Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mahsa Shirani, Shokoofeh Talebi, Omid Sadeghi, Shirin Hassanizadeh, Gholamreza Askari, Mohammad Bagherniya, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: The meta-analysis of this study indicates that long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have anti-inflammatory effects on adhesion molecules. They significantly reduce serum concentrations of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and slightly decrease serum concentrations of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and P-selectin.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Baris Gencer, Luc Djousse, Omar T. Al-Ramady, Nancy R. Cook, JoAnn E. Manson, Christine M. Albert
Summary: In randomized controlled trials examining cardiovascular outcomes, supplementation of marine -3 fatty acids was associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). The risk appeared to be greater in trials testing >1 g/d.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Linlin Huang, Fanjie Zhang, Ping Xu, Yijie Zhou, Yijun Liu, Hongdie Zhang, Xiaozhen Tan, Xinxu Ge, Yong Xu, Man Guo, Yang Long
Summary: Current guidelines recommend regular consumption of fat-rich fish to obtain sufficient omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for preventing cardiovascular events. However, the cardiovascular benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with diabetes are uncertain. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation reduces cardiovascular disease risk in patients with diabetes, with eicosapentaenoic acid showing a significant effect. Further well-designed trials are needed to evaluate safety and effects on atrial fibrillation.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Fubin Xiao, Wei Han, Qing Yue, Jianji Ke, Baoxing Jia, Xiaojuan Fu
Summary: The meta-analysis showed that perioperative omega-3 fatty acids may be beneficial in reducing the incidence of infection after liver surgery, but did not have a significant impact on complications, mortality, liver failure, biliary leakage, bleeding, or ileus.
Review
Psychiatry
Katherine H. O. Deane, Oluseyi F. Jimoh, Priti Biswas, Alex O'Brien, Sarah Hanson, Asmaa S. Abdelhamid, Chris Fox, Lee Hooper
Summary: The study found that increasing long-chain Omega-3 has little or no effect on preventing depression and anxiety symptoms, while increasing alpha-linolenic acid may slightly increase the risk of depression symptoms, but with low-quality evidence.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Konstantinos Gkiouras, Maria G. Grammatikopoulou, Ioannis Myrogiannis, Theodora Papamitsou, Eirini Rigopoulou, Lazaros Sakkas, Dimitrios P. Bogdanos
Summary: Theoretical evidence and previous studies suggest that oral nutrient supplementation with n-3 fatty acids may have the potential to lower disease activity indicators and NSAID uptake for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, pooled analyses reveal that n-3 supplementation has small effects in reducing pain, tender and swollen joint count, and NSAID intake. The certainty of the evidence is mostly of very low/low quality. Previous findings may have been biased due to inadequate blinding of interventions.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aleksandra Arsic, Predrag Krstic, Marija Paunovic, Jasmina Nedovic, Vladimir Jakovljevic, Vesna Vucic
Summary: This study investigates the anti-inflammatory effects of fish oil and evening primrose oil supplementation in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The results show improvements in PUFA status and a decrease in IL-6 levels, suggesting the potential benefits of this treatment in reducing cancer complications.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberta Cardim Lessa, Fabio de Abreu Alves, Erika Fortunati, Jun Lu
Summary: Oral mucositis (OM) is a painful condition caused by cancer treatments, impacting patients' quality of life and recovery. Current management strategies are insufficient, necessitating a search for new approaches. Utilizing ω-3 fatty acids to manage OM may be an effective strategy based on preliminary evidence.
