期刊
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
卷 60, 期 3, 页码 289-294出版社
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318258c6af
关键词
HIV; tuberculosis; screening; diagnosis; Africa; urine; Xpert MTB/RIF; antiretroviral
资金
- Wellcome Trust, London, United Kingdom
- National Institutes of Health [RO1 A1058736-01A1, 5UO1A1069519-02]
- USAID [3UO1A1069924-O2S]
We determined the diagnostic yield of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for tuberculosis (TB) when testing small volumes of urine from ambulatory HIV-infected patients before starting antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. Compared with a gold standard of sputum culture, the sensitivity of urine Xpert among those with CD4 cell counts of <50, 50-100, and >100 cells per microliter were 44.4%, 25.0%, and 2.7% (P = 0.001), respectively. Urine Xpert testing provides a means of rapid TB diagnosis in patients with advanced immunodeficiency and poor prognosis. These data are indicative of high rates of TB dissemination and renal involvement in this clinical population.
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