Article
Ecology
Ricardo E. Felix-Burruel, Eugenio Larios, Edgar J. Gonzalez, Alberto Burquez
Summary: Each year, a mature large saguaro cactus produces about one million seeds, but only a few will persist into mature saguaros. Research suggests that saguaro recruitment is episodic and depends on suitable conditions for survival. A new method study at a regional scale found that saguaro recruitment is influenced by previous size, drought, soil structure and periodic El Nino events.
Article
Ecology
Theresa Foley, Don E. Swann, Guadalupe Sotelo, Nicholas Perkins, Daniel E. Winkler
Summary: The saguaro cactus, a keystone species endemic to the Sonoran Desert of northern Mexico and the southwestern United States, was found to have asymmetrically distributed flowers with a seasonal pattern of counterclockwise radial spreading. This study is the first to document a seasonal, counterclockwise pattern of asynchronous flowering in saguaro, with potential implications for the cacti's response to climate change.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Michael J. Sanderson, Alberto Burquez, Dario Copetti, Michelle M. McMahon, Yichao Zeng, Martin F. Wojciechowski
Summary: The study analyzes the phylogenetic structure within a species by using genome sequencing data of the saguaro cactus, revealing well-resolved and consistent phylogenetic trees across different data sets. The most likely root of the saguaro cactus is inferred to be in the east and south, supporting hypotheses of postglacial expansion. The study highlights the importance of using SNP-based methods for phylogenomic analysis within species, especially when gene flow and linkage effects are present.
SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
James D. Mauseth
Summary: The research found that the shoot apical meristems of Carnegiea gigantea grow episodically and asymmetrically, with new ribs not initiated at uniform intervals or locations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Joshua L. Conver, Kevin N. Raleigh, Don E. Swann
Summary: The estimation of germination year based on saguaro growth rates is crucial for understanding population dynamics. A study conducted in Saguaro National Park found that saguaro growth rates varied among different habitats over time, potentially impacting scientific and ecological implications.
NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Mario A. A. Sandoval-Molina, Jose G. Garcia-Franco, Cecilia Diaz-Castelazo, Mariusz Krzysztof Janczur
Summary: In exchange for extrafloral nectar, ants can deter herbivores from plants and improve their growth and survival. This study investigates the sex-related differences in ant-plant interactions in Opuntia robusta plants with extrafloral nectaries, and how resource investment influences the outcomes of these interactions in terms of ant foraging, herbivory, growth, and survival.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ryan Summers, Matthew Hovland, Yvette Gibson, Ricardo Mata-Gonzalez
Summary: A vegetation study conducted in Saguaro National Park, Arizona, showed significant increases in overall canopy cover, density, and Shannon diversity between 1976 and 2018. Changes in plant community structure were correlated with increased temperature, precipitation, and vapor pressure differential.
APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lance S. Evans
Summary: In this study, the impact of bark coverages on saguaro cacti mortality was analyzed, with various algorithms used to predict and model bark coverages and cactus death. Results showed that bark coverages originated on south-facing surfaces and progressed to north-facing surfaces, ultimately leading to cactus death. The best predictors of cactus death were found to be north-right troughs with west-facing surfaces.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ali Zalghout, Samuel Castro, Jolina Karam, Kamil Kaloush
Summary: The use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in asphalt mixtures has gained attention, but there has been cautious progress in harsh hot climate areas. This study evaluated the performance of RAP mixtures using field produced Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures (HMA) in the laboratory. The results showed that adding 15% and 25% RAP did not significantly affect stiffness, but improved rutting resistance, had comparable cracking performance, and acceptable moisture damage resistance. Based on the study's results, it is recommended to incorporate RAP as a sustainable paving activity.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Po-An Lin, Jessica Kansman, Wen-Po Chuang, Christelle Robert, Matthias Erb, Gary W. Felton
Summary: Water availability has a significant impact on plant-herbivore interactions. This review summarizes recent research on the effects of water availability on plant antiherbivore defense and the physiological processes involved. Water deficit tends to enhance certain defense traits but negatively affects others, and the impact of water availability on species interactions and plant evolution is discussed. However, there is a lack of study on the interactive impact of additional abiotic stressors on water-plant-herbivore interactions.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ashish Prasad, Susmita Sett, Manoj Prasad
Summary: Under field conditions, plants face various detrimental stresses that impact crop productivity. Climate change and emergence of new pathogen strains worsen the situation. International trade facilitates resource sharing but also leads to the spread of viruses and pathogens. Paradigm shift in research methodology focuses on combined stress. This review discusses recent developments and strategies to tackle plant-virus-abiotic stress interactions.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Elena Hamann, Cameron Blevins, Steven J. Franks, M. Inam Jameel, Jill T. Anderson
Summary: Elevated temperatures, CO2 concentrations, drought stress, and nutrient conditions induce greater food consumption by herbivores. These factors also have direct and indirect effects on herbivore development.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Veronica Zamora-Gutierrez, A. Nayelli Rivera-Villanueva, Santiago Martinez Balvanera, Arturo Castro-Castro, Jesus Aguirre-Gutierrez
Summary: The study analyzed the co-occurrence patterns between bat pollinators and the plants they pollinate, revealing potential disruptions due to changes in climate and land use that could impact pollination services provided by bats. The research predicts changes in bat species richness, distribution patterns of plant species with different metabolic types, and a decrease in the number of bat-plant interaction pairs in the pessimistic scenario, highlighting the potential risks to the current bat-plant co-occurrence network.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Beatrice Ellerhoff, Moritz J. Kirschner, Elisa Ziegler, Max D. Holloway, Louise Sime, Kira Rehfeld
Summary: Natural forcing from solar and volcanic activity has a significant impact on climate variability. The cooling effect caused by strong volcanic eruptions is more pronounced during colder climate conditions. The response of climate to natural forcing is not dependent on the state, but local differences are mainly influenced by sea ice changes. Forced simulations show better agreement with paleoclimate reconstructions compared to unforced scenarios. Considering natural forcing is thus important for model-data comparison and future projections.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Priscila Lemes, Fabiana G. Barbosa, Babak Naimi, Miguel B. Araujo
Summary: Scientists examined how animal-plant interactions and dispersal limitations might impact the responses of Brazil nut-dependent frogs to climate change. Their findings suggest that suitable habitats for these frogs are projected to decrease, which could have implications for their survival. However, it is crucial that these species maintain their own dispersal abilities in order to preserve ecological and evolutionary processes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)