Article
Neurosciences
Thomas Akam, Ines Rodrigues-Vaz, Ivo Marcelo, Xiangyu Zhang, Michael Pereira, Rodrigo Freire Oliveira, Peter Dayan, Rui M. Costa
Summary: Behavioral control consists of parallel systems, model based and model free, and the anterior cingulate cortex plays a critical role in predicting actions and their consequences. ACC represents the complete state space of a task and is necessary for updating model-based strategies.
Article
Biology
Eun Ju Shin, Yunsil Jang, Soyoun Kim, Hoseok Kim, Xinying Cai, Hyunjung Lee, Jung Hoon Sul, Sung-Hyun Lee, Yeonseung Chung, Daeyeol Lee, Min Whan Jung
Summary: Studies in rats, monkeys, and humans have found action-value signals encoded in various brain regions, which bias choices towards higher expected rewards. Statistical tests on neural activity in the striatum, frontal cortex, and hippocampus show that previously identified action-value signals cannot be solely explained by serial correlations or activity related to other decision variables. Additionally, it was found that neural activity related to action value is intertwined with signals related to other decision variables.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Mottarlini, Marco Fumagalli, Fernando Castillo-Diaz, Stefano Piazza, Giorgia Targa, Enrico Sangiovanni, Barbara Pacchetti, Mikael H. Sodergren, Mario Dell'Agli, Fabio Fumagalli, Lucia Caffino
Summary: CBD can be found in the rat brain, specifically in the medial prefrontal cortex, and has a dose-dependent modulation of BDNF, suggesting its potential therapeutic value in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Atsumi Nitta, Naotaka Izuo, Kohei Hamatani, Ryo Inagaki, Yuka Kusui, Kequan Fu, Takashi Asano, Youta Torii, Chikako Habuchi, Hirotaka Sekiguchi, Shuji Iritani, Shin-ichi Muramatsu, Norio Ozaki, Yoshiaki Miyamoto
Summary: Suppressing Piccolo in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice leads to a reduction in synaptic proteins, electrophysiological impairments, and abnormal behaviors resembling those seen in schizophrenia.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Shunmin Zhang, Tom Verguts, Chenyan Zhang, Pan Feng, Qi Chen, Tingyong Feng
Summary: The study suggests that the human brain might involve separate neural pathways to regulate the impact of outcome value and task aversiveness on procrastination. Outcome value suppresses procrastination through a hippocampus-caudate pathway, while task aversiveness increases procrastination via an amygdala-insula pathway.
Article
Neurosciences
Yarden Cohen, Elad Schneidman, Rony Paz
Summary: The study found that neurons in the cingulate cortex mainly rotated towards the rule, while neurons in the putamen showed an increase in magnitude, indicating strengthening of confidence for the newly acquired rule-based policy. Additionally, neural representation at the end of a session predicted next-day behavior, reflecting overnight retention. The novel framework for characterization of neural dynamics suggests complementary roles for the putamen and the anterior cingulate cortex.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Zhenhong He, Xiang Ao, Nils Muhlert, Rebecca Elliott, Dandan Zhang
Summary: This study found differences in behavioral and brain responses to social feedback between individuals with subthreshold depression and healthy controls. Individuals with subthreshold depression had lower expectations for positive feedback and showed reduced activation in the medial prefrontal cortex when expecting positive feedback. They also exhibited increased dorsal anterior cingulate cortex activity after receipt of unexpected social rejection and reduced ventral striatum activity after receipt of unexpected social acceptance.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Adrienne C. Loewke, Adelaide R. Minerva, Alexandra B. Nelson, Anatol C. Kreitzer, Lisa A. Gunaydin
Summary: The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) plays a key role in controlling defensive behavior through specific top-down projections. The dmPFC-amygdala projection is involved in reflexive fear behavior, while the dmPFC-striatum projection regulates anxious avoidance behavior. These findings provide important insights into the neural mechanisms underlying anxiety disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Karly M. Turner, Anna Svegborn, Mia Langguth, Colin McKenzie, Trevor W. Robbins
