Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Marieke E. Sijm-Eeken, Welmoed Arkenaar, Monique W. Jaspers, Linda W. Peute
Summary: The study aimed to develop a theory-based framework to enhance and accelerate the development and implementation of green medical informatics solutions to mitigate the climate impact of healthcare organizations. The framework classifies solutions into three categories for monitoring and reducing environmental impacts in healthcare settings. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of these solutions on environmental sustainability and climate resilience.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kwang-Hyung Kim, Chris D. Hewitt, Hideki Kanamaru, Jorge Alvar-Beltran, Ana Heureux, Sook-Young Park, Min-Hye Jung, Robert Stefanski
Summary: Agricultural stakeholders can effectively manage climate change risks and opportunities by enhancing climate services. Providing and using climate information is key to addressing the climate challenge. Climate services are now integral to global frameworks and various sectors.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Ji Ma
Summary: Multinational corporations (MNCs) have gained significant investment rights and benefits, but they have also contributed to the climate crisis without corresponding obligations. The gap between MNC investment rights and climate change obligations persists due to global operations, limited domestic regulation, and ineffective international regimes. To address this, direct claims by states against MNCs under recent investment treaties are explored, analyzing investor obligations, tribunal jurisdiction, and states' initiation of claims. Reconsidering international investment law jurisprudence is necessary to facilitate such claims.
REVIEW OF EUROPEAN COMPARATIVE & INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Amlan Roy, Nirmali Gogoi, Farishta Yasmin, Mohammad Farooq
Summary: Algae, a group of organisms that can perform photosynthesis and are found ubiquitously, have been extensively studied for their potential in addressing environmental crises. They are effective in biomonitoring water pollution, bioremediation, and the production of eco-friendly energy sources. Industries like food and pharmaceuticals are utilizing algae for the production of value-added products. Additionally, algae have significant benefits in agriculture and climate change mitigation. The ease and cost-effectiveness of sampling and culturing algae have contributed to their popularity. This review paper discusses the sustainable applications of algae in pollution control, energy production, agriculture, and fighting climate change, highlighting recent trends and advancements in algal technologies and indicating future prospects.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Carrie A. Pettus
Summary: Trauma is a common experience among individuals with incarceration histories, starting from childhood and persisting throughout and after incarceration. Extensive research has connected trauma to social, mental, and biological functioning impairments as well as involvement in criminal justice systems. Trauma-responsive reentry is considered the future for successful reintegration. This review examines the prevalence and consequences of lifetime traumatic experiences for individuals reentering society after incarceration, and discusses existing research on trauma interventions for this population. It concludes with a vision for trauma-responsive reentry, strategies for implementation, a proposed research agenda, and cautions for further debate.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF CRIMINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mindy Nunez Duffourc, Sara Gerke
Summary: Two proposed Directives in the EU, the Product Liability Directive (PLD) and the AI Liability Directive (AILD), have an impact on liability for artificial intelligence. However, these Directives fail to fully achieve the EU's goal of providing clarity and uniformity for liability regarding injuries caused by AI-driven goods and services. This leaves potential liability gaps for injuries caused by black-box medical AI systems, making it difficult for patients to sue manufacturers or healthcare providers under existing liability laws.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Social Issues
Thomas A. Hemphill, Syagnik Banerjee
Summary: Facebook has faced controversies regarding user privacy, political manipulation, and content integrity. Critics are calling for federal regulation, while the company has released two white papers to address these issues.
TECHNOLOGY IN SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natallia V. Dubashynskaya, Anton N. Bokatyi, Ekaterina R. Gasilova, Anatoliy V. Dobrodumov, Yaroslav A. Dubrovskii, Elena S. Knyazeva, Yuliya A. Nashchekina, Elena V. Demyanova, Yury A. Skorik
Summary: The development of nanotechnology-based antibiotic delivery systems is crucial for combating microbial multidrug resistance. This study successfully synthesized conjugates of colistin and hyaluronic acid, which showed improved biopharmaceutical characteristics and reduced cytotoxicity. These conjugates have great potential for the development of safe and effective nanodrugs for antimicrobial therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lin Zhang, Xiaochen Zhang, Xin Zhang
Summary: This article reviews Faure and Partain's book Carbon Capture and Storage: Efficient Legal Policies for Risk Governance and Compensation. In nine chapters spanning nearly 220 pages, Faure and Partain offer valuable analytical insights on current carbon capture and storage (CCS) policies. Building on their perspectives, we demonstrate the systematic applicability of a law and economics approach in regulating CCS liabilities, and additionally propose the integration of CCS projects into the emission trading system.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAW
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natallia V. Dubashynskaya, Anton N. Bokatyi, Yury A. Skorik
Summary: Dexamethasone, a commonly prescribed glucocorticoid, shows a wide spectrum of pharmacological activity. Conjugating it to polymeric carriers helps reduce side effects on non-target organs and achieve controlled release in various target organs, making it potentially effective for anti-tumor therapy.
Article
Business, Finance
Jingshu Luo, Hua Chen, Martin Grace
Summary: This paper examines the impacts of the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid expansion and tort reforms on the medical liability system. The study finds that Medicaid expansion increases medical liability costs for insurers and medical practitioners. However, tort reforms do not mitigate the rising costs induced by Medicaid expansion.
