Article
Engineering, Chemical
Juan Fernandez de la Mora
Summary: The Half-Mini Differential Mobility Analyzer (HM-DMA) developed in our laboratory can classify particles smaller than 10 nm with high resolution and theoretically up to 30 nm. Tests were conducted using 38 nm particles from the Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus (CBPV), which showed a narrow mobility distribution with FWHM<2%. The HM-DMA was able to resolve these particles with a resolving power of over 20.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Onochie Okonkwo, Sukrant Dhawan, Pratim Biswas
Summary: In this study, alumina nanoparticles were synthesized using a spray flame aerosol reactor and characterized using various techniques to determine their properties. The effects of precursor, dispersion oxygen, and sheath oxygen rates on the characteristics of synthesized alumina were investigated. The results suggest that the dispersion oxygen rate offers the best control of the surface area, while the precursor rate controls the crystal phase proportions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Michael S. Taylor Jr., Devon N. Higgins, Murray V. Johnston
Summary: This study aims to investigate the complex growth kinetics of ultrafine particles in flow tube reactors when the chemical processes causing particle growth are unknown. The research presents a method to account for the complex growth kinetics and shows that the growth factor changes as a function of time within the flow tube. This method accurately matches simulations of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Di Wang, Yuqi Wang, Feng Wang, Shuaishuai Zheng, Sinan Guan, Lan Zheng, Le Wu, Tao Fang, Xin Yang, Ming Lv
Summary: Research shows that using metal hydride for hydrogen storage has potential advantages, and the new branch mini-channel reactor can significantly reduce hydrogenation/dehydrogenation time, achieving more efficient reactions. Analysis of the optimal performance of operating conditions reveals that hydrogen pressure and fluid temperature have the most significant impacts on reactor performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
P. Wollny, L. Engelmann, M. Loewenich, I. Rahinov, H. Wiggers, C. Schulz, A. Kempf, I. Wlokas
Summary: A novel Eulerian particle model tailored for CFD applications is introduced, which is based on a bivariate moment method and features a full coupling with the gas-phase through kinetic formulations. The model is applied in the context of silicon nanopowder synthesis from monosilane and validated with a hot-wall reactor experiment.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sujit Modi, Marcus B. Foston, Pratim Biswas
Summary: In this study, lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) were synthesized using a continuous and single-step process in a furnace aerosol reactor (FuAR) with minimal use of solvents. The LNPs were analyzed for size distribution and functional group composition, and the maximum temperature for LNPs synthesis without significant degradation was found to be 300 degrees C at a residence time of 5.8 s. The UV protection performance of both bulk and as-synthesized LNPs was tested, and a quantitative correlation between lignin particle size and mass concentration on UV protection performance was established.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Igor Rahinov, Johannes Sellmann, Matthieu R. Lalanne, Monika Nanjaiah, Thomas Dreier, Sergey Cheskis, Irenaeus Wlokas
Summary: This article discusses a research approach for combustion synthesis of nanoparticles using iron oxide system as an example, combining laser spectroscopy and mass spectrometry experiments with detailed simulations to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanism of nanoparticle formation and flame structure.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Muhammad Aadil, Rab Nawaz, Ajmal Shah, Kamran Rasheed Qureshi
Summary: This research presents a numerical study on the deposition efficiency and decontamination factor of radioactive nuclide in steam generator tubes of a typical PWR. The study shows that the flow inside the tube is rotational with vortices due to the presence of a bend, and the deposition efficiency and decontamination factor increase with the increase in particle size.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND RADIATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kashala Fabrice Kapiamba, Weixing Hao, Stephen Adom, Wenyan Liu, Yue-Wern Huang, Yang Wang
Summary: The health effects of electronic cigarette (EC) aerosol exposure are still not well understood due to insufficient data. In this study, metals in EC aerosols from three brands were quantified, and it was found that some metals exceeded the regulated maximum daily intake amount. The metals were mainly released from the EC liquid, and high metal contents were also observed in simulated secondhand aerosols.
CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Weixing Hao, Kashala Fabrice Kapiamba, Varuni Abhayaratne, Shoaib Usman, Yue-Wern Huang, Yang Wang
Summary: This study designed a filter-based system to simulate secondhand smoke generation, utilizing three filter media to mimic particle deposition efficiencies in different regions of the human respiratory system. The performance of the system was demonstrated and properties of secondhand smoke particles were compared to primary smoke particles.
INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yu Zhang, Zan Zhu, Wei-Ning Wang, Sheng-Chieh Chen
Summary: A new E-MOFilter was developed in this study for the simultaneous removal of PM2.5 and VOCs, with the PDMS-coated E-MOFilter performing the best. The study focused on the effectiveness of toluene adsorption under different RH conditions.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Steven Cheng, Weixing Hao, Yuchen Wang, Yang Wang, Shu Yang
Summary: By understanding the morphology and wettability of fibers/yarns, researchers have identified the best reusable fabric mask materials, which consist of tightly woven Janus fabrics with low porosity and a hydrophobic outer layer, and a high porosity and hydrophilic inner layer.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. Patrick Brooks, Christopher Lupfer, Wang Yang, Weixing Hao MEng, Kashala Fabrice Kapiamba
Summary: The effect of stabilized hypochlorous acid (HOCl) on N95 filtration facemask respirators (FFRs) was investigated. The filtration performance of N95 FFR fabric swatches was not significantly affected by HOCl exposure. HOCl submersion showed excellent bactericidal effects on contaminated swatches. Further study is needed on the decontamination of intact FFRs using HOCl. Rating: 8/10.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nana A. Amoah, Guang Xu, Yang Wang, Jiayu Li, Yongming Zou, Baisheng Nie
Summary: Researchers conducted a critical review of the current status of particle matter sensors and discussed the potential application of low-cost sensors in underground mines. They identified sources of sensor errors and proposed comprehensive calibration processes and evaluation protocols to improve sensor performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERALS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jianping Chen, Zan Zhu, Gustavo Monge, Wei-Ning Wang
Summary: This study investigates the formation of Cu-BDC MOF under different flow regimes by modulating operating pressure, and finds that decreasing pressure results in changes in crystal size, morphology, and orientation, as well as increased open metal sites and higher CO2 adsorption affinity for the MOFs.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zan Zhu, Liang Bao, Dmitry Pestov, Ping Xu, Wei-Ning Wang
Summary: The surface-modulated photocatalyst with a positively charged layer enhances the affinity towards bacterial cells via electrostatic attractions. The experimental results demonstrate that the positively charged layer does promote the contact between bacteria and photocatalyst through electrostatic attractions. The cooperative effects of bacterial cell adhesion and ROS generation significantly enhance the disinfection performance of the photocatalyst.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nana A. Amoah, Guang Xu, Ashish Ranjan Kumar, Yang Wang
Summary: Mining-induced coal dust causes respiratory diseases, especially coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP). Current underground monitors are costly and not suitable for regular sample monitoring. Low-cost PM sensors offer a potential solution but require precise calibration. This study calibrated Plantower PMS5003 sensors and evaluated other commercially available PM sensors, demonstrating the feasibility of low-cost sensors for real-time personal coal dust monitoring if a robust calibration model is applied.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jai Prakash, Shruti Choudhary, Ramesh Raliya, Tandeep Chadha, Jiaxi Fang, Pratim Biswas
Summary: This study conducted a long-term field comparison of low-cost PM sensors with reference instruments and found that PM sensors can be a useful tool for monitoring air quality in Delhi. The reduction in air pollution due to the COVID-19 outbreak was between 2-5% for PM2.5 and 4-13% for particle number count compared to pre-COVID periods. The analysis revealed that 52% of air masses originated locally and 48% from regional sources. The results suggest that low-cost PM sensors can aid in improving air quality in non-attainment cities in India.
ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Chanakya Bagya Ramesh, Yang Wang
Summary: In this study, the mobility and size distributions of positive and negative ions generated from a premixed methane-air flat flame were measured using a high-resolution differential mobility analyzer (HR-DMA). The results showed that under certain experimental conditions, positively charged ions were relatively stable, with two major modes at 1.16 nm and 1.42 nm. The mode corresponding to 1.42 nm gradually increased in size with height above the burner, indicating the charging of hydrocarbon precursors.
COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhishang Wan, Lihong Gan, Wei-Ning Wang, Yi Jiang
Summary: Electrospray is an effective method for membrane surface functionalization using engineered nanomaterials. The lack of understanding of the deposition process hinders the practical applications of nanocomposite membranes. Advanced online characterization techniques and mathematical modeling are used to understand the key process parameters. The stabilization of deposited Ag NPs is achieved through polymeric solvent bonding. The results provide insights into the additive manufacturing of nanocomposite membranes with improved performance.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Zhang, Zan Zhu, Wei-Ning Wang, Sheng-Chieh Chen
Summary: A new type of metal-organic framework (MOF) coated electret filter, named E-MOFilter, was developed to remove PM2.5 and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) simultaneously. Photocatalytic nanosheets Bi2WO6/BiOCl were synthesized and coated on MIL-125-NH2 to create p-BWO@MIL, which was further applied to the electret filter to form PE-MOFilter. The results showed that PE-MOFilter was capable of capturing and degrading VOCs, as well as effectively removing PM2.5 through adsorption and photocatalytic oxidation. The research provides insights into the development of semiconductor@MOF coated electret media for improving indoor air quality with low energy consumption.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xianda Gong, Yang Wang, Hua Xie, Jiaoshi Zhang, Zheng Lu, Robert Wood, Frank Stratmann, Heike Wex, Xiaohong Liu, Jian Wang
Summary: The study investigates the maximum supersaturation (S-x) of marine boundary layer clouds in the Eastern North Atlantic using airborne and surface observations. The results show that the cloud droplet number concentration (N-c) in the least diluted cloud cores agrees well with the number concentration of particles larger than the Hoppel Minimum (HM) below clouds. The S-x values exhibit clear seasonal variation with higher values during winter, and are mainly influenced by cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration and updraft velocity (w).
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jiaoshi Zhang, Yang Wang, Steven Spielman, Susanne Hering, Jian Wang
Summary: Aerosol hygroscopic growth is important in atmospheric particle chemistry and climate. Nonparametric, regularized methods are introduced to invert the aerosol GF-PDF and are demonstrated to outperform other inversion methods in reconstructing the GF-PDF.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Francisco J. Higuera, Juan Fernandez de la Mora
Summary: This study investigates a particle condensation device that uses cold and warm humid air streams to achieve water vapor condensation. Compared to existing water condensation particle counters, this configuration offers advantages such as variable saturation ratio, accelerated penetration of water vapor, and a relatively uniform saturation field.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Brijal Prajapati, Vishal Dharaiya, Manoranjan Sahu, Chandra Venkatraman, Pratim Biswas, Kajal Yadav, Delwin Pullokaran, Ramya Sunder Raman, Ruqia Bhat, Tanveer Ahmad Najar, Arshid Jehangir
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of a low-cost particulate matter sensor and proposed a physics-based calibration method. The results showed that the physics-based calibration approach performed better compared to statistical models at both observation sites.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Correction
Engineering, Chemical
N. Searle, K. Kaur, K. Kelly
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tianyu Cen, Laura Torrent, Andrea Testino, Christian Ludwig
Summary: In this study, a hyphenated setup consisting of a rotating disk diluter (RDD) with spICP-MS (RDDspICP-MS) was used for online sampling and characterization of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in ambient pressure aerosols. The RDD allowed for constant flow rate sampling of aerosols and adjusting the dilution ratio for different particle number concentrations (PNCs). The feasibility of this setup was tested with different sizes of AuNPs in argon-based and air-based aerosols, and the results showed a lower limit of detection for number concentration. The capability of the setup to accurately investigate multi-modal samples and the interference of ionic species was also demonstrated.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
