Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Soohyeon Ko, Hannah Oh, S. V. Subramanian, Rockli Kim
Summary: With an aging population, India is experiencing an increasing burden of cardiovascular diseases. This study analyzed nationally representative data from the National Family Health Survey and found substantial small area variability in CVD risk factors in India. The study highlights the importance of precise policy attention and intervention at small area level to prevent and manage CVD risk factors.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stephanie Ross, Kashika Chadha, Shantanu Mishra, Sarah Lewington, Sasha Shepperd, Toral Gathani
Summary: This study reveals a higher prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and overweight individuals in rural India compared to previous reports. These findings highlight the changing disease profile in rural India and have implications for future health service planning.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Manoj Kumar Gupta, Pankaja Raghav, Tooba Tanvir, Vaishali Gautam, Amit Mehto, Yachana Choudhary, Ankit Mittal, Gyanendra Singh, Garima Singh, Pritish Baskaran, V. R. Rehana, Shaima Abdul Jabbar, S. Sridevi, Akhil Dhanesh Goel, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Suman Saurabh, S. Srikanth, K. H. Naveen, T. Prasanna, Neeti Rustagi, Prem Prakash Sharma
Summary: This study aimed to recalibrate the effectiveness of the Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) and Community-Based Assessment Checklist (CBAC) by opportunistic screening of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Hypertension (HT) among people attending health centers. The results showed that IDRS had the maximum area under the curve and sensitivity, making it a useful tool for screening diabetes and hypertension.
Article
Ophthalmology
Rohit Saxena, Vivek Gupta, Priyanka Prasad, Amit Bhardwaj, Praveen Vashist
Summary: A study in rural northern India found a 6.4% prevalence of myopia in children, with a strong inverse association with time spent outdoors especially in private schools. Awareness of modifiable risk factors, regular screenings, and lifestyle modifications are essential for addressing the increasing prevalence of myopia in rural areas.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ajinkya Kothavale, Parul Puri, Purvi G. Sangani
Summary: The study found that elderly individuals experience losses at all stages of hypertension care, with the highest dip observed in blood pressure control. The findings suggest associations between socio-economic, demographic, and lifestyle factors with hypertension and uncontrolled blood pressure levels.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
C. Venkata S. Ram, Sudhir Kumar, Pushpendra Nath Renjen, G. Praveen Kumar, Jayanthi Swaminathan, C. Rajesh Reddy, Sathyanarayana Kondati, Mukesh Sharma, V. L. Arul Selvan, Meenakshi Sundaram, Anupama Vasudevan, Daniel Lackland
Summary: The main risk factors for stroke in India are hypertension and diabetes, which need to be controlled and treated to prevent stroke.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Puja Chebrolu, Ravi Kurbude, Manju Thakur, Naman Shah, Rachna Jain
Summary: A study in rural, central India found a prevalence of 1.9% for GDM, which was associated with pre-hypertension but not with BMI. With appropriate management, there were no differences in fetal complications between GDM and NGT groups. More research is needed to define optimal screening strategies for such settings.
Article
Biology
Erni Astutik, Farapti Farapti, Tika D. Tama, Septa I. Puspikawati
Summary: The study conducted in rural and urban areas of East Java, Indonesia, found differences in hypertension prevalence between the two areas. Risk factors for hypertension in urban areas include urine sodium level, urine potassium level, and Body Mass Index, while age is a significant factor in rural areas. Collaboration from various stakeholders and sectors is urgently needed to address these risk factors.
YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Saravanan Munisankar, Anuradha Rajamanickam, Suganthi Balasubramanian, Satishwaran Muthusamy, Pradeep Aravindan Menon, Shaik Fayaz Ahamed, Christopher Whalen, Paschaline Gumne, Inderdeep Kaur, Varma Nadimpalli, Akshay Deverakonda, Zhenhao Chen, John David Otto, Tesfalidet Habitegiyorgis, Harish Kandaswamy, Subash Babu
Summary: The study aimed to assess the prevalence of non-communicable multi-morbidity, including diabetes, malnutrition, and hypertension, as risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) progressing to active tuberculosis (TB). The findings showed that diabetes, pre-diabetes, and hypertension were associated with an increased risk of LTBI progression to active TB. The results suggest that managing these risk factors through nutrition and lifestyle modification could help prevent the development of active TB in individuals with LTBI.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
D. Kanieeth, Krishnan Swaminathan, Ganesan Velmurugan, Arulraj Ramakrishnan, Thomas Alexander, Avinash Kumar Raghupathy, Sundaresan Mohanraj
Summary: The objective of this study was to explore the association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and cardiovascular risk factors in the Indian population. A cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted, which included participants from rural, sub-urban, and urban areas. The study found a positive association between SUA levels and cardiovascular risk factors, but a negative correlation between SUA levels and HbA1c.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Abhishek Menesgere, Jonas S. Sundarakumar, Shafeeq K. Shahul Hameed, Vijayalakshmi Ravindranath
Summary: This study aimed to assess risk factors for dementia in rural India and compare them with those in urban areas. The results showed that despite a lower proportion of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity in the rural cohort, the overall CAIDE score was higher due to lower educational levels.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
B. Gayathri, Sujata Sujata, Ramna Thakur
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of mortality and morbidity globally, particularly among older adults. This study aims to estimate the exclusive effects of various risk factors on CVDs among older adults aged 45 years and above in India. Using data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI), propensity score matching is used to estimate the exposure effects of different risk factors on CVDs. The results show that environmental, behavioral, physiological, and genetic risk factors have a positive and significant impact on CVDs. Among the independent risk factors, diabetes has the highest effect on CVDs, followed by overweight, cholesterol, family history, alcohol consumption, and depression. The study concludes that physiological risk factors are more severe among older adults.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Prachi Mehndiratta, Kathleen A. Ryan, Carolyn Cronin, Marcella Wozniak, John W. Cole, Seemant Chaturvedi, Michael S. Phipps, Patrick McArdle, Steven Kittner
Summary: The risk of stroke in young Black adults significantly increases when they have multiple vascular risk factors.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bartosz Symonides, Jacek Lewandowski, Wojciech Marcinkowski, Jacek Zawierucha, Tomasz Prystacki, Jolanta Malyszko
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, characteristics, and determinants of apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH) in a large population of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Prevalence rates of hypertension and aTRH were determined using pre- and post-dialysis blood pressure criteria. The results showed that aTRH in ESKD HD patients appears to be multifactorial, influenced by patient-related factors rather than dialysis-related factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Roy Arokiam Daniel, Partha Haldar, Shashi Kant, Anand Krishnan, Rakesh Kumar, Sanjeev Kumar Gupta
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and determinants of hypertension among adolescents in a rural area in North India. The study found a high prevalence of hypertension among adolescents, which was associated with BMI and family history of noncommunicable disease.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Tammy M. Brady, Raj Padwal, Drew E. Blakeman, Margaret Farrell, Thomas R. Frieden, Prabhdeep Kaur, Andrew E. Moran, Marc G. Jaffe
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION
(2020)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Prabhdeep Kaur, Abhishek Kunwar, Meenakshi Sharma, Jhilam Mitra, Chinmoyee Das, Leimapokpam Swasticharan, Tapas Chakma, Sampada Dipak Bangar, Vettrichelvan Venkatasamy, Raviteja Dharamsoth, Saurabh Purohit, Sadhana Tayade, Gurinder B. Singh, Sailaja Bitragunta, Kiran Durgad, Bidisha Das, Sunil Dar, Rupali Bharadwaj, Chakshu Joshi, Vishwajit Bharadwaj, Suhas Khedkar, Sravan Chenji, Sravan K. Reddy, Chintala Sreedhar, Ganeshkumar Parasuraman, Savitha Kasiviswanathan, Vidhya Viswanathan, Pankaj Uike, Pooja Gaigaware, Suniti Yadav, R. S. Dhaliwal, Sivasubramanian Ramakrishnan, Fikru T. Tullu, Balram Bhargava
Summary: The IHCI, a multi-partner initiative in India, implemented a hypertension control program which showed significant improvements in blood pressure control in primary care settings. However, high loss to follow-up limits the population health impact of the program.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION
(2021)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Polani Rubeshkumar, Alby John, Manish Narnaware, M. Jagadeesan, Fermi Vidya, Rajeshkumar Gurunathan, Parasuraman Ganeshkumar, Gagandeep Singh Bedi, Prabhdeep Kaur
