Article
Neurosciences
Jens Bohlken, Steffi Riedel-Heller, Gilles Steininger, Karel Kostev, Bernhard Michalowsky
Summary: The study in Germany from 2015 to 2019 showed a decrease in the prevalence and incidence rates of dementia, particularly in patients aged 80 and older. However, the prevalence and incidence rates of mild cognitive impairment remained stable. Overall, there was a slight decrease in the number of dementia patients while the number of mild cognitive impairment patients increased.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Michaela Rice, Deana Davalos, Michael L. Thomas
Summary: Prospective memory is impaired in individuals with dementia-related disorders. This review examined 21 studies on intervention strategies for prospective memory and found that interventions can improve prospective memory abilities. However, there are concerns about ecological validity and lack of diversity in interventions across different stages of dementia-related disorders.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Alexandra Wolf, Kornkanok Tripanpitak, Satoshi Umeda, Mihoko Otake-Matsuura
Summary: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional zone between normal cognition and dementia, and has become a novel topic in clinical research. Early detection is crucial but logistically challenging, and technological advancements in cognitive scoring methodologies are needed. Non-invasive eye-tracking-based paradigms may contribute to early AD detection, but further longitudinal investigations are necessary for clinical applications.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Laia Delfa-Lobato, Joan Guardia-Olmos, Maria Feliu-Torruella
Summary: This study explored the benefits of different modalities of cultural activities for cognitively impaired individuals, finding significant improvements in general cognition, quality of life, emotional wellbeing, socialization, and communication. However, there was not enough evidence to prove memory, language, or daily functioning improvements attributable to cultural interventions.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Leicia Iris de Assuncao Prado, Ana Lucia Junger, Leonardo Ferreira Caixeta, Matias Noll, Cesar de Oliveira, Erika Aparecida Silveira
Summary: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of treating dementia and cognitive decline with methylfolate supplementation in older adults. The main outcomes analyzed will be dementia and changes in cognitive function. Secondary outcomes, such as inflammatory markers and folic acid levels, will also be assessed.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel Heutz, Jurgen Claassen, Sanne Feiner, Aaron Davies, Dewakar Gurung, Ronney B. Panerai, Rianne de Heus, Lucy C. Beishon
Summary: Dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) is a key mechanism that regulates cerebral blood flow in response to transient changes in blood pressure. The literature remains conflicted on whether dCA is altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A qualitative synthesis of eight studies suggests no significant difference in dCA parameters for spontaneous fluctuations between AD, MCI, and healthy controls. Limited data on induced fluctuations indicate preserved or possibly better autoregulatory functioning in AD and MCI compared to controls. Further research is needed to investigate dCA in dementia with induced fluctuations controlling for changes in end-tidal carbon dioxide.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Rostamzadeh Ayda, Kahlert Anna, Kalthegener Franziska, Jessen Frank
Summary: This review highlights the need for specific psychotherapeutic and psychoeducational approaches for individuals at risk of Alzheimer's dementia, particularly in terms of early intervention to improve mental health and well-being. The literature search found limited evidence for interventions that may improve mood and well-being, with most studies having small sample sizes and short follow-up monitoring. Qualitative data suggests positive impact on cognitive restructuring and disease acceptance, but specific determinants of efficacy have not been identified.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Linghao Meng, Yang Zhang, Shushan Zhang, Fugui Jiang, Leihao Sha, Yajia Lan, Lei Huang
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to explore the association between noise exposure and the risk of dementia. The results showed a positive linear association between noise increment and dementia risk. Additionally, the study indicated that noise exposure may be a specific risk factor for dementia.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jemma Hazan, Michelle Wing, Kathy Y. Liu, Suzanne Reeves, Robert Howard
Summary: This study evaluated the clinical utility of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in patients with cognitive impairment. The meta-analysis showed that the use of CSF biomarkers led to changes in diagnosis, increased diagnostic confidence, and influenced patient management. Further research is needed to explore the clinical utility of blood-based biomarkers.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Seung Wan Suh, You Joung Kim, Kyung Phil Kwak, Kiwon Kim, Moon-Doo Kim, Byung-Soo Kim, Bong Jo Kim, Shin Gyeom Kim, Jeong Lan Kim, Tae Hui Kim, Seok Woo Moon, Kyung Won Park, Jong-Il Park, Joon Hyuk Park, Jae Nam Bae, Jiyeong Seo, Su Jeong Seong, Sang Joon Son, Il-Seon Shin, Seung-Ho Ryu, Kang Joon Lee, Nam-Jin Lee, Dong Young Lee, Dong Woo Lee, Seok Bum Lee, Chang Uk Lee, Sung Man Chang, Hyun-Ghang Jeong, Maeng Je Cho, Seong-Jin Cho, Jin Hyeong Jhoo, Young Min Choe, Ji Won Han, Ki Woong Kim
Summary: The prevalence of dementia in elderly populations in Korea showed a nonsignificant decrease between 2008 and 2017, with Alzheimer's disease also decreasing slightly while mild cognitive impairment remained stable.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Abdul Gofir, Samekto Wibowo, Muhammad Hakimi, David Dwi Putera, Irawan Satriotomo, Mustofa Mustofa
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on folic acid treatments for vascular cognitive impairment. The findings suggest that folic acid can effectively lower plasma homocysteine concentration, but it has limited impact on cognitive function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Sara Becker, Mohammad Chowdhury, Pattara Tavilsup, Dallas Seitz, Brandy L. Callahan
Summary: This review summarizes the existing literature on the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases or dementia associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although there is evidence of a link between ADHD and subsequent development of dementia, the direct effect of ADHD on neurodegeneration and the underlying mechanism are still unclear. Further empirical studies are needed to investigate these aspects.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Swarna Vishwanath, Vazhma Qaderi, Claire J. Steves, Christopher M. Reid, Ingrid Hopper, Joanne Ryan
Summary: There is an association between heart failure (HF) and cognitive change and dementia. HF is not significantly associated with dementia, but increases the risk of cognitive impairment. Patients with HF perform worse on cognitive tests.
JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Muhannad Smadi, Melina Kaburis, Youval Schnapper, Gabriel Reina, Patricio Molero, Marc L. Molendijk
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the associations between neurodegenerative diseases, MCI, and the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 and the course and outcome of COVID-19. Through the analysis of 136 studies, it is found that people with dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease are at an increased risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2. Individuals with dementia also tend to have a more severe course of COVID-19. Moreover, neurodegenerative diseases and MCI are associated with a higher COVID-19-related mortality rate.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Daiene Santos Buglio, Ledyane Taynara Marton, Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Elen Landgraf Guiguer, Adriano Cressoni Araujo, Rogerio Leone Buchaim, Ricardo de Alvares Goulart, Claudio Jose Rubira, Sandra M. Barbalho
Summary: This systematic review assessed the effects of resveratrol (RSV) on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The results showed that in AD patients, RSV improved brain volume, reduced Mini-mental status score, and improved AD scores. In MCI patients, RSV prevented decline in Standard Volumes of Interest and increased Resting-state Functional Connectivity score. RSV has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which may contribute to preventing and promoting recovery of neurodegenerative diseases.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD
(2022)
Article
Gerontology
Clara Scher, Sophie Crawley, Claudia Cooper, Elizabeth L. Sampson, Kirsten J. Moore
Summary: The study found that the majority of participants considered the animation to be relevant to their situation, but did not meet the expected targets for usefulness and acceptability. Qualitative feedback suggested that the animation could help improve understanding of grief among carers, family, friends, and healthcare professionals. The animation was deemed most useful for carers of newly diagnosed individuals with dementia.
DEMENTIA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
E. L. Sampson, J. Wright, J. Dove, N. Mukadam
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on mental health. This study explored the patterns in referrals to psychiatric liaison services in North Central London during the pandemic and found that there was a decrease in referrals during the first wave, which then increased after the lockdown ended.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anna Steel, Helen Hopwood, Elizabeth Goodwin, Elizabeth L. Sampson
Summary: This study describes a multi-disciplinary residential home quality improvement project which effectively reduced hospital admission rates and polypharmacy among residents through collaborative interventions of experts from different disciplines, leading to increased cardio-pulmonary resuscitation decisions and advance care planning discussions.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lucy Owen, Anna Steel, Kristin Goffe, Joanna Pleming, Elizabeth L. Sampson
Summary: Multidisciplinary simulation training is an effective way to teach Advance Care Planning (ACP) to doctors, nurses, and allied healthcare professionals. The simulation significantly improved participants' understanding, confidence, and reduced barriers to discussions, both immediately and three months later.
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Sophie Crawley, Elizabeth L. Sampson, Kirsten J. Moore, Nuriye Kupeli, Emily West
Summary: Research on grief in family carers of people with dementia has shown that being a spouse, having lower education level, caring for someone with advanced dementia, and experiencing higher burden and depression are associated with higher pre-death grief. Lower education level and depression are predictive of higher post-death grief.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ping-Jen Chen, Lisanne Smits, Rose Miranda, Jung-Yu Liao, Irene Petersen, Lieve Van den Block, Elizabeth L. Sampson
Summary: This systematic review examines the impact of home healthcare (HHC) on end-of-life outcomes in people living with dementia (PLWD). The review finds that HHC may lower acute healthcare utilization in the early stages of end-of-life care for PLWD, but may increase it in the late stages. HHC may also increase referrals for palliative care. However, the quality of the included studies is low, and further research is needed to explore other factors related to end-of-life outcomes in PLWD.
