Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hyeonkang Park, Chang-Soo Han, Chun-Woong Park, Kibum Kim
Summary: This study investigates the effects of mouthpiece designs in carrier-based dry powder inhalation on aerosol particle characteristics. It is found that a mouthpiece with a spiral channel and mixing chamber is effective in delivering drug particles uniformly to the peripheral target regions of the respiratory system under low flow velocities.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Francisco Javier Alvarez-Gutierrez, Ana Gomez-Bastero Fernandez, Juan Francisco Medina Gallardo, Carlos Campo Sien, Paula Rytila, Julio Delgado Romero
Summary: In this study, patient preference and satisfaction with the Easyhaler inhaler were investigated, showing that Easyhaler had better ratings in terms of patient satisfaction and preference compared to previously used DPI devices, indicating the importance of considering patient preferences and device choices in improving asthma adherence strategies.
PATIENT PREFERENCE AND ADHERENCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gajendra Singh, Albyn Lowe, Athiya Azeem, Shaokoon Cheng, Hak-Kim Chan, Ross Walenga, Agisilaos Kourmatzis
Summary: This study investigated the transport of pharmaceutical dry powder inside an inhaler-like device using high-speed imaging, focusing on the effect of inflow modifications on the dispersion characteristics of agglomerates inside the device. By strategically perturbing airflow conditions, the research observed complete fluidisation of the powder bed and various behaviors such as local turbulence, bimodal fragment size behavior, and flow separation induced by changes in flow behavior. The study's findings provide valuable data for understanding the impact of inflow conditions on a dry powder inhaler-like device and validating computational models.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hyeonkang Park, Chang-Soo Han, Chun-Woong Park, Kibum Kim
Summary: This study investigates the effects of adding bypass holes in a dry powder inhaler on aerosol particle characteristics. The direction, size, and position of the bypass holes in the inhaler passage were found to significantly influence the spray output. Adding bypass holes decreased the mean penetration length of drug particles by 12%, but simultaneously increased the spray angle by 35%, resulting in a significant decrease in forward particle momentum.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Francesca Buttini, Eride Quarta, Chiara Allegrini, Federico Lavorini
Summary: Pulmonary drug delivery is focused on directing drugs to lung disease sites for maximum therapeutic benefit, with capsule-based dry powder inhalers (cDPIs) being a popular and convenient option for treating a variety of diseases. cDPI technology is relatively simple, cost-effective, and has a lower carbon footprint compared to other inhaler devices.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xueying Xia, Ting Ding, Xiaole Chen, Feng Tao, Baobin Sun, Tong Lu, Jianwei Wang, Yu Huang, Yin Xu
Summary: This study proposes an experimental system to measure the deposition fraction (DF) of nebulized sodium chloride (NaCl) droplets in an idealized mouth-throat airway model. The results show that the DF decreases from 42.4% to 15.5% when the inhalation flow rate increases from 15 to 22.5 L/min for a normal saline solution. These results differ from dry powder or particle experiments and simulations, indicating the important role of droplet evaporation during aerosol generation and transport.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bryan Newman, Andrew Babiskin, Elizabeth Bielski, Susan Boc, Sneha Dhapare, Lanyan Fang, Katharine Feibus, Anubhav Kaviratna, Bing V. Li, Markham C. Luke, Tian Ma, Michael Spagnola, Ross L. Walenga, Zhong Wang, Liang Zhao, Nashwa El-Gendy, Craig M. Bertha, Mohammed Abd El-Shafy, Dhaval K. Gaglani
Summary: Regulatory science for generic dry powder inhalers (DPIs) in the United States has developed over the past decade, with the FDA publishing guidelines in 2013 to establish bioequivalence. These guidelines utilized various research activities and led to the approval of the first generic DPI in 2019.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jesse Capecelatro, Worth Longest, Connor Boerman, Mostafa Sulaiman, Sankaran Sundaresan
Summary: This article reviews recent developments in computational modeling of dry powder inhalers (DPIs), focusing on the physical processes of aerosolization and deposition, performance evaluation using simulation techniques, and prospects for improvement.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jamie E. Spahn, Feng Zhang, Hugh D. C. Smyth
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive overview of the extensive application of solids mixing in the pharmaceutical science, with a focus on the key factors of ordered mixing in the preparation of dry powder inhalers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Azin Jahangiri, Ali Nokhodchi, Kofi Asare-Addo, Erfan Salehzadeh, Shahram Emami, Shadi Yaqoubi, Hamed Hamishehkar
Summary: The study aimed to develop carrier-free inhalable CLX microparticles for dry powder inhalation (DPI) using electrospraying. The results showed that electrosprayed particles prepared from the ethanol-acetone solvent mixture at a drug concentration of 3% exhibited the best in vitro aerosolization properties.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
M. Sommerfeld
