Article
Chemistry, Applied
Keying Yang, Ying Yang, Yun Xie, Yingyi Mao, Xiang Li, Qing Guo
Summary: Achieving proper postprandial glycemic control is crucial for preventing and managing diabetes, but limited data is available on the precise effect of macronutrients due to food structure. This study formulated 7 nutrition shakes with balanced macronutrients and similar structures but different protein, oil, carbohydrate, and fiber sources. The results showed that soybean protein and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT) decreased blood glucose levels compared to sodium caseinate and long-chain triglycerides (LCT) respectively. Maltodextrin decreased peak blood glucose levels and maltodextrin + whey protein and MCT + whey protein + syrup + fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) showed reduced food intake.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Natalya J. Beer, Ben Jackson, James A. Dimmock, Kym J. Guelfi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of sprint interval training (SIT) combined with need-support on post-exercise food consumption. The results showed that SIT with psychological need-support significantly decreased post-exercise energy intake from snacks, while traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) did not affect food intake. SIT with need-support is well-tolerated in physically inactive individuals with overweight and offers an alternative to traditional exercise prescription.
Article
Food Science & Technology
David G. King, Daniel Peart, David Broom, Garry A. Tew
Summary: This study investigated the effects of pre-meal whey protein consumption on acute food intake and subsequent energy balance in males of healthy-weight or living with overweight and obesity. The results showed that whey protein reduced energy intake at the next meal without upregulating compensatory behaviors in both healthy-weight and overweight/obese males. However, the chronic effects of whey protein on body composition and weight loss still need to be elucidated.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Esme R. Tuttiett, Dan J. Green, Emma J. Stevenson, Thomas R. Hill, Bernard M. Corfe, Elizabeth A. Williams
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of short-term protein supplementation on energy and nutrient intake and appetite in middle-older age adults. The results showed that a 20 g/day whey protein supplement given outside of meal-times did not alter habitual dietary intakes, hunger or appetite in this population.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Halim Moore, Julie Siroux, Bruno Pereira, Maud Miguet, Alicia Fillon, Celine Dionnet, Valerie Julian, Martine Duclos, Yves Boirie, Graham Finlayson, Laurie Isacco, David Thivel
Summary: The energy content of fixed meals has a more reliable effect on postprandial appetite in adolescents with obesity, even without significant changes in macronutrient distribution.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Daniel R. Quast, Michael A. Nauck, Nina Schenker, Bjoern A. Menge, Christoph Kapitza, Juris J. Meier
Summary: Both long-acting (liraglutide) and short-acting (lixisenatide) glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists have similar effects on body weight, energy, and macronutrient intake. Both treatments are associated with improved exocrine pancreas function. Reductions in appetite and body weight as a result of treatment with short- or long-acting GLP-1 RAs are not driven by changes in gastric emptying or gastrointestinal side effects.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sophie C. Hannon, Sarah E. Hillier, Pariyarath S. Thondre, Miriam E. Clegg
Summary: The study found that low energy-dense ready meals can reduce hunger and increase satiety, despite no significant difference in short-term energy intake between meals. Participants consumed less fat and saturated fat but more carbohydrates, sugars, fiber, protein, and salt with the low energy-dense ready meals.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alba Miguens-Gomez, Marta Sierra-Cruz, Esther Rodriguez-Gallego, Raul Beltran-Debon, M. Teresa Blay, Ximena Terra, Montserrat Pinent, Anna Ardevol
Summary: This study compared the effects of insect and almond preloads on appetite and food intake. The results showed that the insect preload increased protein intake without increasing total energy intake, and had a lower impact on sleepiness and tiredness compared to the almond preload. Insect-derived protein could be a suitable and safe ingredient for snacks intended for elderly or infirm patients.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tommy Slater, William J. A. Mode, John Hough, Ruth M. James, Craig Sale, Lewis J. James, David J. Clayton