Summary: This study reveals a functional opposition between the dorsomedial and dorsolateral striatum during skill and habit formation. Loss of function in the dorsomedial striatum accelerates sequence acquisition, while loss of function in the dorsolateral striatum impedes it. The mPFC is not involved, but the lateral orbitofrontal cortex plays a critical role.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Manza, Dardo Tomasi, Ehsan Shokri-Kojori, Rui Zhang, Danielle Kroll, Dana Feldman, Katherine Mcpherson, Catherine Biesecker, Evan Dennis, Allison Johnson, Kai Yuan, Wen-Tung Wang, Michele-Vera Yonga, Gene-Jack Wang, Nora D. Volkow
Summary: Using simultaneous PET-fMRI, this study reveals a neural circuit in humans that responds to fast dopamine increases caused by intravenous delivery of methylphenidate. The circuit involves the dorsolateral anterior cingulate cortex, insula, and their connections with the dorsal caudate, and it is associated with the subjective experience of 'high' from the drug. The findings highlight the importance of the salience network in drug reward.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Edmund T. Rolls, Gustavo Deco, Chu-Chung Huang, Jianfeng Feng
Summary: This study used the multimodal parcellation atlas of the Human Connectome Project (HCP) to measure the effective connectivity, functional connectivity, and tractography between 57 cortical frontal and somatosensory regions and the 360 cortical regions. The results showed that the ventral somatosensory stream and the dorsal action somatosensory stream have different connections with other brain regions, indicating their involvement in different cognitive functions.
Review
Neurosciences
Bruno Averbeck, John P. O'Doherty
Summary: This article reviews the current state of knowledge on the computational and neural mechanisms of reinforcement learning, with a focus on fronto-striatal circuits. Five broad research themes are identified, including learning targets, algorithms driving learning and inference, value conversion into choices and actions, state representations, and brain control over reinforcement learning subsystems. The authors argue that bridging algorithmic level descriptions to implementation level models is essential to better understand how reinforcement learning emerges from multiple distributed neural networks in the brain.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Hannah A. Nonoguchi, Timothy Wee Shang Kouo, Sandhya Kortagere, Joshua Hillman, David L. Boyle, Chitra D. Mandyam
Summary: Humans and rodents have sexually dimorphic immune responses. This study found that the inflammatory response to LPS and the associated BBB disruption differed between male and female adult rats. Sex differences were observed in plasma and brain levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as expression of tight junction proteins. The findings highlight the importance of considering sex differences in immune responses when studying inflammatory conditions and BBB dysfunction.
Article
Neurosciences
Adrienne N. Santiago, Emily A. Makowicz, Muzi Du, Chiye Aoki
Summary: Chemogenetic activation of a specific subset of pyramidal cells in the mPFC to DS pathway drives running behavior specifically during periods of limited food availability, leading to a causal role of this pathway in the decision to run during food scarcity. Suppression of these cells reduces running response to food restriction, with distinct characteristics observed in mPFC-to-DS cells compared to neighboring non-DS-projecting cells. These findings suggest a potential role for enhancing PFC-to-DS activity in influencing neural circuits under food restriction conditions.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ramon Bartolo, Bruno Averbeck
Summary: Organisms have evolved to take advantage of environmental regularities, allowing them to acquire a model of the world and make decisions and adjust behavior efficiently under uncertainty. Recent research has focused on various aspects of model-based inference and its neural underpinnings.
