Review
Immunology
Javier Perez-Hernandez, Valerio Chiurchiu, Sylvain Perruche, Sylvaine You
Summary: This article discusses the role of bioactive lipids in regulating inflammatory responses and the importance of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in controlling chronic inflammation. Additionally, it explores their potential application as new biological markers for disease diagnosis, progression, and therapeutic tools to regulate inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Shimeng Zhang, Lei Li, Danli Xie, Srija Reddy, John W. Sleasman, Li Ma, Xiao-Ping Zhong
Summary: Tsc1, a regulator for mTOR signaling, plays differential roles in Tfh cell/GC B cell responses in the steady state and in immune responses to antigen immunization. In the steady state, Tsc1 in T cells intrinsically suppresses spontaneous GC-Tfh cell differentiation and subsequent GC-B cell formation and autoantibody production. In immune responses to antigen immunization, Tsc1 in T cells is required for efficient GC-Tfh cell expansion, GC-B cell induction, and antigen-specific antibody responses, at least in part via promoting GC-Tfh cell mitochondrial integrity and survival.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qingmei Liu, Yu Zhou, Kunyu Liao, Yan Liu, Yuehua Zhang, Hong Liu, Wen-Hsien Liu, Chenfeng Liu, Guangming Liu
Summary: This study identifies the anti-inflammatory mechanism of sulfated oligosaccharide of Gracilaria lemaneiformis (GLSO), which regulates immune responses by inhibiting T cell activation. These findings provide new insights for the industrial development of seaweeds as health food.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Vincenzo Barnaba
Summary: This article discusses the importance of long-term immunological memory in the long-term survival of species and the cellular and molecular features regulating its development and suppression in different environments. It also outlines therapeutic strategies to address pathological contexts such as infection, tumor, and autoimmunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Khalid W. Kalim, Jun-Qi Yang, Vishnu Modur, Phuong Nguyen, Yuan Li, Yi Zheng, Fukun Guo
Summary: Different levels of RhoA expression in Treg cells distinguish tumor immunity from autoimmunity. Targeting RhoA in Treg cells may trigger anti-tumor T cell immunity without causing autoimmune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natasa Kustrimovic, Daniela Gallo, Eliana Piantanida, Luigi Bartalena, Adriana Lai, Nicola Zerbinati, Maria Laura Tanda, Lorenzo Mortara
Summary: Maintaining the delicate balance between immune response and tolerance is crucial for health. T regulatory cells play a pivotal role in preserving self-tolerance and suppressing inflammation. In Graves' disease, these cells are likely impaired or reduced in frequency. Understanding the role of Tregs in Graves' disease is important for developing new treatment strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Meena S. Madhur, Fernando Elijovich, Matthew R. Alexander, Ashley Pitzer, Jeanne Ishimwe, Justin P. Van Beusecum, David M. Patrick, Charles D. Smart, Thomas R. Kleyman, Justin Kingery, Robert N. Peck, Cheryl L. Laffer, Annet Kirabo
Summary: Even after blood pressure normalization, patients with hypertension still face elevated cardiovascular risk such as stroke, heart failure, and heart attack, possibly due to underlying immune cell activation. Triggers like viral infections, autoimmunity, and lifestyle factors can initiate immune activation leading to chronic inflammation and hypertension. T cells play a central role in the immune responses contributing to hypertension.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Timoteo Marchini, Sophie Hansen, Dennis Wolf
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall characterized by the formation of vessel-occluding plaques. Recent evidence suggests that autoreactive CD4(+) T cells recognizing self-peptides from Apolipoprotein B play a crucial role in driving the autoimmune response and contributing to plaque instability.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tom Snir, Hagit Philip, Miri Gordin, Alona Zilberberg, Sol Efroni
Summary: Immunotherapy plays a crucial role in cancer treatment, and the unique characteristics of an individual's T cell receptor repertoire are essential for its effectiveness. This study analyzed the repertoire through sequencing and generated a longitudinal dataset of T cell clones and their abundance after anti-CTLA-4 treatment in a mouse model for colorectal cancer. The dynamics of the repertoire over four weeks showed the ascending and descending clonal expansion of specific clones in response to treatment. The data can be used for treatment determination and prediction of its effect, as well as providing insights into the behavior of the immune system over time.
