Article
Mathematics, Applied
Junpu Li, Zhuojia Fu, Yan Gu, Lan Zhang
Summary: This article aims to establish a dual-level fast direct solver to efficiently solve large-scale dense linear systems caused by semi-analytical boundary collocation methods. The dual-level fast direct solver constructs a sparse approximate inverse matrix to approximate the solution of linear equations. It overcomes the drawback of the GMRES in solving such systems. Practical engineering problems, such as acoustic scattering from an A320 aircraft and a human head, are analyzed using the dual-level fast direct solver.
COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ruoyan Li, Yijun Liu, Wenjing Ye
Summary: This paper proposes a fast direct boundary element method (BEM) for 3D acoustic problems, which is more suitable for broadband acoustic simulation of complex structures. The method is based on the hierarchical off-diagonal low-rank (HODLR) matrix, randomized interpolative decomposition, and fast matrix inversion formula. Numerical examples show that the fast direct BEM achieves the same accuracy and higher computational efficiency compared to the conventional direct BEM.
ENGINEERING ANALYSIS WITH BOUNDARY ELEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Jorge Delgado, Guillermo Pena, Juan Manuel Pena
Summary: This paper presents a linear time complexity method for obtaining the bidiagonal decomposition of Green matrices with high relative accuracy. Moreover, when the Green matrix is nonsingular and totally positive, this bidiagonal decomposition can be utilized to compute the eigenvalues, inverse, and solutions of linear systems of equations with high relative accuracy. A numerical example demonstrates the advantages of this method.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ziheng Zou, Kui Hua, Xuegong Zhang
Summary: HGC is a fast Hierarchical Graph-based Clustering tool that addresses the issues of fixed number of clusters and lack of hierarchical information in single-cell data clustering. Experiments demonstrate that HGC enables multiresolution exploration of biological hierarchy, achieves state-of-the-art accuracy on benchmark data, and is capable of scaling to large datasets.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Xiang Xie, Wei Wang, Kai He, Guanglin Li
Summary: This paper presents a fast model order reduction boundary element method (FMORBEM) for three-dimensional acoustic wave problems with the impedance boundary condition at high frequencies. The method consists of a precomputation phase and a solution phase, achieving lower computational complexity and memory consumption through a cutoff technique and matrix projection. The results show improved computational efficiency and reduced memory requirement compared to the conventional boundary element method in high-frequency scattering analysis.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jia Chen, Xin Luo, Mengchu Zhou
Summary: This paper proposes a two-layered Hierarchical Particle swarm optimization-incorporated Latent factor analysis (HPL) model, which can effectively address the learning rate adaptation and premature convergence issues in high-dimensional sparse matrices, achieving accurate representation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIG DATA
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Changkai Qiu, Changchun Yin, Yunhe Liu, Xiuyan Ren, Hui Chen, Tingjie Yan
Summary: This study discusses the challenges in inversion of geophysical survey data for complex 3D structures and presents the development of efficient and robust iterative solvers to address these challenges. By transforming the linear system into real-number format and introducing optimal block-diagonal preconditioners, the study achieves fast solution convergence for frequency-domain CSEM modeling problems.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Laura Bagur, Stephanie Chaillat, Patrick Ciarlet
Summary: Standard hierarchical matrix (H-matrix)-based methods are not optimal for oscillatory kernels, but still significant in mechanical engineering. This study investigates the effect of complex wavenumber on H-matrix-based fast methods and proposes an improvement for solving dense linear systems.
