Review
Neurosciences
Eloi Magnin
Summary: Neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders are important public health topics with complex interactions. Considering both dimensions in clinical assessments can improve diagnostic accuracy and understanding of pathophysiology, leading to personalized precision cognitive medicine for each patient's lifelong neurocognitive trajectory.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Maria Pia Giannoccaro, Matteo Gastaldi, Giovanni Rizzo, Leslie Jacobson, Veria Vacchiano, Giulia Perini, Sabina Capellari, Diego Franciotta, Alfredo Costa, Rocco Liguori, Angela Vincent
Summary: The study found that antibodies against neuronal surface antigens are relatively common in patients with neurodegenerative disorders, especially in those with unclear dementia presentation. An unclassified diagnosis and an irregular disease progression can predict positive antibody status.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Zsolt Vastag, Ovidiu Fira-Mladinescu, Elena Cecilia Rosca
Summary: This review provides an overview of concepts and diagnostic tools in the field of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) and discusses the strengths and limitations of currently available approaches. Despite recent advances in HIV treatment, the prevalence of HAND remains high.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Eva Birgitte Aamodt, Till Schellhorn, Edwin Stage, Apoorva Bharthur Sanjay, Paige E. Logan, Diana Otero Svaldi, Liana G. Apostolova, Ingvild Saltvedt, Mona Kristiansen Beyer
Summary: The study aimed to classify clinical and imaging factors related to the rapid development of major neurocognitive disorder (NCD) after a stroke within 3 months. It was found that the prediction of rapid development of the disorder is mainly driven by neurodegenerative brain changes, with high accuracy achieved through machine learning algorithms and neuroimaging features.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alexandra Sammartino-Arbour, Ariane Dufour, Valerie Frenette, Marie-France Forget, Marie-Andree Bruneau, Simon Ducharme, Richard Camicioli, Quoc Dinh Nguyen, Philippe Desmarais
Summary: The onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms in older adults may indicate the early signs of neurodegenerative disorders. The relationship between somatic symptoms and related disorders (SSRD) and the subsequent development of neurodegenerative disorders is still uncertain. This study critically reviewed studies exploring the association between SSRD and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Fronto-temporal dementia, and Lewy body dementia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Giulia Colombini, Mirko Duradoni, Federico Carpi, Laura Vagnoli, Andrea Guazzini
Summary: Technology, particularly LEAP Motion sensing, is being utilized in the mental health field for psychological assessments and interventions using virtual reality. Studies have shown the potential of LEAP Motion in promoting psychomotor and psychosocial rehabilitation in autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, as well as assessing functional abilities in dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Further research is needed to fully explore the applications of LEAP Motion technology in different clinical populations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
R. A. Shaik, S. Holyachi, M. S. Ahmad, R. K. Ahmad, M. Yusuf, M. Khan, A. B. Almutairi, W. K. Z. Alghuyaythat
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of HIV Associated Neurological Disorders (HAND) among patients on antiretroviral treatment using the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS). The results showed a higher prevalence of neurocognitive disorders than anticipated, suggesting the need for assessing HIV-associated neurocognitive disability at all ICTC Centers using IHDS as an assessment tool.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Simonetta Panerai, Valentina Catania, Francesco Rundo, Domenica Tasca, Sabrina Musso, Claudio Babiloni, Giuseppina Prestianni, Stefano Muratore, Raffaele Ferri
Summary: Virtual reality (VR) has shown to be an effective tool for cognitive, motor, and daily activity rehabilitation in patients with major neurocognitive disorder (M-NCD). This study aimed to compare M-NCD caused by degenerative and non-degenerative conditions and assess the transfer from virtual to real environment in a non-immersive VR training (VRT). Four functional living skills (FLSs) were relearned using custom-made VR apps. The results showed significant improvements in both degenerative and non-degenerative M-NCD patients, indicating the ecological validity of VRT.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Dennis L. Kolson
Summary: Reducing the risk of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is a crucial treatment goal for HIV patients. Improving cART regimens for central nervous system efficacy and delivery, combined with adjunctive neuroprotective therapies such as existing drugs, cognitive therapy, and aerobic exercise, can enhance the prevention and treatment outcomes.