JOURNAL OF RISK AND INSURANCE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mark T. Richardson
Summary: With global temperatures approaching Paris climate agreement targets and a wide range of predicted future warming, it is crucial to quickly identify any changes in the rate of warming. The author of this study investigates when we would be able to detect an acceleration in global-mean temperature. The findings suggest that the statistical uncertainties are still too large to confidently detect accelerated global warming, and it is unlikely to be detectable until at least 2026.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Economics
Nonhlanhla Msimango, Carla Orffer, Roula Inglesi-Lotz
Summary: This study examines the influence of competition and climate change on policy reform and implementation in the South African energy sector by reviewing its historical context and regulatory framework. By assessing the cost of neglecting policy objectives and utilizing an empirical model, the study demonstrates the importance of prioritizing climate and competition considerations in energy policy.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
A. S. Gardner, K. J. Gaston, I. M. D. Maclean
Summary: The study demonstrates combining qualitative and quantitative techniques to assess crop suitability considering both climatic and non-climatic factors. Results show the potential for horizon scanning as a useful tool to understand constraints on crop suitability beyond climate models, and propose its application in identifying novel crops in different regions.
AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Fernanda G. Gonzalez, Pablo A. Manavella
Summary: Population growth has led to increasing demand for food and crop production, with a forecasted 100% increase in global demand for crops from 2005 to 2050. Sustainable intensification of existing cropland to minimize environmental impact is seen as a way to meet this demand.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Douglas J. Opel, Noel T. Brewer, Alison M. Buttenheim, Timothy Callaghan, Richard M. Carpiano, Chelsea Clinton, Jad A. Elharake, Lisa C. Flowers, Alison P. Galvani, Peter J. Hotez, Jason L. Schwartz, Regina M. Benjamin, Arthur Caplan, Renee DiResta, Rekha Lakshmanan, Yvonne A. Maldonado, Michelle M. Mello, Wendy E. Parmet, Daniel A. Salmon, Joshua M. Sharfstein, Saad B. Omer
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sonja A. Swanson, David M. Studdert, Yifan Zhang, Matthew Miller
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Michelle M. M. Mello, Anne Joseph O'Connell
Summary: Federal courts in Texas are gaining a reputation for striking down U.S. health policies, from the ACA to the Emergency
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Ethics
Matthew S. McCoy, Anita L. Allen, Katharina Kopp, Michelle M. Mello, D. J. Patil, Pilar Ossorio, Steven Joffe, Ezekiel J. Emanuel
Summary: It is increasingly difficult for individuals to control and understand how their personal data is used and exchanged by companies. Existing privacy and data protection laws are seen as inadequate to protect individuals from the harms caused by current data practices. To address this, we propose the Ethical Data Practices framework, which outlines six principles and practical imperatives for companies to minimize harm, distribute benefits and burdens fairly, respect autonomy, ensure transparency, accountability, and inclusion in the collection and use of personal data. The framework can inform policy and promote ethical data practices voluntarily adopted by companies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Alexander Langerman, Catherine Hammack-Aviran, I. Glenn Cohen, Aalok V. Agarwala, Nathan Cortez, Neal R. Feigenson, Gerald M. Fried, Teodor Grantcharov, Caprice C. Greenberg, Michelle M. Mello, Andrew G. Shuman
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Michelle M. Mello, John S. Meschke, Guy H. Palmer
Summary: A recent assessment by the National Academies committee explored the significance of community-level wastewater surveillance in managing infectious diseases beyond Covid-19. What are the main challenges in realizing this vision?
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marissa B. Reitsma, Stacie B. Dusetzina, Jeromie M. Ballreich, Antonio J. Trujillo, Michelle M. Mello
Summary: Allowing negotiations for Medicare prescription drug prices may improve affordability. The study suggests that including drugs with generic or biosimilar competitors and selecting drugs based on net spending rather than gross spending may substantially increase estimated savings.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Johnny Huynh, Sahil A. Alim, David C. Chan, David M. Studdert
Summary: Comparing the rates of inappropriate prescribing between nurse practitioners and primary care physicians, it was found that they were virtually identical. Although nurse practitioners were overrepresented among clinicians with the highest and lowest rates of inappropriate prescribing, discrepancies in rates tended to be larger across states rather than between these practitioners within states.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Lawrence O. Gostin, Dorit Reiss, Michelle M. Mello
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Stacie B. Dusetzina, Nancy L. Keating, Haiden A. Huskamp, Michelle M. Mello
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Nigam H. Shah, Michelle M. Mello
Editorial Material
Health Care Sciences & Services
Michelle M. Mello, Wendy E. Parmet
Editorial Material
Health Care Sciences & Services
Michelle M. Mello, Neel Guha
Summary: This article discusses the possibilities, limitations, and risks of physicians using large language models (such as ChatGPT), along with the necessary improvements to enhance the accuracy of the technology.
Article
Ethics
Christine M. M. Baugh, Leonard Glantz, Michelle M. M. Mello
Summary: This manuscript examines the complexities of decision-making during the Covid-19 pandemic through the lens of competitive college football. By considering various factors such as decision-makers, decision-making processes, social and political context, risks and benefits, and institutional obligations towards athletes, an ethical analysis of the decisions made for the 2020 fall football season is conducted. Based on this analysis, key recommendations are provided to enhance future decision processes.
JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sonja A. Swanson, David M. Studdert, Yifan Zhang, Lea Prince, Matthew Miller
Summary: This study found that divestment of firearm ownership could reduce firearm suicide risk by 50% or more, and likely reduce overall suicide risk as well. However, further data collection is needed to fully understand the extent of biases such as unmeasured confounding.