ADVANCES IN COMPUTATIONAL MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jordan Dugan, Tom J. Smy, Shulabh Gupta
Summary: An accelerated integral equations (IE) field solver using fast multipole method (FMM) is proposed for determining scattered fields from electrically large electromagnetic metasurfaces. The method utilizes an equivalent zero thickness sheet model and the generalized sheet transition conditions (GSTCs) to express the metasurfaces. By dividing the current elements on the metasurface into near- and far-groups and using either rigorous or approximated Green's function, the computation time is reduced without sacrificing solution accuracy. Numerical examples confirm the speed improvement of the FMM IE-GSTC method over the standard IE-GSTC method, and its usefulness in improving signal coverage in blind areas of an electrically large radio environment.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Xuebin Jin, Yewang Chen, Wentao Fan, Yong Zhang, Jixiang Du
Summary: This paper proposes a Revised In-Place Inversion algorithm for inverting a large number of small matrices on the CUDA platform, which adopts a more refined parallelization scheme and outperforms other algorithms, achieving a speedup of up to 20.9572 times over the batch matrix inverse kernel in CUBLAS. Additionally, it is found that there is an upper bound on the input data size for each GPU device, and the performance will degrade if the input data size is too large. Therefore, the Saturation Size Curve is proposed to divide matrices into batches and improve the algorithm performance.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Emerson Bastos, Eder Lima de Albuquerque, Lucas Silveira Campos, Luiz Carlos Wrobel
Summary: This study presents two fast isogeometric formulations of the Boundary Element Method (BEM) accelerated by the Fast Multipole Method (FMM) and Hierarchical Matrices respectively. Both formulations use NURBS as shape functions and reduce computational cost through decomposition. Validation is performed by comparing with the conventional BEM formulation and the advantages in large scale problems are demonstrated.
LATIN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Shufeng Gong, Yanfeng Zhang, Ge Yu
Summary: Prioritized computation shows promising performance for a large class of graph algorithms by prioritizing important vertices. Hotness Balanced Partition (HBP) is proposed for accelerating prioritized iterative graph computations by distributing vertices based on their hotness to evenly distribute hot vertices among workers.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Matthew Bross, Sven Scharnowski, Christian J. Kaehler
Summary: Studies have shown that in compressible turbulent boundary layer flows, the frequencies of superstructures have slightly longer streamwise wavelengths, and there is a distinct increase in the spanwise spacing of superstructures in supersonic cases compared to subsonic and transonic turbulent boundary layers.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Michael Mara, Felix Heide, Michael Zollhoefer, Matthias Niessner, Pat Hanrahan
Summary: This paper discusses the manual implementation and optimization process of large-scale optimization problems, as well as incorporating insights into Thallo to achieve high-performance GPU solvers. It introduces various code reorganizations performed by implementers of high-performance solvers and defines a large scheduling space to handle different types of non-linear and non-smooth problems.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON GRAPHICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jingyu Wang, Lin Wang, Feiping Nie, Xuelong Li
Summary: The study introduces a fast unsupervised projection method, which constructs a simplified graph of samples and representative points to reduce projection time for large-scale data and ensure the orthogonality of the projection matrix. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of retaining information using this method.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Aldyandra Hami Seno, M. H. Ferri Aliabadi
Summary: This article presents a novel data-driven stochastic method based on Kriging for impact location and maximum force estimation using Lamb wave features with reliable quantification of output uncertainty. By incorporating statistical pattern matching and uncertainty quantification, the method provides a more reliable estimate for experimental impacts under various simulated conditions, highlighting the suitability of data-driven methods for uncertainty quantification.
STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Mengke Zhuang, Llewellyn Morse, Zahra Sharif Khodaei, M. H. Aliabadi
Summary: This work establishes a methodology to estimate the fatigue life of an anisotropic structure under uncertainty for the first time, utilizing the statistical inference of the Equivalent Initial Flaw Size Distribution (EIFSD). The challenges of detecting small cracks and predicting their fatigue propagation are overcome by the concept of the EIFSD, combined with a highly efficient computational tool for fatigue modelling problems: The Dual Boundary Element Method (DBEM). The proposed methodology demonstrates accurate fatigue life estimation with small errors compared to the actual fatigue life.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ilias N. Giannakeas, Zahra Sharif Khodaei, M. H. Ferri Aliabadi
Summary: This study presents a framework for estimating the initial investment cost and added weight of integrating a structural health monitoring (SHM) system into an aircraft. The framework breaks down the sensorization activities and costs using wired or printed diagnostic film approaches, and considers the difference between manual and remote data acquisition. Based on a case study of a regional aircraft composite fuselage, there is a trade-off between cost and weight for different SHM options. These estimations capture the characteristics of each system and can be used in cost-benefit analyses for selecting the most suitable configuration.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ilias N. Giannakeas, Zahra Sharif Khodaei, M. H. Aliabadi
Summary: This paper presents a novel framework for compensating the effect of temperature on guided wave structural health monitoring systems. The proposed methodology updates compensation factors using observations obtained at lower scales and propagates the estimated factors to higher scales within a Bayesian framework. The results show that the proposed methodology improves the fidelity of the compensation algorithm and enhances the performance of damage detection and localization.
STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
D. Campagna, A. Milazzo, I Benedetti, V Oliveri
Summary: This study presents a non-linear analysis method for considering damage initiation and evolution in variable angle tow composite plates under progressive loading. The model is based on first order shear deformation theory kinematics and non-linear strains in the von Karman sense. The constitutive relationships are formulated using continuum damage mechanics, allowing for in-plane damage initiation and evolution in each laminate layer. The Ritz polynomial expansion and minimization of the total potential energy provide the discrete solution equations, which are solved iteratively to capture damage evolution.
MECHANICS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Marco Grifo, Andrea Da Ronch, Ivano Benedetti
Summary: A computational framework for high-fidelity static aeroelastic analysis is presented in this paper. The framework combines a high-order structural model with a high-fidelity aerodynamics method, using the Carrera Unified Formulation and Finite Element Method. The aerodynamic fields are solved using the open-source software SU2, and a fluid-structure coupling algorithm based on the Moving Least Square technique is used. The paper provides thorough validation of each disciplinary solver and presents several application test cases. Overall, the method shows good agreement with predictions from potential flow theory for moderate freestream velocities, but deviations are observed at very low speed and in the high-subsonic regime, indicating the need for high-fidelity flow solutions at these conditions. The framework is also applied to the aeroelastic tailoring of a composite wing, and future implementation steps are discussed. Rating: 9/10.
AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Francisco J. Canamero, Federico C. Buroni, Ferri M. H. Aliabadi, Luis Rodriguez-Tembleque
Summary: This paper investigates the influence of internal defects, including active phase texture, CNT agglomerations, and interfacial damage, on the piezoelectric performance of composites. The study reveals that interfacial damage significantly affects the piezoelectric constants related to normal strain modes, while the constants related to shear strain remain unchanged. Near the percolation threshold of CNTs, there is a notable improvement in the piezoelectric response. The optimal texture and CNT volume fraction depend on the presence of interfacial damage.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
J. C. Wen, J. Sladek, V. Sladek, M. H. Aliabadi, P. H. Wen
Summary: This paper presents a Method of Fundamental Solutions (MFS) combined with Erdogan's solutions for Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) to analyze 2D fracture problems under static and dynamic loads. Erdogan derived analytical solutions for a pair of static concentrated forces in an infinite isotropic plate with a straight cut. The contribution of non-homogeneity in equilibrium equations is treated as body forces and requires domain integrals based on Erdogan's fundamental solutions. In dynamic cases, Laplace transformation and Durbin inversion technique are used to determine time-dependent variables such as stress intensity factors. Numerical domain integrals are obtained using the sub-region technique. The accuracy of MFS is demonstrated through four numerical examples and comparisons with different numerical approaches are performed.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Haolin Li, Zahra Sharif Khodaei, M. H. Ferri Aliabadi
Summary: A multiscale method is proposed in this paper for modeling damage evolution at the meso and macro scales in plain woven composites. The method employs an averaging theorem to couple macro and micro-scale simulations, allowing simultaneous computations at both scales. The proposed method addresses computational challenges by using a non-local approach to construct the macro-micro interface and introducing machine learning meta-models to reduce computing effort. Experimental tests and comparison with existing criteria validate the accuracy and applicability of the proposed method.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Tong-Rui Liu, Fadi Aldakheel, M. H. Aliabadi
Summary: In this paper, a new and efficient virtual element scheme for phase field modeling of dynamic fracture is proposed using an explicit time integration scheme. The whole problem is divided into two parts: mechanical and damage sub-problems, treated as elastodynamic and Poisson equations respectively. Benchmark problems are validated to test the performance of the proposed numerical framework, showing good agreement with corresponding numerical and experimental studies. Moreover, VEM outperforms FEM in terms of memory efficiency and choice of element type.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ivano Benedetti
