Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chiara Ferraris, Clara Rimicci, Sara Garelli, Elena Ugazio, Luigi Battaglia
Summary: Nanosystems have various cosmetic functions and properties being widely used in the global market. However, safety concerns and regulatory landscape still need to be considered. The European context shows the most restrictive regulations and main safety concerns regarding nanomaterials.
Review
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, S. Biserta, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, J. Buschmann, M. A. Cancellieri, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, S. Gadhia, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: The assessment of cyclohexanol for toxicity and environmental impact shows that there are no safety concerns, supporting its safe use.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, J. Buschmann, M. A. Cancellieri, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: The assessment on citronellyl acetate indicates low risk in terms of genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, and reproductive toxicity, while also meeting environmental safety standards.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, M. A. Cancellieri, H. Chon, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: Based on the safety assessment, the available information supports the use of 1-Menthyl methylether in terms of genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, photoirritation/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, J. Buschmann, M. A. Cancellieri, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: The existing data supports the use of alpha-cyclohexylidene benzeneacetonitrile in safety assessment for various aspects. The material is not genotoxic and shows a Margin of Exposure (MOE) > 100 for repeated dose toxicity and reproductive toxicity. Additionally, it is found to have a No Expected Sensitization Induction Level (NESIL) for skin sensitization and is not expected to be phototoxic/ photoallergenic.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Jr Jr Burton, M. A. Cancellieri, H. Chon, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: Based on the safety assessment, the available data supports the use of phenylacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal without any safety concerns regarding genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, M. A. Cancellieri, H. Chon, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: The safety assessment of acetoin supports its use in various aspects, including genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. The data show that acetoin does not pose genotoxic risks and has sufficient margin of exposure for repeated dose toxicity and local respiratory toxicity. It also does not exceed the threshold of toxicological concern for reproductive toxicity. There are no safety concerns for skin sensitization at current declared levels of use. Acetoin is not expected to be phototoxic/photoallergenic and meets the environmental standards for persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, J. Buschmann, M. A. Cancellieri, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I. Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: Based on the evaluation of various endpoints, data show that 2,6-nonadienenitrile does not pose any safety concerns for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, J. Buschmann, M. A. Cancellieri, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: The compound 2-cyclohexylidene-2-o-tolylacetonitrile has shown non-genotoxic properties and a calculated Margin of Exposure (MOE) > 100 for repeated dose toxicity and reproductive toxicity. It is considered a skin sensitizer with a No Expected Sensitization Induction Level (NESIL) of 1200 μg/cm². Phototoxicity/photoallergenicity is not expected, and its environmental impact is deemed to be low based on the risk quotients.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Jr Jr Burton, M. A. Cancellieri, H. Chon, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: Based on various toxicity tests and environmental safety assessments, isodecyl acetate is determined to be safe for use at the declared levels, as it does not present genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, or skin sensitization concerns. The substance is also found to have low environmental risk quotients.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, J. Buschmann, M. A. Cancellieri, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: The safety assessment of carvyl acetate indicates that it is not toxic in various aspects, such as genotoxicity. The skin sensitization data show a No Expected Sensitization Induction Level of 550 mu g/cm(2) for carvyl acetate. The environmental evaluation reveals that carvyl acetate is not Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, M. A. Cancellieri, H. Chon, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: This safety assessment confirms that methyl propionate has no safety concerns in terms of genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety. Data from analogs also support the lack of adverse effects on health and the environment.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, J. Buschmann, M. A. Cancellieri, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: The safety assessment supports the use of citronellyl butyrate in various aspects such as genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, and skin sensitization. It also meets environmental standards and is not persistent, bioaccumulative, or toxic.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, M. A. Cancellieri, H. Chon, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: Based on the safety assessment, the existing information supports the use of carvyl propionate in various aspects such as genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, J. Buschmann, M. A. Cancellieri, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: Myraldyl acetate has been evaluated for genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, reproductive toxicity, local respiratory toxicity, phototoxicity/photoallergenicity, skin sensitization, and environmental safety, showing low toxicity risks in all aspects.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