CURRENT OPINION IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Psychology
Ivan E. de Araujo, Mark Schatzker, Dana M. Small
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PSYCHOLOGY, VOL 71
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Jelle R. Dalenberg, Barkha P. Patel, Raphael Denis, Maria G. Veldhuizen, Yuko Nakamura, Petra C. Vinke, Serge Luquet, Dana M. Small
Article
Cell Biology
Chloe Berland, Enrica Montalban, Elodie Perrin, Mathieu Di Miceli, Yuko Nakamura, Maud Martinat, Mary Sullivan, Xue S. Davis, Mohammad Ali Shenasa, Claire Martin, Stefania Tolu, Fabio Marti, Stephanie Caille, Julien Castel, Sylvie Perez, Casper Gravesen Salinas, Chloe Morel, Jacob Hecksher-Sorensen, Martine Cador, Xavier Fioramonti, Matthias H. Tschoep, Sophie Laye, Laurent Venance, Philippe Faure, Thomas S. Hnasko, Dana M. Small, Giuseppe Gangarossa, Serge H. Luquet
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kathryn M. Wall, Michael C. Farruggia, Emily E. Perszyk, Arsene Kanyamibwa, Sophie Fromm, Xue S. Davis, Jelle R. Dalenberg, Alexandra G. DiFeliceantonio, Dana M. Small
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Jennifer R. Sadler, Grace E. Shearrer, Nichollette T. Acosta, Afroditi Papantoni, Jessica R. Cohen, Dana M. Small, Soyoung Q. Park, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Kyle S. Burger
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2020)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hubert Preissl, Dana Small, Stephanie Kullmann
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andreas Vosseler, Dongxing Zhao, Louise Fritsche, Rainer Lehmann, Konstantinos Kantartzis, Dana M. Small, Andreas Peter, Hans-Ulrich Haering, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Andreas Fritsche, Robert Wagner, Hubert Preissl, Stephanie Kullmann, Martin Heni
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Letter
Cell Biology
Jelle R. Dalenberg, Raphael Denis, Serge Luquet, Dana M. Small
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julian J. Weiss, Tuki N. Attuquayefio, Elizabeth B. White, Fangyong Li, Rachel S. Herz, Theresa L. White, Melissa Campbell, Bertie Geng, Rupak Datta, Anne L. Wyllie, Nathan D. Grubaugh, Arnau Casanovas-Massana, M. Catherine Muenker, Adam J. Moore, Ryan Handoko, Akiko Iwasaki, Richard A. Martinello, Albert Ko, Dana M. Small, Shelli F. Farhadian
Summary: This study found that tracking smell sensitivity and loss in healthcare workers can predict SARS-CoV-2 infection, with smell loss often preceding a positive test and being associated with neurological symptoms.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert Pellegrino, Michael C. Farruggia, Dana M. Small, Maria G. Veldhuizen
Summary: The study found that besides changes in the olfactory cortex after head trauma, other cortical areas play a significant role in olfactory impairment. The neural responses and connectivity in higher-order areas have complex relationships with olfactory perceptual function, which can help distinguish functional anosmia from normosmia.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Sophie Fromm, Emily E. Perszyk, Arsene Kanyamibwa, Kathryn M. Wall, Zach Hutelin, Jessica Trinh, Xue S. Davis, Barry G. Green, Kyle D. Flack, Alexandra DiFeliceantonio, Dana M. Small
Summary: The study aimed to develop a new picture set called MacroPics to investigate the effects of different macronutrients on food choice and eating behavior. Results showed that participants' ratings of food items from different macronutrient categories in terms of liking, familiarity, healthiness, etc. were similar, with higher protein content in fatty foods leading to higher estimated satiety and energy density.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emily E. Perszyk, Zach Hutelin, Jessica Trinh, Arsene Kanyamibwa, Sophie Fromm, Xue S. Davis, Kathryn M. Wall, Kyle D. Flack, Alexandra G. DiFeliceantonio, Dana M. Small
Summary: This study aimed to replicate previous findings that individuals with healthy weight bid the most for combo foods, but this effect was not seen in those with overweight/obesity. Additionally, contrary to previous reports, there was a negative relationship between the actual energy density of snacks and bid amount, which was mediated by food price. These findings suggest altered macronutrient reinforcement in obesity and highlight potential influences of the food environment on food reward regulation.
Correction
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kimberlee D'Ardenne, Cary R. Savage, Dana Small, Uku Vainik, Luke E. Stoeckel
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kimberlee D'Ardenne, Cary R. Savage, Dana Small, Uku Vainik, Luke E. Stoeckel
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2020)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stephanie Kullmann, Andre Kleinridders, Dana M. Small, Andreas Fritsche, Hans-Ulrich Haering, Hubert Preissl, Martin Heni
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2020)