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Abhishek Kunwar, Kiran Durgad, Prabhdeep Kaur, Meenakshi Sharma, Leimapokpam Swasticharan, Madhavi Mallela, Ashish Saxena, Sadhana Tayade, Sandeep Gill, Bipin K. Gopal, Anupam K. Pathni, Fikru T. Tullu, R. S. Dhaliwal, Balram Bhargava
Summary: During the COVID-19 lockdown in India, the IHCI effectively improved access to antihypertensive medications for patients through community drug distribution and home delivery, demonstrating the feasibility of this adaptive strategy for hypertension care during and after the pandemic.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
M. Jagadeesan, Parasuraman Ganeshkumar, Prabhdeep Kaur, Hemalatha Masanam Sriramulu, Manikandanesan Sakthivel, Polani Rubeshkumar, Mohankumar Raju, Lakshmidevi Murugesan, Raajkumar Ganapathi, Mahalakshmi Srinivasan, Aswini Sukumar, Kumaravel Ilangovan, Madhusudhan Reddy, Divyadharshini Shanmugam, Prakash Govindasamy, Manoj Murhekar
Summary: This study describes the public health strategies implemented in Chennai, India to control the COVID-19 pandemic from March to October 2020. The strategies included surveillance, testing, contact tracing, isolation, and restrictions. The combination of these strategies may have contributed to controlling the epidemic in a densely populated city.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Prabhdeep Kaur, Abhishek Kunwar, Meenakshi Sharma, Kiran Durgad, Sudhir Gupta, Balram Bhargava
Summary: The India Hypertension Control Initiative (IHCI) project aimed to improve hypertension control in public sector clinics by implementing standard treatment protocols, providing free antihypertensive drugs, team-based care, patient-centered care, and an information system. The project demonstrated the feasibility of protocol-based hypertension treatment and control supported by reliable drug supply and accurate information systems. However, improvements in screening, retention in care, and drug supply are needed for a nationwide hypertension control program.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yazhini Madurapandian, Polani Rubeshkumar, Mohankumar Raju, Aishwarya Janane, Parasuraman Ganeshkumar, T. S. Selvavinayagam, Prabhdeep Kaur
Summary: The study found an outbreak of acute conjunctivitis in a visually impaired school, which was associated with close contact with a case and staying inside the campus.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ramya Nagarajan, Polani Rubeshkumar, Murugesan Jagadeesan, Mohankumar Raju, Manikandanesan Sakthivel, Sharan Murali, Muthappan Sendhilkumar, Kumaravel Ilangovan, Dineshkumar Harikrishnan, Vettrichelvan Venkatasamy, Parasuraman Ganeshkumar, Prabhdeep Kaur
Summary: Although the knowledge regarding mask use was good among the public, the attitude was unfavorable. We suggest continuous reinforcement by spreading awareness and educating the community on the appropriate use of the mask.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Vasna Joshua, Kamaraj Pattabi, Yuvaraj Jeyaraman, Prabhdeep Kaur, Tarun Bhatnagar, Suresh Arunachalam, Sabarinathan Ramasamy, Venkateshprabhu Janagaraj, Manoj Murhekar
Summary: This study compared the prevalence estimates of self-reported hypertension and diabetes mellitus using a complete sampling frame (CSF) and a spatial sampling frame (SSF) in semi-urban and rural settings. The results showed similar prevalence estimates between the two sampling frames, with no significant differences. Both CSF and SSF contained the prevalence rates of the two medical conditions in the 95% confidence intervals, with CSF showing a narrower confidence interval width for diabetes mellitus in SRS cases. The coefficient of variation exceeded 10.0% more frequently for CSF compared to SSF, indicating that SSF was found to be as efficient as CSF.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Archana Ramalingam, Mohankumar Raju, Parasuraman Ganeshkumar, Rajesh Yadav, Sukarma Tanwar, Manikandanesan Sakthivel, Qaiser Mukhtar, Prabhdeep Kaur
PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Piyush Jain, Amit Kapoor, Polani Rubeshkumar, Mohankumar Raju, Bency Joseph, Prashant Bhat, Parasuraman Ganeshkumar, Chandrasekharan Nair Kesavachandran, Devendra Kumar Patel, Natesan Manickam, Prabhdeep Kaur
Summary: A chemical leakage in a village in Uttar Pradesh, India resulted in seven deaths due to asphyxia from the leaked chemical Lindane. Recommendations include using leak-proof tanks, strengthening law enforcement, and implementing regulations to prevent people from staying close to chemical storage sites.
ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Ravivarman Lakshmanasamy, Prabhdeep Kaur
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Swagata Kumar Sahoo, Anupam K. Pathni, Prabhdeep Kaur, Abhishek Kunwar, Bhawna Sharma, Margaret L. Farrell, Andrew E. Moran, Jan Komrska, Thomas R. Frieden
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nuzrath Jahan, Polani Rubeshkumar, Mathan Karuppiah, Irene Sambath, Muthappan Sendhilkumar, Kumaravel Ilangovan, Roopavathi Ongesh, Manikandanesan Sakthivel, Raju Mohankumar, Muthusamy Santhosh Kumar, Parasuraman Ganeshkumar, Manickam Ponnaiah, Prabhdeep Kaur
Summary: Through media surveillance, it was found that India reported 694 confirmed COVID-19 cases and 17 deaths as of March 26, 2020, with cases primarily concentrated in the age group of 20-59 years and among males.
CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jayaraj Joseph, P. M. Nabeel, Sudha Ramachandra Rao, Ramachandran Venkatachalam, Malay Ilesh Shah, Prabhdeep Kaur
Summary: The study demonstrated the feasibility of carotid stiffness measurement in a community setting. A positive association between the risk factors and carotid artery stiffness provides evidence for the device's use in resource-constrained settings.
IEEE JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL ENGINEERING IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE
(2021)
