期刊
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
卷 418, 期 -, 页码 27-32出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.02.017
关键词
GLP-1; Glucagon-like peptide-1; GLP-1R; Glucose; Brain; Insulin sensitivity
资金
- NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK020572, R01 DK082480] Funding Source: Medline
Type 2 diabetes is often treated with a class of drugs referred to as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs. GLP-1 is a peptide secreted by the gut that acts through only one known receptor, the GLP-1 receptor. The primary function of GLP-1 is thought to be lowering of postprandial glucose levels. Indeed, medications utilizing this system, including the long-acting GLP-1 analogs liraglutide and exenatide, are beneficial in reducing both blood sugars and body weight. GLP-1 analogs were long presumed to affect glucose control through their ability to increase insulin levels through peripheral action on beta cells. However, multiple lines of data point to the ability of GLP-1 to act within the brain to alter glucose regulation. In this review we will discuss the evidence for a central GLP-1 system and the effects of GLP-1 in the brain on regulating multiple facets of glucose homeostasis including glucose tolerance, insulin production, insulin sensitivity, hepatic glucose production, muscle glucose uptake, and connections of the central GLP-1 system to the gut. Although the evidence indicates that GLP-1 receptors in the brain are not necessary for physiologic control of glucose regulation, we discuss the research showing a strong effect of acute manipulation of the central GLP-1 system on glucose control and how it is relevant to type 2 diabetic patients. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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