CURRENT HIV/AIDS REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thais Armangue, Gemma Olive-Cirera, Eugenia Martinez-Hernandez, Maria Rodes, Vicente Peris-Sempere, Mar Guasp, Raquel Ruiz, Eduard Palou, Azucena Gonzalez, Ma angeles Marcos, Maria Elena Erro, Luis Bataller, Inigo Corral-Corral, Jesus Planaguma, Eva Caballero, Alexandru Vlagea, Jie Chen, Paul Bastard, Marie Materna, Astrid Marchal, Laurent Abel, Aurelie Cobat, Laia Alsina, Claudia Fortuny, Albert Saiz, Emmanuel Mignot, Adeline Vanderver, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Shen-Ying Zhang, Josep Dalmau, Spanish HSE Study Grp
Summary: Patients with herpes simplex virus encephalitis often develop neuronal autoantibody-associated encephalitis post-infection. This study found that risk factors for post-HSE AE may include genetic variants, HLA haplotypes, and the blood innate immune response against HSV. These findings have potential clinical applications for the diagnosis and monitoring of HSE complications.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael S. Pollanen, Sylvester Onzivua, Paul M. McKeever, Janice Robertson, Ian R. Mackenzie, Gabor G. Kovacs, Francis Olwa, David L. Kitara, Amanda Fong
Summary: This article describes the clinicopathologic spectrum of nodding syndrome in northern Uganda. All 16 cases had chronic seizures, and seven cases also had progressive cognitive, behavioural, and motor decline. The main neuropathologic findings included tau pathology, cerebellar degeneration, and white matter degeneration.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sandeepa Satya-Sriram Mullady, Stacy Castellanos, Lucia Lopez, Gloria Aguirre, John Weeks, Stephen King, Karen Valle, Collette Goode, Elena Tsoy, Katherine Possin, Bruce Miller, Margot Kushel, Serggio Lanata
Summary: The homeless population in the US is aging and cognitive impairment is prevalent in this group. However, little is known about the neurologic causes of such impairment. This study aimed to characterize the neurocognitive health of adults who experienced homelessness for the first time after age 50 using gold standard behavioral neurology examination practices. The findings reveal common neurocognitive concerns and examination deficits among older homeless adults.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Christos Theleritis, Kostas Siarkos, Anastasios Politis, Nikolaos Smyrnis, Charalabos Papageorgiou, Antonios M. Politis
Summary: This article conducted a systematic literature review of existing studies on pharmacological treatments for apathy in aging neurocognitive disorders. The results showed that certain drugs have proven efficacy in treating apathy in Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease patients, while some drugs were found to be beneficial for Frontotemporal Dementia patients. However, the research on pharmacological interventions for apathy in aging neurocognitive disorders is still limited.
