relationship between deontological inclinations and emotion-infused traits was not significant.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY
(2021)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Ibo van de Poel, Martin Sand
Summary: The notion of responsible innovation suggests that innovators have additional responsibilities beyond common suggestions. However, attributing responsibilities and balancing different types of responsibilities pose challenges, which can be overcome by elaborating on what innovators are specifically responsible for.
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
John Zoshak, Kristin Dew
Summary: The design of artificial moral agents (AMAs) is gaining interest and raising concerns. Ethical theories, mainly deontology and consequentialism, dominate AMA development, with limited empirical studies in real settings. This narrow focus risks creating AMAs based on Western ethical values at the expense of other moral reasoning forms.
CHI '21: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2021 CHI CONFERENCE ON HUMAN FACTORS IN COMPUTING SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Neele Engelmann, Michael R. Waldmann
Summary: Research indicates that outcome trade-offs play a crucial role in moral judgments, but the precise psychological mechanism remains unclear. The proposed computational model based on subjective utilities can explain moral permissibility judgments in various scenarios, offering a new perspective on understanding moral decision-making.
Article
History
Alexander Svitych
Summary: This paper challenges the common assumptions behind virtue ethics, utilitarianism, and deontology, and proposes the concept of "moral philosophy of the body" with a focus on Asian martial arts practices as a synthesized moral tradition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF SPORT
(2021)