Article
Gerontology
Sophie Crawley, Kirsten Moore, Victoria Vickerstaff, Emily Fisher, Claudia Cooper, Elizabeth L. Sampson
Summary: This study aimed to explore how sociodemographic factors, health literacy, and previous experiences of dementia influence family carers' knowledge about dementia. The results showed that greater health literacy and more years of education were associated with greater dementia knowledge. Although there was a slight trend between attending support groups and lower knowledge, there were notable gaps in knowledge, with only a minority accurately identifying dementia as life shortening.
DEMENTIA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Yehudit Bauernfreund, Naomi Launders, Graziella Favarato, Joseph F. Hayes, David Osborn, Elizabeth L. Sampson
Summary: The incidence of delirium diagnoses in people with severe mental illness has increased in recent years. Older age, higher use of antipsychotic medications, and more physical comorbidities are associated with a higher incidence of delirium.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Emily West, Pushpa Nair, Narin Aker, Elizabeth L. Sampson, Kirsten Moore, Jill Manthorpe, Greta Rait, Kate Walters, Nuriye Kupeli, Nathan Davies
Summary: The study aimed to develop a decision-aid in collaboration with people living with dementia and their carers to support their decision-making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kanthee Anantapong, Nathan Davies, Elizabeth L. Sampson
Summary: This study aimed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the experiences, views, and needs of family carers and hospital staff regarding communication and conversations about nutrition and hydration for patients with severe dementia. The study found that families tended to wait for hospital staff to initiate discussions, but they often experienced frustration with delays and repeated conversations. Some staff members felt unprepared to manage these conversations. Additionally, key information and care plans about eating and drinking were not consistently shared during discharge processes.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kanthee Anantapong, Andrea Bruun, Anne Walford, Christina H. Smith, Jill Manthorpe, Elizabeth L. Sampson, Nathan Davies
Summary: Using co-design processes, an evidence-based decision guide was developed to support decision-making about eating and drinking for hospital patients with severe dementia. The decision guide aims to facilitate conversations and shared decision-making processes in acute hospitals, and help people reach evidence-based decisions. It has been disseminated and is being used in clinical practice in England.
HEALTH EXPECTATIONS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kirsten J. Moore, Sophie Crawley, Emily Fisher, Claudia Cooper, Victoria Vickerstaff, Elizabeth L. Sampson
Summary: This study aimed to identify strategies to help carers manage pre-death grief. The results showed that emotion and problem-focused coping styles were associated with lower grief intensity, while dysfunctional coping was associated with higher grief intensity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Kanthee Anantapong, Elizabeth L. Sampson, Nathan Davies
Summary: This study interviewed 29 family carers and hospital staff in England to understand the decision-making processes regarding eating and drinking for hospital patients with severe dementia. A modified decision-making model consisting of six stages was proposed, emphasizing the importance of shared decision-making and addressing the holistic needs and personal values of individuals with dementia and their family carers. The study found that hospital staff often made assumptions without consulting family carers, highlighting the need for improved communication. The decision-making process was influenced by ward culture, professional practice, and legal framework, suggesting the importance of considering cultural and personal beliefs. Treatment escalation plans could help inform stepwise treatments and guide future decisions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alex Tsui, Natalie Yeo, Samuel D. Searle, Helen Bowden, Katrin Hoffmann, Joanne Hornby, Arley Goslett, Maryse Weston-Clarke, David Lanham, Patrick Hogan, Anna Seeley, Mark Rawle, Nish Chaturvedi, Elizabeth L. Sampson, Kenneth Rockwood, Colm Cunningham, E. Wesley Ely, Sarah J. Richardson, Carol Brayne, Graciela Muniz Terrera, Zoe Tieges, Alasdair M. J. MacLullich, Daniel Davis
Summary: This study examines the relationship between cognitive function and the severity of delirium in older adults. The authors find a U-shaped relationship, indicating that both lower and higher cognitive function are associated with more severe delirium symptoms. This highlights the importance of cognitive function in the prevention and treatment of delirium.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yolanda Barrado-Martin, Pushpa Nair, Kanthee Anantapong, Narin Aker, Kirsten J. Moore, Christina H. Smith, Greta Rait, Elizabeth L. Sampson, Jill Manthorpe, Nathan Davies
Summary: The study identified the needs of family caregivers and professionals supporting people living with dementia with eating and drinking difficulties towards the end of life, emphasizing the importance of mutual support, flexibility, and awareness of the challenges associated with dementia progression.
HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY
(2022)