Summary: This study investigates the flow field and particle transport through inhaler devices using numerical simulations and turbulence models. The deposition of drug powder on inhaler walls, which is a major issue in inhaler performance, is analyzed in detail. The simulation considers particle forces, turbulent dispersion, and particle-wall adhesion. The results are compared with experimental observations, and the spatial distribution of deposits and emitted fraction of fine particles are evaluated for inhaler optimization.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaoyu Liu, Mostafa Sulaiman, Jari Kolehmainen, Ali Ozel, Sankaran Sundaresan
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of two coarse-grained CFD-DEM approaches in drug delivery via dry powder inhalers, finding that the representative particle approach can approximate CFD-DEM results with reasonable accuracies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Neetu Varun, Arnab Dutta, Chinmay Ghoroi
Summary: This study investigates the drug-excipient incompatibility in physical mixtures and its impact on properties of dry powder inhalers. The findings reveal the formation of condensed or addition compound due to interaction between drug and excipient in solid-state. The study also suggests that surface modification of excipient can improve the performance of the mixtures.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Francesca Orsola Alfano, Martin Sommerfeld, Francesco Paolo Di Maio, Alberto Di Renzo
Summary: This study analyzed the dispersion and discharge process of particles in carrier-based dry powder inhalers using discrete element method simulations. The simulations focused on the solid phase interactions and provided a mapping of particle-wall collisions and the tracking of particle paths until discharge. The research is valuable for understanding the interactions between particles inside the capsule and their impact on the discharge process.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xudong Zhou, Yaning Li, Hao Miao, Ya Zhang, Fen Huang, Renjie Li, Zhenbo Tong
Summary: The relative position between the pediatric upper airway and the inhalation device has significant effects on drug delivery efficiency. However, the mouth-throat differences between adults and children are often neglected. This study investigates these effects using realistic pediatric mouth-throat (RMT) models and compares them with an idealized mouth-throat (IMT) model. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed to analyze the flow and deposition patterns. The findings provide useful information for inhaler design in pediatric airways.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Julia F. Alopaeus, Anja Goebel, Joerg Breitkreutz, Sverre Arne Sande, Ingunn Tho
Summary: The study aimed to enhance the solubility of two lipophilic model drugs by forming inclusion complexes with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin while hindering taste sensation. The inclusion complexes showed improved taste perception compared to plain drugs, indicating successful tastemasking.
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Olga Kiefer, Bjoern Fischer, Joerg Breitkreutz
Summary: Individualized medicine is gaining attention in pharmaceutical research, requiring new concepts and manufacturing technologies. The combination of orodispersible films and inkjet printing technology provides precise and acceptable doses of MPT for pediatric use. Uniform dosages can be achieved, but considerations are needed for implementation of inkjet printing in pharmaceutical production due to nozzle aging affecting printed quantity.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Martin Mueller, Florian Platten, Martin Dulle, Bjorn Fischer, Werner Hoheisel, Peter Serno, Stefan Egelhaaf, Joerg Breitkreutz
Summary: The precipitation process and physicochemical properties of precipitates formed by regorafenib in amorphous solid dispersions were investigated. Different crystalline and amorphous precipitates were identified, and the controlled formation of defined amorphous structures in-vivo could be a promising future drug formulation strategy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anja Goebel, Joerg Breitkreutz
Summary: This paper presents a modification of the solvent casting technique to divide oral films into multiple compartments, aiming to improve handling properties, safety of application, drug release kinetics, and long-term stability. Feasibility studies showed that combination of different film-forming polymers can achieve these objectives.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rebecca Chamberlain, Hellen Windolf, Simon Geissler, Julian Quodbach, Joerg Breitkreutz
Summary: The aim of this research was to produce low-dosed filaments via hot-melt extrusion (HME) with a model drug for Parkinson's disease treatment. It was found that deviation from target drug concentration occurred due to degradation products in certain formulations. Material temperature and the formation of anhydrous drug in the extruded filaments should be considered for the calculation of recovered API. The study showed that equilibrium condition for drug content was reached relatively late in the process, and the calculated RSD by Stange-Poole equation can be used to evaluate the deviations of drug content in equilibrium conditions.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rebecca Chamberlain, Hellen Windolf, Bjoern B. Burckhardt, Joerg Breitkreutz, Bjoern Fischer
Summary: Individual dosing of pharmaceutics and personalized medicine have become important for therapeutic safety, including dose adjustments, biorelevant drug release, and combination of multiple active substances. This requires both innovative drug products and new analytical methods for drug development and quality control. The liquid-core waveguide UV absorbance flow cell detector coupled to an existing HPLC-UV system allows for simultaneous determination of different active ingredients and wide concentration ranges, increasing sensitivity and reducing analysis time.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Valentinee Elezaj, Ard Lura, Luis Canha, Joerg Breitkreutz
