Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriel Robert, J. Richard Wagner, Jean Cadet
Summary: Molecular oxygen sensitizes DNA to damage induced by ionizing radiation and other free radical-mediated reactions. It converts carbon-centered radicals within DNA into peroxyl radicals, leading to the formation of oxidized products and strand breaks. Reactive peroxyl radicals can also propagate damage to neighboring components in DNA strands, causing tandem or double lesions. This review highlights the formation and biological implications of oxidatively generated DNA tandem lesions.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Arijit Chakraborty, Soma Ghosh, Bratisha Biswas, Sreemanta Pramanik, Jerome Nriagu, Subhamoy Bhowmick
Summary: Arsenic exposure can cause harmful epigenetic alterations, leading to various health complications. This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced epigenetic changes and proposes therapeutic strategies to alleviate the global burden of arsenic poisoning.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Owen Davis Sanders, Lekshmy Rajagopal, Jayalekshmi Archa Rajagopal
Summary: The amyloid-beta oligomer hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease remains dominant in the field, but clinical trial evidence does not strongly support it. To rescue the hypothesis, researchers propose a new ad-hoc hypothesis suggesting that the vulnerable hippocampus may produce A beta peptides even in healthy aging individuals, and DNA damage, pathogens, and metal ions may drive A beta peptide aggregation and contribute to neurodegeneration in AD.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Kajal Samantara, Aalok Shiv, Lorenna Lopes de Sousa, Karansher Singh Sandhu, Parichita Priyadarshini, Sourav Ranjan Mohapatra
Summary: Epigenetics is an important mechanism that can help plants cope with various stressors by altering gene expression without involving changes in DNA sequences. It provides diversity to aid plants in responding to the impacts of climate change.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tao Li, Huihui Wang, Yaxin Zhang, Huiyuan Wang, Zeyu Zhang, Xuqing Liu, Zekun Zhang, Kai Liu, Deming Yang, Hangxiao Zhang, Lianfeng Gu
Summary: This study examines the cellular processes and epigenetic mechanisms underlying the fast growth of Moso bamboo shoots. The results show that internode cells elongate and lignin biosynthesis and GT43 gene expression are upregulated with shoot height. Additionally, differences in N-6-methyladenine (m(6)A) modification rate, DNA methylation levels, and poly(A) tail lengths are observed between shoots of different heights. The findings provide valuable insights into the post-transcriptional regulations responsible for the fast growth of Moso bamboo shoots.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chunyan Ao, Lin Gao, Liang Yu
Summary: This review provides a systematic summary of DNA methylation and its relationship with related diseases, including DNA methylation databases, prediction tools, and machine learning algorithms. A deep understanding of DNA methylation mechanisms can contribute to accurate prediction and treatment of related diseases.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Fanni, Clara Gerosa, Valeria Marina Nurchi, Rosita Cappai, Marta Mureddu, Peter Van Eyken, Luca Saba, Mirko Manchia, Gavino Faa
Summary: Wilson's disease is a congenital disorder of copper metabolism with unknown pathogenesis. Individuals with the same genotype may exhibit different clinical presentations, potentially due to the inability to correlate mutation types in the ATP7B gene with phenotypic manifestations.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qinrui Fu, Jiamin Ye, Juejun Wang, Naishun Liao, Hongjuan Feng, Lichao Su, Xiaoguang Ge, Huanghao Yang, Jibin Song
Summary: The NIR-II ratiometric PA detection method is simple and noninvasive, allowing for fast and accurate detection of copper content while avoiding the need for complex procedures. Using the ratiometric PA nanoprobe, both in vitro and in vivo Cu2+ quantitative detection and liver Cu2+ content measurement can be achieved.