Summary: This article proposes a grain scale framework for thermo-elastic analysis and computational homogenization of polycrystalline materials. The morphology of crystal aggregates is represented using Voronoi tessellations, retaining the main statistical features of polycrystalline materials. The behavior of individual grains is modeled using an integral representation for anisotropic thermo-elasticity and numerically addressed through a dual reciprocity boundary element method. The framework simplifies meshing and reduces computational costs, providing a useful tool for multiscale applications.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Marco Grifo, Vincenzo Gulizzi, Alberto Milazzo, Andrea Da Ronch, Ivano Benedetti
Summary: A novel computational approach combining a variable-order kinematics structural model with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is proposed for static aeroelastic analysis of metal and composite wings in transonic flows. This approach aims to develop a flexible computational aeroelastic framework that can accurately describe flow separation, viscous phenomena, and shock waves in high subsonic, transonic, or supersonic regimes.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mengke Zhuang, Llewellyn Morse, Zahra Sharif Khodaei, M. H. Aliabadi
Summary: A novel methodology using the Boundary Element Method (BEM) for evaluating the response sensitivities of shallow shell structures is presented. The Implicit Differentiation Method (IDM) is incorporated with BEM to assess the reliability of shallow shell structures. The IDM is validated against analytical solution and Finite Difference Method (FDM), showing high accuracy and efficiency. Sensitivity analysis reveals that uncertainties in curvature, thickness, and applied pressure distribution parameters have the largest impact on structural reliability.
ENGINEERING ANALYSIS WITH BOUNDARY ELEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Ilias N. Giannakeas, Fatemeh Mazaheri, Omar Bacarreza, Zahra Sharif Khodaei, Ferri M. H. Aliabadi
Summary: This study presents a framework for the asset integrity management of composites using a structural health monitoring system. The framework combines physics-based and data-driven models to accurately predict the location, size, and residual strength of the damage.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Civil
Alessandro De Luca, Donato Perfetto, Francesco Caputo, Zahra Sharif Khodaei, M. H. Aliabadi
Summary: Among the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems, Guided Waves (GW) based ones have been increasingly investigated for their reliability in damage detection, low power consumption requirement, and capability in monitoring extended areas with fewer transducers. However, their use in real applications is still challenging. This research focused on the effects of GW propagation mechanisms in a composite plate at an elevated temperature of 65 degrees C using a validated Finite Element (FE) model. The decrease in GW propagation velocity at 65 degrees C was observed.
EUROPEAN WORKSHOP ON STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING (EWSHM 2022), VOL 2
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Zhiqiang Meng, Xu Gao, Hujie Yan, Mingchao Liu, Huijie Cao, Tie Mei, Chang Qing Chen
Summary: This paper presents a cage-shaped, self-folding mechanical metamaterial that exhibits multiple deformation modes and has tunable mechanical properties, providing multifunctional applications in various fields.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Hasan Murat Oztemiz, Semsettin Temiz
Summary: Sandwich panel composites have various applications and their mechanical behavior and performance depend on material properties and geometry. The load-carrying capacity of S-core composite sandwich panels increases with the increase of the core wall thickness, but decreases with the increase of the core height.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Yang Sun, Wei Zhang, Weipeng Hu, Mabao Liu
Summary: The study presents a novel computational framework to investigate the effect of graphene percolation network on the strength-ductility of graphene/metal composites. It utilizes the Cauchy's probabilistic model, the field fluctuation method, and the irreversible thermodynamics principle.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Elaheh Kazemi-Khasragh, Juan P. Fernandez Blazquez, David Garoz Gomez, Carlos Gonzalez, Maciej Haranczyk
Summary: This study explores group interaction modelling (GIM) and machine learning (ML) approaches for predicting thermal and mechanical properties of polymers. ML approach offers more reliable predictions compared to GIM, which is highly dependent on the accuracy of input parameters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Yafei Yin, Shaotong Dong, Dong Wu, Min Li, Yuhang Li
Summary: This paper investigates a bending-induced instability in sandwiched composite structures, and establishes a phase diagram to predict its characteristics. The results are of great significance in understanding the physical mechanisms of bending instability and providing design guidelines for practical applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Dhairya R. Vyas, Sharen J. Cummins, Gary W. Delaney, Murray Rudman, Devang V. Khakhar