Summary: Epidermolysis bullosa is a skin fragility disorder that can be treated with mini-tablets containing losartan potassium. The development process faced several challenges, but successful formulation of the mini-tablets was achieved through dry granulation and appropriate coating, meeting pharmacopoeial requirements and demonstrating promising stability.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hellen Windolf, Rebecca Chamberlain, Joerg Breitkreutz, Julian Quodbach
Summary: Treating Parkinson's disease is challenging, and personalized therapy is crucial due to specific requirements of drug therapy. This study utilized 3D printing to create personalized medication, including both rapid and prolonged drug release formulations, to meet the varying drug release needs. This provides a more personalized and effective treatment option for patients with Parkinson's disease.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Stephanie Laeer, Willi Cawello, Bjoern B. Burckhardt, Laszlo Ablonczy, Milica Bajcetic, Johannes M. P. J. Breur, Michiel Dalinghaus, Christoph Male, Saskia N. de Wildt, Joerg Breitkreutz, Muhammed Faisal, Anne Keatley-Clarke, Ingrid Klingmann, Florian B. Lagler
Summary: This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of enalapril in pediatric heart failure patients using a novel oral disintegrating tablet formulation, finding the rate and extent of enalapril and its active metabolite, and supporting the tolerability and safety of the appropriate dosing schedule.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bakul Sarker, Mariele Fligge, Tanja Knaab, Joerg Breitkreutz
Summary: A novel electronic liquid dispensing system (ELDS) was investigated for producing individualized dose strengths of hard capsules. The ELDS showed good dosing accuracy and content uniformity compared to manual preparation, with almost no drug loss.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lena Hoffmann, Joerg Breitkreutz, Julian Quodbach
Summary: The aim of this research was to produce extrudates for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure and investigate the degradation of the drug enalapril maleate during hot-melt extrusion (HME). The study found that the use of specific polymer formulations prevented thermal degradation and maintained high dissolution. These findings have important implications for developing similar drug formulations.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Malin Hermeling, Christoph Nueboldt, Roman Heumann, Werner Hoheisel, Joerg Breitkreutz
Summary: Amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) are a prominent formulation approach for poorly soluble drugs. This study introduces a novel process technology called Nano-Dry-Melting (NDM) as an alternative option for ASD manufacturing. Feasibility studies and proof-of-concept experiments demonstrate the successful production of amorphous samples with NDM, even for drug candidates that cannot be processed by conventional methods.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mariele Fligge, Ilse Letofsky-Papst, Miriam Baeumers, Andreas Zimmer, Joerg Breitkreutz
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lena Hoffmann, Joerg Breitkreutz, Julian Quodbach
Summary: In this study, 3D printed tablets containing enalapril maleate were produced using Fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology, and two different formulations were prepared to investigate drug degradation during the printing process. Despite attempts to prevent degradation using various methods, it was not completely successful, but significant differences in degradation levels were observed between formulations with different polymers.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lukas C. Lammerding, Joerg Breitkreutz
Summary: The study investigated the use of inkjet printing as a manufacturing technology for dissolvable microneedle array patches. It was found that using printing method could precisely control the dosage and reduce drug waste. This study demonstrated the potential of inkjet printing technology in the manufacturing of personalized microneedle array patches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Greta Camilla Magnano, Marika Quadri, Elisabetta Palazzo, Roberta Lotti, Francesca Loschi, Stefano Dall'Acqua, Michela Abrami, Francesca Larese Filon, Alessandra Marconi, Dritan Hasa
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the loading of sildenafil citrate in three commercial transdermal vehicles using 3D full-thickness skin equivalent and compare the results with permeability experiments using porcine skin. The results showed that the results obtained using the 3D skin equivalent were comparable to those obtained using porcine skin, suggesting that the 3D skin model can be a valid alternative for ex-vivo skin absorption experiments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2024)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
James W. Mckeage, Andrew Z. H. Tan, Andrew J. Taberner
Summary: Needle-free jet injection is a promising alternative drug delivery technique that offers rapid, non-invasive, and large-volume injections. The study presents a prototype multi-orifice nozzle and a computational fluid dynamic model to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this technology.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2024)