Article
Cell Biology
Rui Gao, Shiyang Zeng, Dongxu Yang, Xiaocui Li, Wenqiang Liu, Yawei Gao, Dandan Bai, Linfeng Zhang, Chuan Chen, Yunzhe Kang, Beiying Wang, Wei Hong, Mingzhu Wang, Jiqing Yin, Hong Wang, Qiaolin Deng, Shaorong Gao, Yong Zhang, Jiayu Chen
Summary: Histone modifications play critical roles in regulating gene expression during early embryo development. This study provides the first genome-wide profiles of three key histone modifications in human primordial germ cells, revealing the positive correlation between H3K4me3 and gene expression, as well as the important roles of H3K27me3 in regulating specific promoters and X chromosome reactivation. The repressive marks of H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 jointly regulate demethylation-resistant regions in hPGCs.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Carolin Czauderna, Alicia Poplawski, Colm J. O'Rourke, Darko Castven, Benjamin Perez-Aguilar, Diana Becker, Stephanie Heilmann-Heimbach, Margarete Odenthal, Wafa Amer, Marcel Schmiel, Uta Drebber, Harald Binder, Dirk A. Ridder, Mario Schindeldecker, Beate K. Straub, Peter R. Galle, Jesper B. Andersen, Snorri S. Thorgeirsson, Young Nyun Park, Jens U. Marquardt
Summary: The study revealed epigenetic alterations at different stages of primary liver cancer through genome-wide methylome and transcriptome analyses. Integrative molecular changes were identified, involving apoptosis, immune regulation, and stemness pathways in early HCC, while late changes focused on cell survival, proliferation, and invasion. The findings provide potential therapeutic targets for novel approaches in treating liver cancer.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Melanie Kah, Linda J. Johnston, Rai S. Kookana, Wendy Bruce, Andrea Haase, Vera Ritz, Jordan Dinglasan, Shareen Doak, Hemda Garelick, Vladimir Gubala
Summary: Nanopesticides are advancing in research and development and appearing on the market, prompting the need for a comprehensive framework and guidance for human health risk assessments. The study suggests adapting existing pesticide frameworks, identifying relevant nanopesticide entities and their concentrations, and addressing additional data requirements based on the nature of the nanopesticides. The tiered approach proposed in the framework aims to support regulators and industry in making informed decisions on nanopesticide submissions.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Dan Zhang, Jifa Zhang, Yuxi Wang, Guan Wang, Pan Tang, Yun Liu, Yiwen Zhang, Liang Ouyang
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifactorial disease caused by a complex interplay between genetic and epigenetic factors. Recent studies have revealed the epigenetic mechanisms involved in PD, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA (miRNA) regulation. Epigenetic regulators could be potential therapeutic targets in neurodegenerative disorders. This review summarizes the mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in PD and discusses the use of inhibitors and activators of these regulators, as well as the neuroprotective effects of small molecule epigenetic modulators. Additionally, the contribution of miRNAs to the underlying mechanisms of PD and miRNA-based therapies are also discussed.
MEDICINAL RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shuo Li, Weihua Zeng, Xiaohui Ni, Qiao Liu, Wenyuan Li, Mary L. Stackpole, Yonggang Zhou, Arjan Gower, Kostyantyn Krysan, Preeti Ahuja, David S. Lu, Steven S. Raman, William Hsu, Denise R. Aberle, Clara E. Magyar, Samuel W. French, Steven -Huy B. Han, Edward B. Garon, Vatche G. Agopian, Wing Hung Wong, Steven M. Dubinett, Xianghong Jasmine Zhoua
Summary: Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a noninvasive biomarker that can be used to detect abnormal cell death due to diseases. By establishing a comprehensive tissue methylation atlas and utilizing the cfSort deep-learning model, the performance of tissue deconvolution in cfDNA can be significantly improved, enabling disease detection and longitudinal treatment monitoring.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Leo Gochi, Yosuke Kawai, Akihiro Fujimoto
Summary: This study analyzed a large amount of human genome sequencing data using MS calling software and identified a significant number of polymorphic MS. The study also revealed population structures and identified potential markers for individual identification. This research holds great importance for human population studies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah A. Bowden, Euan J. Rodger, Aniruddha Chatterjee, Michael R. Eccles, Cherie Stayner
Summary: ADPKD is a heritable renal disease caused by uncontrolled cyst growth in the kidneys, leading to end-stage kidney disease, with limited therapeutic options available. Due to similarities with neoplasia, research suggests that ADPKD kidneys may have alterations in their epigenetic landscape.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)