Article
Psychiatry
Renata Pauluci, Ana Regina Noto, Daniela Fernandez Curado, Miguel Siqueira-Campos Jr, Andreia Gomes Bezerra, Jose Carlos Fernandes Galduroz
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate if omega-3 supplementation can prevent relapse of alcohol use disorder after hospital discharge. The results showed that the group receiving omega-3 had fewer days of alcohol consumption at 2 and 3 months after discharge. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jacqueline F. Gould, Rachel M. Roberts, Maria Makrides
Summary: The review analyzed the effects of DHA interventions in randomized controlled trials during the first 1000 days. Results showed limited evidence of DHA supplementation having any effect on behavioral development, with some trials even detecting adverse effects. Future research should focus on evaluating the impact of DHA intervention on behavioral functioning.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Notarnicola, Valentina De Nunzio, Tamara Lippolis, Valeria Tutino, Anna Maria Cisternino, Palma Aurelia Iacovazzi, Rosa Anna Milella, Marica Gasparro, Roberto Negro, Maurizio Polignano, Maria Gabriella Caruso
Summary: This clinical trial investigated the effects of fresh table grape intake on the serum Omega-3 index. The results showed that grape intake increased oleic acid content, improved the Omega-3 index, increased adiponectin levels, and reduced FGF21 levels, leading to beneficial effects on liver function.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tippawan Siritientong, Daylia Thet, Maneechat Buangbon, Pawinee Nokehoon, Nattawut Leelakanok, Janthima Methaneethorn, Apichai Angspatt, Jiraroch Meevassana
Summary: The study found that nutritional support with omega-3 fatty acids did not show significant improvement in length of stay, mortality, ventilation days, gastrointestinal complications, or infectious complications in burn patients compared to control diets.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sarah A. Keim, Abigail Jude, Katie Smith, Aiman Q. Khan, Daniel L. Coury, Joseph Rausch, Shivika Udaipuria, Megan Norris, Lindsay R. Bartram, Anita R. Narayanan, Lynette K. Rogers
Summary: This study is a double-blind, randomized controlled trial that tested the effect of fatty acid supplementation in children aged 2-6 years with recently diagnosed Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The results showed that the FA supplement increased levels of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and reduced IL-2 levels. The treatment was well tolerated and had a high adherence rate.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Renata da Conceicao Silva Chaves, Odaleia Barbosa Aguiar, Arlinda B. Moreno, Andre R. Brunoni, Maria del Carmem B. Molina, Maria Carmen Viana, Isabela Bensonor, Rosane H. Griep, Maria de Jesus Mendes da Fonseca
Summary: This study found that consuming omega-3 fatty acids can reduce the risk of depressive episodes in adults and elderly adults, which is significant for the prevention and treatment of depression.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Camila Duarte, Victoria Boccardi, Patricia Amaro Andrade, Aline Cristine Souza Lopes, Paul F. Jacques
Summary: Dairy intake appears to have a protective effect on some cardiovascular risk factors, particularly reducing total cholesterol, waist circumference, and increasing HDL cholesterol. However, it can also lead to increases in LDL and triglycerides, although these changes are minimal. The effect of dairy on serum lipids varies depending on the type of dairy product used, and compared to other animal sources of SFA, dairy products seem to improve metabolic parameters.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christopher Ma, Reena Khanna, Leonardo Guizzetti, Guangyong Zou, Brian G. Feagan, Vipul Jairath
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Natalie H. Au, Alexandria Ratzki-Leewing, Guangyong Zou, Bridget L. Ryan, Susan Webster-Bogaert, Sonja M. Reichert, Judith B. Brown, Stewart B. Harris
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the real-world incidence of self-reported non-severe hypoglycemia (NSH) and its related sociodemographic and clinical risk factors in Canadian adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The results showed that the frequency of hypoglycemic events was alarmingly high and recurrent. Risk factors associated with increased rate of NSH included younger age, lower income, employment, longer diabetes duration, higher glycated hemoglobin, and presence of comorbidity.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Samantha McRae, Jordan Edwards, Kathy N. Speechley, Javeed Sukhera, Guangyong Zou, Kelly K. Anderson
Summary: The study found that nearly one in four adolescent psychiatric admissions occurs on an adult psychiatric unit. Factors associated with admission to adult units included older age, rural residence, diagnoses of psychotic or personality disorders, and involuntary status. Adolescents admitted to adult units were more likely to be discharged against medical advice.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alessandro Ble, Cecilia Renzulli, Fabio Cenci, Maria Grimaldi, Michelangelo Barone, Rocio Sedano, Joshua Chang, Tran M. Nguyen, Malcolm Hogan, Guangyong Zou, John K. MacDonald, Christopher Ma, William J. Sandborn, Brian G. Feagan, Emilio Merlo Pich, Vipul Jairath
Summary: The study found a significant association between endoscopic recurrence and subsequent clinical recurrence in postoperative Crohn's disease patients, supporting the use of endoscopic recurrence as a monitoring tool for disease activity and a primary endpoint in clinical trials.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rocio Sedano, Malcolm Hogan, Tran M. Nguyen, Joshua Chang, G. Y. Zou, John K. Macdonald, Niels Vande Casteele, Jurij Hanzel, Eileen Crowley, Robert Battat, Parambir S. Dulai, Siddharth Singh, Geert D'Haens, William Sandborn, Brian G. Feagan, Christopher Ma, Vipul Jairath
