Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kyu Hyun Park, Seung-Ah Choe, Ju-Young Shin, Young June Choe
Summary: This study describes the changing patterns of antibiotic use in children with acute otitis media in South Korea. The prescription of amoxicillin has increased while cephalosporin and macrolide use has decreased. Multifaceted approaches are needed to control antimicrobial resistance.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Huiqian Yu, Dantong Gu, Fangzhou Yu, Qingzhong Li
Summary: This study evaluates the additional benefits of social distancing in reducing the prevalence of acute otitis media (AOM) in children, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that the implementation of social distancing measures in 2020 led to a 63.6% reduction in AOM outpatient attendance, indicating that social distancing, mask usage, and good hand hygiene can significantly decrease the incidence of AOM.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Salima Meherali, Lisa Hartling, Alyson Campbell, Featherstone Robin, Shannon Scott
Summary: The review revealed that parents generally have limited knowledge about AOM, leading to uncertainty in how to help their child with AOM and unmet information needs. This highlights the importance of developing innovative, evidence-based knowledge translation tools to bridge the knowledge-practice gap in AOM management.
PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Cristina Gavrilovici, Elena-Lia Spoiala, Ingrith-Crenguta Miron, Iuliana Magdalena Starcea, Codruta Olimpiada Iliescu Halitchi, Irina Nicoleta Zetu, Vasile Valeriu Lupu, Carmen Panzaru
Summary: Acute otitis media (AOM) remains a major reason for antibiotic use in children, despite the availability of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. A study conducted in a pediatric emergency hospital in Romania found that Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae were the most common bacteria associated with AOM. Alarmingly, a high proportion of the Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were resistant to multiple drugs. This highlights the importance of addressing antimicrobial resistance to minimize the negative impact on healthcare costs.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Elena Lia Spoiala, Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu, Veronica Bild, Daniela Carmen Ababei, Cristina Gavrilovici
Summary: This paper focuses on the current insights into the antibiotic treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) in children, including preclinical evaluation, overview of new antimicrobial agents, and analysis of different guidelines. Treatment preference varies depending on the causative organism, with amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate combination being the preferred agents for Streptococcus pneumoniae-related AOM. The decision to prescribe antimicrobial treatment is based on symptom severity in most guidelines reviewed.
Article
Pediatrics
Pilar Storch-De-Gracia, Valeria Antonanzas-Bernar, Beatriz Vergara-Munoz, Nuria Lamagrande-Casanova, Marianna Di Campli-Zaghlul, Maria Suarez-Bustamante, Juan Anon-Hidalgo, Miguel Maiques
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of amoxicillin administered twice or three times daily in children with acute otitis media, and measured and compared treatment adherence between the two groups. The results showed that twice-daily amoxicillin had similar efficacy to a three-dose daily regimen and offered advantages in terms of administration schedule for caregivers.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Melissa Mei Yin Cheung, Tracey W. Tsang, Rochelle Watkins, Catherine Birman, Svetlana Popova, Elizabeth J. Elliott
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the type and prevalence of functional and structural ear abnormalities among children with prenatal alcohol exposure and/or fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). The findings showed that the highest prevalence of functional ear abnormalities were chronic serous otitis media, abnormal auditory filtering, and unspecified conductive hearing loss, while the highest prevalence of structural ear abnormalities were microtia, railroad track ear, and misplaced ear.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Saskia Hullegie, Roderick P. Venekamp, Thijs M. A. van Dongen, Alastair D. Hay, Michael V. Moore, Paul Little, Anne G. M. Schilder, Roger A. M. J. Damoiseaux
Summary: In children with acute onset ear discharge, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are the predominant bacteria, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Limited antimicrobial resistance data are available, and no clear shift in the prevalence of bacteria and antimicrobial resistance over time was found. Ongoing surveillance is needed to guide antibiotic selection and assess the impact of children's pneumococcal conjugate vaccine status in children with acute otitis media.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Naoko Fuji, Michael Pichichero, Ravinder Kaur
Summary: This study found that the prevalence of Haemophilus influenzae in the nasopharynx of young children is very low during health periods, but is high in middle ear fluid at the onset of acute otitis media (AOM). Nontypeable H. influenzae accounts for over 90% of all isolates, with type f being the most prevalent among encapsulated strains. Beta-lactamase production and antibiotic nonsusceptibility are common among H. influenzae strains isolated from the nasopharynx and middle ear fluid.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Otorhinolaryngology
Tiffany Chen, Peter E. Ashman, Dennis I. Bojrab, Andrew P. Johnson, Robert S. Hong, Brian Benson
Summary: Eosinophilic Otitis Media (EOM) is characterized by hearing loss, otitis media with effusion, tympanic membrane perforation, and otorrhea. Treatment options include steroid injections, systemic steroids, and surgery, with intratympanic steroids showing the highest success rate.
ACTA OTO-LARYNGOLOGICA
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Michael Nieratschker, Markus Haas, Mateo Lucic, Franziska Pichler, Faris F. Brkic, Thomas Parzefall, Dominik Riss, David T. Liu
Summary: This study aimed to identify associations between extreme weather events and the immediate and delayed risks for acute otitis media (AOM)-related emergency department visits (EV). The results showed that prolonged extreme weather conditions, such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speeds, and atmospheric pressure, significantly impacted the risk ratio (RR) for AOM-related EVs. These findings could improve healthcare resource allocation in similar climates and educate patients about the role of environmental factors in AOM.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Allergy
Eugenio De Corso, Elena Cantone, Jacopo Galli, Veronica Seccia, Daniela Lucidi, Tiziana Di Cesare, Giancarlo Ottaviano, Bruno Sergi, Gaetano Paludetti, Anna Rita Fetoni
Summary: Allergy may be linked to some phenotypes of otitis media in children, particularly otitis media with effusion and acute re-exacerbations. Analysis could not be performed for allergy and acute and chronic otitis media due to lack of data and heterogeneity.
PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Economics
Lays P. Marra, Ana L. Sartori, Martha S. Martinez-Silveira, Cristiana M. Toscano, Ana L. Andrade
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccines on otitis media and acute otitis media in children. The results showed that pneumococcal vaccines play an important role in reducing the incidence of otitis media in children.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Kristin Andrejko, Buddhika Ratnasiri, William P. Hausdorff, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Joseph A. Lewnard
Summary: This study reviewed antimicrobial susceptibility studies of pediatric pneumococcal isolates from 2000 to 2020, finding significant reductions in non-susceptibility of pneumococci to penicillin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and third-generation cephalosporins after implementation of PCV products. The findings suggest that PCV implementation has led to decreased resistance of pneumococci to first-line antibiotic treatments for pneumonia.
Review
Otorhinolaryngology
Cecilia Rosso, Antonio Mario Bulfamante, Carlotta Pipolo, Emanuela Fuccillo, Alberto Maccari, Paolo Lozza, Alberto Scotti, Antonia Pisani, Luca Castellani, Giuseppe De Donato, Maria Chiara Tavilla, Sara Maria Portaleone, Giovanni Felisati, Alberto Maria Saibene
Summary: Children with cleft palate have higher rates of middle ear diseases compared to those without cleft palate, and adenoidectomy may lead to improvement in conductive hearing loss and reduction in otitis media episodes. However, research on this topic has been stagnant since the 1970s, and further prospective studies are needed to define the role of adenoidectomy in different subgroups of cleft children.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2022)