A. Valenzuela, E. Bazo, R. A. Rica, L. Alados-Arboledas, F. J. Olmo-Reyes
Summary: This article introduces a method to measure the extinction cross section of levitated particles using an electrodynamic trap and double-cavity ring down spectroscopy technique, and demonstrates the potential of this method in 1,2,6-hexanetriol particles through simulations and experiments. Unlike traditional methods, this technique provides crucial information about the extinction cross section of sodium chloride particles during dehydration and hydration processes.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shadi Yaqoubi, Mohaddese Sokuti, Sahand Mazloum-Ravasan, Kofi Asare-Addo, Hamed Hamishehkar, Ali Nokhodchi
Summary: In this study, a modified version of ultrasonic spray pyrolysis was used to prepare salbutamol sulfate dry powder. The engineered particles showed suitable characteristics for effective drug delivery to the lungs and demonstrated acceptable aerosolization performance. This newly introduced method appears to be capable of producing dry powder formulations of different drugs without the need for surfactants or stabilizers.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ashley L. Nord, Patrice Dosset, Pierre Slangen, Manouk Abkarian
Summary: Phonation has been found to be a potent transmission route for the COVID-19 virus. To control transmission, it is important to measure the amount of aerosols produced by speech. Researchers used digital in-line holography to overcome experimental challenges and successfully imaged the formation and deformation of saliva filaments in the mouth during speech, as well as the resulting aerosolized droplets.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yating Wang, Yiyang Zhang, Zhu Fang, Xinxin Wu
Summary: The research investigates the energy dissipation in particle-wall collision with roughness using the finite element method. The results show that the presence of surface roughness leads to lower viscoelastic dissipation and higher restitution coefficient compared to a smooth surface. The collision time is identified as a key factor in predicting the energy dissipation.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shaamrit Balendra, Akshay Kale, Julie Pongetti, Mohsen Kazemimanesh, Molly Haugen, Lee Weller, Adam Boies
Summary: The measurement of airborne particles is important for detecting and characterising air pollution, emissions, fire detection, occupational and climate impacts. However, current optical particle counters (OPCs) cannot measure ultrafine particles. This study explores the limitations of miniaturising a condensation particle counter (CPC) growth chamber and provides a toolkit for optimising the design of miniaturised CPC-GCs.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Markus Snellman, Namsoon Eom, Maria E. Messing, Knut Deppert, Chris Hogan
Summary: Segregated bimetallic nanoparticles, such as core-shell nanoparticles, have attracted widespread interest in various fields like biomedicine, catalysis, and optoelectronics. Aerosol technology provides an optimal platform for controlling the size, structure, and composition of nanoparticles, which are crucial parameters for tuning the material performance for specific applications. In this study, researchers developed a novel evaporator design that allows on-line coating of core particles with a shell directly in the gas phase. By utilizing a local heater, the researchers were able to decouple the heating process of the evaporating material from the aerosol particles, thereby limiting core-shell alloying. The resulting core-shell particle formation with controllable shell thickness was demonstrated using evaporation of zinc onto core particles of gold, tin, and bismuth. Simple models were also discussed to explain the observed growth process inside the evaporator and the formation of the shell.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kentaro Misawa, Yuto Kasai
Summary: In this study, the laser-induced fluorescence technique was used to observe scattered and fluorescent signals from fluorescent polystyrene latex particles. The ratio of fluorescence to scattered signal intensities was found to be almost equal for particles of the same size, allowing for the separate observation of mixed-size fluorescent particles. Relative fluorescence intensities were obtained by incorporating ratios of fluorescence to scattered signal and relative scattered signal intensities.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sripriya Nannu Shankar, William B. Vass, John A. Lednicky, Tracey Logan, Rebeccah L. Messcher, Arantzazu Eiguren-Fernandez, Stavros Amanatidis, Tara Sabo-Attwood, Chang-Yu Wu
Summary: This study introduces a testing system that allows for direct exposure of aerosolized viruses onto host cells. By collecting particles of different sizes and analyzing them, researchers obtained information on the concentration and viability of the virus at different particle sizes.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)