Summary: This study provides a summary of placebo rates in induction and maintenance clinical trials of ulcerative colitis, as well as identifying the factors influencing these rates. The results show that placebo rates vary depending on the endpoint assessed, trial purpose, and drug class.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christopher Ma, Vipul Jairath, Brian G. Feagan, Leonardo Guizzetti, Guangyong Zou, Stefanie C. McFarlane, Lisa M. Shackelton, Margaret H. Collins, Ikuo Hirano, Willemijn E. de Rooij, David F. Schaeffer, Rish K. Pai, Albert J. Bredenoord, Evan S. Dellon
Summary: This study assessed the use of EoE-HSS in evaluating histologic disease activity in patients with EoE. The results showed that EoE-HSS has a high level of responsiveness compared to PEC and is more correlated with changes in overall histologic activity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christopher Ma, Albert J. Bredenoord, Evan S. Dellon, Jeffrey A. Alexander, Luc Biedermann, Malcolm Hogan, Leonardo Guizzetti, Guangyong Zou, David A. Katzka, Mirna Chehade, Gary W. Falk, Glenn T. Furuta, Sandeep K. Gupta, Amir F. Kagalwalla, Alain M. Schoepfer, Stephan Miehlke, Fouad J. Moawad, Kathryn Peterson, Nirmala P. Gonsalves, Alex Straumann, Joshua B. Wechsler, Julie Remillard, Lisa M. Shackelton, Hector S. Almonte, Brian G. Feagan, Vipul Jairath, Ikuo Hirano
Summary: This study evaluated the operating properties of endoscopic measures in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) clinical trials and concluded that EREFS and its modifications are reliable and responsive, with scoring based on the worst affected area optimizing reliability and responsiveness.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Pavine Lefevre, Leonardo Guizzetti, Trevor D. McKee, Guangyong Zou, Tanja van Viegen, Stefanie C. McFarlane, Lisa Shackelton, Brian G. Feagan, Vipul Jairath, Rish K. Pai, Niels Vande Casteele
Summary: This study developed and validated a method for reliably quantifying immunohistochemical marker-positive cells using whole slide images in patients with Crohn's disease. The results demonstrated the accuracy and reproducibility of the method, supporting its use in future clinical studies for Crohn's disease.
APPLIED IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR MORPHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
C. W. Howard, G. Zou, S. A. Morrow, S. Fridman, J. M. Racosta
Summary: This study utilized a new statistical method, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney Odds, to re-analyze three clinical studies in the field of multiple sclerosis. The results demonstrated that this new method provided more detailed information and described the progression of multiple sclerosis with smaller effect sizes.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Natalie Nightingale, Guangyong Zou, Michael F. Murphy, Vipul Jairath
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Rocio Sedano, Malcolm Hogan, Guangyong Zou, Neeraj Narula, Siddharth Singh, Christopher Ma, Brian G. Feagan, Vipul Jairath
Summary: This systematic review and quantitative analysis of placebo-controlled ulcerative colitis induction trials showed higher histologic remission rates compared to clinical and endoscopic remission rates at the same timepoint, and there were no significant differences in relative risks for these outcomes between treatment groups. This supports the concept that histologic remission is as sensitive as clinical or endoscopic remission.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Guangyong Zou, Lily Zou, Yun-Hee Choi
Summary: This study proposes a simple method for confidence interval estimation and sample size determination by quantifying treatment effect using win probability (WinP) and utilizing the ordinal nature of mRS scores. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the methods, which are implemented in an Excel spreadsheet.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Manuel Montero-Odasso, G. Y. Zou, Nellie Kamkar, Howard H. Feldman, Sylvie Belleville, Howard Chertkow, Haakon B. Nygaard, Surim Son, Mark Speechley
Summary: Designing and evaluating multidomain interventions to reduce dementia risk is methodologically challenging but important. This article discusses the challenges and considerations in using a standardly tailored design and proposes sensitivity and exploratory analyses to support causal inferences.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Guangyong Zou, Lily Zou, Shi-fang Qiu
Summary: Data on Likert scale is commonly used in medical research, specifically in randomized trials. This article compares the performance of parametric and nonparametric methods for analyzing Likert data and finds that the nonparametric approach is more suitable for two-group randomization trials.
PHARMACEUTICAL STATISTICS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alexandria Ratzki-Leewing, Jason E. Black, Anna R. Kahkoska, Bridget L. Ryan, Guangyong Zou, Neil Klar, Kristina Timcevska, Stewart B. Harris
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the real-world descriptive epidemiology of iatrogenic severe hypoglycemia in adults with insulin- and/or secretagogue-treated diabetes in the United States. The results showed that hypoglycemia events were alarmingly frequent, irrespective of diabetes type, and concentrated in a small subsample.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)