Review
Immunology
Dariusz Szukiewicz
Summary: Endometriosis is a common estrogen dependent inflammatory condition that may be related to epigenetic mechanisms. T cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and autoimmune diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Valentin S. Schaefer, Peter Brossart, Kenneth J. Warrington, Christian Kurts, Georg W. Sendtner, Clemens A. Aden
Summary: Giant cell arteritis is a common form of large vessel vasculitis that affects large and medium-sized arteries in patients over 50. The disease is characterized by aggressive wall inflammation, neoangiogenesis, and remodeling processes. The etiology is unknown, but cellular and humoral immunopathological processes have been well described. Current therapies include glucocorticoids, tocilizumab, and methotrexate, but new agents such as JAK/STAT inhibitors, PD-1 agonists, and MMP-9 blocking substances are being evaluated in clinical trials.
AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Patricia Almendro-Vazquez, Rocio Laguna-Goya, Estela Paz-Artal
Summary: SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell response is crucial for viral clearance, COVID-19 outcome, and long-term memory. Impaired early T cell-driven immunity leads to severe disease, while an early induction of specific T cells followed by antibody production is associated with a mild course. Delayed and persistent CD8+ T cell activation may contribute to lung pathology. Long-term maintenance of T cell response appears more stable than antibody levels. T cell responses are conserved against variants of concern, and current COVID-19 vaccination elicits a protective T cell response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Amelie M. Jule, Ki Pui Lam, Maria Taylor, Kacie J. Hoyt, Kevin Wei, Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus, Siobhan M. Case, Mia Chandler, Margaret H. Chang, Ezra M. Cohen, Fatma Dedeoglu, Olha Halyabar, Jonathan Hausmann, Melissa M. Hazen, Erin Janssen, Jeffrey Lo, Mindy S. Lo, Esra Meidan, Jordan E. Roberts, Holly Wobma, Mary Beth F. Son, Robert P. Sundel, Pui Y. Lee, Peter T. Sage, Talal A. Chatila, Peter A. Nigrovic, Deepak A. Rao, Lauren A. Henderson
Summary: Tph cells play a crucial role in driving B cell maturation and antibody production in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. In this study, the researchers investigated T cell-B cell interactions in juvenile oligoarthritis and found dysregulated Tph cells promoting B cell antibody production in the synovial fluid of patients with antinuclear antibodies. The single-cell transcriptomics analysis revealed the upregulation of B cell help-associated genes in Tph cells from ANA-positive patients. These findings highlight the central role of disordered T cell-help to B cells in autoantibody-positive arthritides.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Catherine J. Reynolds, Corinna Pade, Joseph M. Gibbons, David K. Butler, Ashley D. Otter, Katia Menacho, Marianna Fontana, Angelique Smit, Jane E. Sackville-West, Teresa Cutino-Moguel, Mala K. Maini, Benjamin Chain, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Tim Brooks, Amanda Semper, Charlotte Manisty, Thomas A. Treibel, James C. Moon, Ana M. Valdes, Aine McKnight, Daniel M. Altmann, Rosemary Boyton
Summary: Vaccination with a single dose of BNT162b2 after prior infection with a heterologous variant substantially enhances neutralizing antibody responses against variants. In contrast, individuals without prior infection showed reduced immunity against variants after receiving a single vaccine dose.
Article
Immunology
Abhinav Seth, Yoshiyuki Yokokura, Jin-Young Choi, Justin A. Shyer, Aurobind Vidyarthi, Joe Craft
Summary: Coordinated gene expression programs play a crucial role in T cell subset development and function. This study reveals that NFAT gene expression, typically associated with hyporesponsive T cell states, is also a distinguishing feature of Tfh cells. Disruption of NFAT signaling specifically impacts Tfh cell maintenance and has therapeutic potential for autoantibody-dependent autoimmunity.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)