Summary: In this study, multiple collisions of granules on a substrate are analyzed using Collisional Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (CSPH) to understand the influence of impact-induced deformation on subsequent collision dynamics. It is found that the collision dynamics are dependent on the impact location and the deformation caused by preceding impacts. The accuracy of three theoretical models is also evaluated by comparing their predictions with CSPH results, and it is discovered that these models are only useful for predicting collisions at the same location repeatedly.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Sneha B. Cheryala, Chandra S. Yerramalli
Summary: The effect of hybridization on the growth of interface crack along the fiber is predicted. The study shows an enhancement in the compressive splitting strength with hybridization due to the lateral confinement effect on the interfacial crack.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Xiang-Nan Li, Xiao-Bao Zuo, Liang Li, Jing-Han Liu
Summary: A multiscale mechanical model is proposed to quantitatively describe the macro-mechanical behavior of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) based on its multiscale material compositions. The model establishes the stiffness and strength equations for each scale of FRC and demonstrates the influence of steel fiber parameters on the mechanical properties of FRC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Vicente Ramirez-Luis, Hilario Hernandez-Moreno, Orlando Susarrey-Huerta
Summary: In this paper, a Multicell Thin-walled Method is developed for studying the stress distributions in multimaterial beams. This method accurately obtains complex stress fields while reducing the solution time and computational cost. Validation with the finite element method confirms the accuracy of the proposed method.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Yanfeng Zheng, Siyuan Li, Jingyao Zhang, Yaozhi Luo
Summary: This study proposes an enhanced simplified model based on finite particle method (FPM) to consider the link cross-sectional size and contact in Bennett linkages. The model introduces virtual beams and contact forces to accurately simulate the real-world behavior of Bennett linkages. The proposed method is effective for dynamic analysis of large-scale deployable Bennett linkages and shows great potential.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Viktoriya Pasternak, Heorhiy Sulym, Iaroslav M. Pasternak
Summary: This paper investigates anisotropic elastic, magnetoelectroelastic, and quasicrystal solids and presents their equations of time-harmonic motion and constitutive relations in a compact and unified form. A matrix approach is proposed to derive the 3D time-harmonic Green's functions for these materials. The effects of phason field dynamics on the phonon oscillations in quasicrystals are studied in detail. The paper provides a strict proof that the eigenvalues of the time-harmonic magnetoelectroelaticity problem are all positive. It also demonstrates the application of the obtained time-harmonic Green's functions in solving boundary value problems for these materials using the derived boundary integral equations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Jan Tomec, Gordan Jelenic
Summary: This paper investigates the relationship between different formulations and contact-force models in beam-to-beam contact mechanics. It specifically addresses the recently developed mortar method and develops its variant based on the penalty method. The developed elements are tested using the same examples to provide an objective comparison in terms of robustness and computational cost.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Paulo Teixeira Goncalves, Albertino Arteiro, Nuno Rocha, Fermin Otero
Summary: This work presents a novel formulation of a 3D smeared crack model for unidirectional fiber-reinforced polymer composites based on a stress invariant approach for transverse yielding and failure initiation. The performance of the model is evaluated using monotonic and non-monotonic damage evolution, verified with single element tests and compared with experimental results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Hanbin Yin, Yinji Ma, Xue Feng
Summary: This paper investigates the peeling behavior of a viscoelastic film bonded to a rigid substrate and establishes a theoretical peeling model. The study reveals three typical relationships between the peeling force and peeling velocity, which depend on the viscous dissipation within the film and the rate-dependent adhesion at the interface. Additionally, factors such as film thickness, interfacial toughness, and interfacial strength are identified as influencing the steady-state peeling force.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Mechanics
Peter Noe Poulsen, John Forbes Olesen
Summary: Finite Element Limit Analysis (FELA) is increasingly used to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of structures made of ductile materials. This study presents a consistent and general weak formulation based on virtual work for both the lower and upper bound problem, ensuring uniqueness of the optimal solution. A plane element with linear stress variation and quadratic displacement field is introduced, showing good results for load level, stress distribution, and collapse mechanism even for coarse meshes in verification and reinforced concrete examples.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
(2024)