Summary: Eating a very-low-energy placebo breakfast doesn't change lunch energy intake, but may decrease total energy intake across breakfast and lunch, and reduce subjective appetite increases related to skipping breakfast. Eating a full-food breakfast resulted in lower lunch energy intake compared to water-only breakfast, and total energy intake was lower for the placebo and water-only breakfasts compared to the full-food breakfast. Additionally, subjective hunger, desire to eat, and prospective food consumption AUC were lower and fullness AUC was higher for both the placebo and full-food breakfasts compared to water-only breakfast.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liya Kerem, Elizabeth A. Lawson
Summary: This review comprehensively describes both the central and peripheral effects of oxytocin on eating behavior and metabolism, as well as discussing the association between endogenous oxytocin levels and weight status, metabolic syndrome, and bone health. The review also highlights the potential of intranasal oxytocin as a therapeutic option for obesity treatment and the challenges of translating oxytocin research into clinical care.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anja Bosy-Westphal, Franziska A. Haegele, Manfred J. Mueller
Summary: Energy turnover and its relationship with energy intake play a crucial role in weight management, with habitual physical activity level and the etiology of energy turnover impacting this relationship.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kenneth Prudence Abasubong, Guang-Zhen Jiang, Hui-Xing Guo, Xi Wang, Yang-yang Huang, Xiang-Fei Li, Dong Yan-zou, Wen-bin Liu, Hesham Eed Desouky
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a high-calorie diet on appetite and central AMPK in blunt snout bream. The results showed that the high-fat diet increased lipid intake, and all high-calorie diets led to higher energy intake. Long-term high-fat and high-carbohydrate diets increased plasma glucose, glycated serum protein, insulin and leptin levels. The expression of central AMPK pathway in the hypothalamus varied in different diet groups.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Adel Pezeshki, Prasanth K. Chelikani
Summary: Low protein diets are associated with increased lifespan and improved cardiometabolic health primarily in rodents, and likely improve human health. These diets markedly influence caloric intake and energy expenditure, often leading to decreased body weight and adiposity in animal models. Accumulating evidence suggests that increased sympathetic flux to brown adipose tissue, fibroblast growth factor-21, and serotonergic signaling play important roles in the thermogenic effects of low protein diets.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Patrick Wyatt, Sarah E. Berry, Graham Finlayson, Ruairi O'Driscoll, George Hadjigeorgiou, David A. Drew, Haya Al Khatib, Long H. Nguyen, Inbar Linenberg, Andrew T. Chan, Tim D. Spector, Paul W. Franks, Jonathan Wolf, John Blundell, Ana M. Valdes
Summary: Research suggests that postprandial glucose dips at 2-3 hours after a meal are a better predictor of hunger and subsequent energy intake compared to peak glucose levels at 0-2 hours. Understanding the relationship between postprandial glucose, appetite, and energy intake can provide valuable insights into weight loss interventions.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anja Bosy-Westphal, Franziska A. Haegele, Manfred J. Mueller
Summary: This narrative review examines the relationship between energy intake and expenditure, finding that different ways of increasing energy expenditure may result in different regulation responses towards food intake. Exercise, physical activity, heat exposure, and high protein intake are beneficial for weight loss, while cold exposure or sleep loss-induced increase in energy expenditure may lead to overcompensation of energy intake, especially in thrifty phenotypes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Vinutha B. Shetty, Paul A. Fournier, Nirubasini Paramalingam, Wayne Soon, Heather C. Roby, Timothy W. Jones, Elizabeth A. Davis
Summary: Under hyperinsulinemic conditions, exogenous glucose requirements to maintain stable blood glucose levels increase with exercise intensity, but plateau after moderate to high-intensity exercise (>65% VO2 peak), indicating that high-intensity exercise does not confer protection against hypoglycemia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jackson J. Peos, Eric R. Helms, Paul A. Fournier, Julian Ong, Carly Hall, James Krieger, Amanda Sainsbury
Summary: The study found that similar fat loss and fat-free mass retention were achieved with intermittent moderate energy restriction (mIER) and continuous moderate energy restriction (mCER) during 12 weeks of energy restriction, but mIER was associated with reduced appetite.