Article
Neurosciences
Felipe Botero-Rodriguez, Ana Melisa Cordoba Sastoque, Jose Manuel Santacruz Escudero, Hernando Santamaria-Garcia
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the impact of early and chronic neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) on cognition and functionality in patients with neurocognitive disorders (NCD). The results demonstrate an association between early NPS and cognitive and functional outcomes in mild NCD, while chronic NPS are negatively correlated with cognition and functionality in severe NCD. Therefore, NPS could serve as a pathological marker of the clinical course of dementia.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
George D. D. Vavougios, Gabriel A. de Erausquin, Heather M. M. Snyder
Summary: Epidemiological, clinical, and radiological studies have shed light on the cognitive impairment in COVID-19 survivors and its association with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Translational studies provide evidence on type I interferon dysregulation and its potential role in the development of neurocognitive disorders. The interaction between central and peripheral immunity via danger-associated molecular patterns is discussed as an important factor in the emergence of these disorders in the absence of neuroinfection. Identifying testable and druggable targets is crucial for future clinical and translational studies.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rowan Saloner, Judith D. Lobo, Emily W. Paolillo, Laura M. Campbell, Scott L. Letendre, Mariana Cherner, Igor Grant, Robert K. Heaton, Ronald J. Ellis, Scott C. Roesch, David J. Moore
Summary: Despite the neurocognitive risks of aging with HIV, a subgroup of older people with HIV were identified to possess youthful neurocognition similar to SuperAgers. This group showed stable and healthy neurocognition over time, supporting the construct validity of SuperAging in older people living with HIV.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Annie L. Nguyen, Mariam A. Hussain, Elizabeth Pasipanodya, Anna A. Rubtsova, Raeanne C. Moore, Dilip Jeste, David J. Moore
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between stress, psychological resources, and proactive behaviors with the quality of life of people living with HIV. The findings indicate that stress has a negative impact on life satisfaction, successful aging, and depressive symptoms, while psychological resources and proactive behaviors have a positive influence on quality of life.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Laura M. Campbell, Jessica L. Montoya, Pariya L. Fazeli, Maria J. Marquine, Ronald J. Ellis, Dilip Jeste, David J. Moore, Raeanne C. Moore
Summary: This study explores the association between modifiable lifestyle factors (physical activity and nutrition) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in people with HIV (PWH). The results suggest that both physical activity and nutrition are independently related to better physical HRQOL. Nutrition also moderates the association between health status and physical HRQOL. The findings highlight the importance of targeting both physical activity and nutrition in interventions to improve physical HRQOL in PWH.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lillian Ham, Bin Tang, Maulika Kohli, Dilip Jeste, Igor Grant, David J. Moore
Summary: Positive psychological attributes have an association with better health outcomes, and their impact differs between people with HIV and HIV-uninfected individuals. Internal strengths increased over time in people with HIV, while socioemotional support did not significantly change in either group. Lower internal strengths and worse socioemotional support were related to greater depressive symptoms.
Article
Immunology
Xiaoying Yu, Judith D. D. Lobo, Erin Sundermann, Darren J. J. Baker, Russell P. P. Tracy, George A. A. Kuchel, Kathryn E. E. Stephenson, Scott L. L. Letendre, Bruce Brew, Lucette A. A. Cysique, Sannisha K. K. Dale, Chelsie Wallen, Ken M. M. Kunisaki, Giovanni Guaraldi, Jovana Milic, Alan Winston, David J. J. Moore, Joseph B. B. Margolick, Kristine M. M. Erlandson
Summary: This article summarizes the key oral presentations from the 12th Annual International Workshop on HIV and Aging, providing insights into the challenges and opportunities of HIV and aging research under the COVID-19 pandemic. The workshop enriched our understanding of HIV and aging, identified the impact of COVID-19 on HIV communities, and offered future research directions.
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Erik D. Storholm, Wenjing Huang, Adedotun Ogunbajo, Keith J. Horvath, Cathy J. Reback, Jill Blumenthal, David J. Moore, Risa P. Flynn, Robert K. Bolan, Katya C. Corado, Sheldon R. Morris
Summary: Gender-based violence has a significant impact on the use and persistence of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among transgender and nonbinary individuals. Experience of gender-based violence and higher PTSD symptoms are associated with lower PrEP uptake and early discontinuation.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lillian Ham, Jessica L. Montoya, Vanessa Serrano, Samantha Yeager, Dafna Paltin, Elizabeth C. Pasipanodya, Maria J. Marquine, Martin Hoenigl, Christian B. Ramers, John Kua, David J. Moore
Summary: Black/African American communities are disproportionately affected by HIV, with poorer outcomes and higher psychosocial burden. A culturally adapted intervention was implemented to improve ART adherence among Black PWH. Psychosocial risk factors were identified and influenced intervention engagement and health outcomes. The iTAB intervention shows promise for Black PWH with low to moderate psychosocial burden.
AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maulika Kohli, Arin Fisher, Ni Sun-Suslow, Anne Heaton, Matthew S. S. Dawson, Jennifer Marquie, Donald R. R. Franklin, Maria Marquine, Jennifer E. E. Iudicello, Robert K. K. Heaton, David J. J. Moore
Summary: This study compared the reliability of teleneuropsychological (TNP) and in-person assessments (IPA) in individuals with and without HIV. The results showed significant correlations between TNP and IPA in terms of assessment stability in both the overall sample and individuals with HIV. TNP assessments have the potential to improve access to traditional neuropsychological services and maintain ongoing clinical research during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jake A. Robinson, Meng Niu, Howard S. Fox, Tricia H. Burdo
Summary: Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. A study on SIV-infected rhesus macaques found that SIV infection promotes heart inflammation through interferon and pathogen signaling, with little viral RNA in the heart. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) dampens inflammatory signaling but also reduces expression of genes associated with fatty acid metabolism in the heart.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Roger C. McIntosh, Uraina S. Clark, Mariana Cherner, Lucette A. Cysique, Robert K. Heaton, Jules Levin, Robert H. Remien, April Thames, David J. Moore, Leah H. Rubin
Summary: In the fifth decade of the HIV epidemic, CNS complications remain a burden for people with HIV. The underlying pathophysiology and treatment options are limited, highlighting the need to reexamine current approaches. At a recent conference, the Neurobehavioral Working Group discussed challenges in determining CNS complications, the heterogeneity of such complications, and potential solutions for examining integrated biotypes.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lesley A. Guarena, Lily Kamalyan, Caitlin Wei-Ming Watson, Kayle Karcher, Anya Umlauf, Erin Morgan, David Moore, Ronald Ellis, Igor Grant, Mariana Cherner, Raeanne C. Moore, Zvinka Z. Zlatar, Robert K. Heaton, Maria J. Marquine
Summary: This study aims to investigate emotional health and its association with neurocognition among Hispanic and White people with HIV. The findings show that Hispanic patients have better emotional well-being compared to their White counterparts. Additionally, different aspects of emotional health have varying relationships with neurocognition. Understanding these associations is crucial for developing culturally relevant interventions to promote neurocognitive health among Hispanic patients with HIV.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Applied
Everett Delfel, Andrea Hammond, Grant S. Shields, David J. Moore, George M. Slavich, April D. Thames
Summary: The ability to maintain functional independence may be diminished among medically compromised and chronically stressed populations, especially those living with HIV. The protective effects of psychological grit on mitigating the negative impact of stressors and adversity on functional impairment in HIV-positive and HIV-negative adults were examined in this study.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Armando Garces, Bryan Martinez, Roberto de la Garza, Deepa Roy, Kaylie-Anna Vallee, Jerel Adam Fields, David J. Moore, Hansapani Rodrigo, Upal Roy
Summary: The United Nations predicts that by 2050, one in every six people will be over the age of 65. With an increasing elderly population, the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a significant concern. AD is a multifactorial disease that involves neurodegeneration, mild dementia, and cognitive deficits. Additionally, individuals with HIV-1 experience accelerated aging and an increased risk of developing HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). This study focuses on identifying differentially expressed genes in both AD and HAND, and the results highlight the role of interferon pathways in the pathologies of these diseases within the brain, providing insights for future detection.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Vanessa B. Serrano, Elizabeth C. Pasipanodya, Jessica L. Montoya, Robert K. Heaton, Dilip V. Jeste, David J. Moore
Summary: Although people with HIV now have increased longevity, their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) still lags significantly compared to people without HIV. Perceived stress negatively impacts HRQoL, whereas psychosocial resources are linked to better HRQoL. This longitudinal analysis aims to explore the buffering role of psychosocial resources on the relationship between HRQoL and perceived stress.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN MEDICAL SETTINGS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Eliezer Z. Lichter, Andrew J. Trease, Kathryn Cooper, Kelly L. Stauch, Howard S. Fox
Summary: This study investigates the role of Parkin in the context of mitochondrial DNA mutations. The findings suggest that Parkin plays a tissue-dependent role in regulating mtDNA damage response, with differential effects in the brain and heart. Understanding the specific role of Parkin in different tissues may provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of PD and potential therapeutic strategies.