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jackson J. Peos, Eric R. Helms, Paul A. Fournier, James Krieger, Amanda Sainsbury
Summary: This study found that a 1-week diet break improved muscle endurance in the legs and increased mental alertness, while reducing appetite and irritability.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Shaun Y. M. Teo, Jill A. Kanaley, Kym J. Guelfi, James A. Dimmock, Ben Jackson, Timothy J. Fairchild
Summary: Exercise training, regardless of timing, increased fullness, decreased daily energy intake and body-fat, with no significant difference in response based on exercise timing. Disinhibition and hunger behaviors decreased following exercise training, with disinhibition showing greater improvements in the evening exercise group. Objective and subjective sleep quantity increased with training, while sleep quality did not change significantly.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Shina Leow, James A. Dimmock, Kym J. Guelfi, Jacqueline A. Alderson, Ben Jackson
Summary: The relationship between stress and food consumption is complex, with significant variation between and within individuals. This study identified factors influencing stress-induced eating behaviors, revealing diverse responses to stress and a range of influential factors. These findings offer important insights for researchers and interventions targeting unhealthy dietary responses to stress.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cory W. Dugan, Shane K. Maloney, Kristina J. Abramoff, Sohan S. Panag, Elizabeth A. Davis, Timothy W. Jones, Paul A. Fournier
Summary: The study found that exercising under acute hypoxia may lead to a greater decline in blood glucose levels in individuals with T1D, increasing the risk of hypoglycemia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nursing
K. H. Law, J. A. Dimmock, K. J. Guelfi, T. Nguyen, E. Bennett, L. Gibson, X. H. Tan, B. Jackson
Summary: The study demonstrates that the Mummy Buddy Program, a peer volunteer support program, is highly feasible for providing social support to first-time mothers. 95.1% of volunteer mothers felt adequately trained, and 85.8% of new mothers were satisfied with the support provided.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Natalya J. Beer, Ben Jackson, James A. Dimmock, Kym J. Guelfi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of sprint interval training (SIT) combined with need-support on post-exercise food consumption. The results showed that SIT with psychological need-support significantly decreased post-exercise energy intake from snacks, while traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) did not affect food intake. SIT with need-support is well-tolerated in physically inactive individuals with overweight and offers an alternative to traditional exercise prescription.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wayne H. K. Soon, Paul A. Fournier, Mary B. Abraham, Grant J. Smith, Nirubasini Paramalingam, Vinutha B. Shetty, Kym J. Guelfi, Timothy W. Jones, Elizabeth A. Davis
Summary: This study examined the within-person variability in plasma glucose responses to moderate-intensity morning exercise in young individuals with type 1 diabetes. The findings suggest that within-person plasma glucose responses to moderate-intensity exercise may be reproducible under fasting and basal insulin conditions.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nirubasini Paramalingam, Barbara L. L. Keating, Tarini Chetty, Paul A. A. Fournier, Wayne H. K. Soon, Joanne M. M. O'Dea, Alison G. G. Roberts, Michael Horowitz, Timothy W. W. Jones, Elizabeth A. A. Davis
Summary: This study examined the impact of consuming 50 grams of protein on blood glucose levels after moderate-intensity exercise in individuals with type 1 diabetes. The results showed that consuming protein increased blood glucose levels compared to water alone, but also lowered the risk of hypoglycemia by stimulating glucagon-mediated glucose production. However, a protein intake of 50 grams may be excessive for maintaining stable blood glucose levels.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kristina Abramoff, Lauren De Souza, Shane Maloney, Elizabeth Davis, Timothy Jones, Paul Fournier
Summary: Deep neck immersion in cool water does not cause a change in blood glucose concentration in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus, but recovery from cool water leads to an increase in blood glucose, which may be partly due to a decrease in plasma insulin.
JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
C. M. Farrell, A. D. McNeilly, S. M. Hapca, T. W. Jones, P. A. Fournier, D. West, R. J. McCrimmon
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
V. Shetty, R. Lim, W. Soon, H. Roby, A. Roberts, G. Smith, S. Teo, P. Fournier, T. Jones, E. Davis
DIABETES TECHNOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Penelope Larsen, Frank E. Marino, Kym Guelfi, Rob Duffield, Melissa Skein
Summary: This preliminary study found that vigorous exercise can mitigate the effects of sleep disruption on appetite and mood, alleviating some aspects of food cravings and countering the impaired mood states that exist after multiple days of restricted and fragmented sleep.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2021)