Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Manis Kumar Jha, Pankaj Kumar Choubey, Om Shankar Dinkar, Rekha Panda, Rajesh Kumar Jyothi, Kyoungkeun Yoo, Ilhwan Park
Summary: A feasible hydrometallurgical process for the recovery of rare earth metals (REMs) and valuable metals from spent NiMH batteries has been developed. The process involves dissolution of REMs using sulfuric acid, selective extraction of REMs using PC88A, and selective precipitation of La. The developed process shows potential for industrial exploitation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ghazaleh Shakiba, Roozbeh Saneie, Hadi Abdollahi, Ehsan Ebrahimi, Ali Rezaei, Mohsen Mohammadkhani
Summary: In this paper, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were applied as a green replacement for conventional solvents in the leaching process of REEs from monazite. The DES comprised of 2ChCl:1PTSA exhibited the highest extraction efficiency.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Guilhem Arrachart, Julien Couturier, Sandrine Dourdain, Clement Levard, Stephane Pellet-Rostaing
Summary: Rare earth elements play crucial roles in advanced technologies, making the development of optimized processes for their recovery necessary. Ionic solvents, including ionic liquids and deep-eutectic solvents, have attracted much attention as an alternative to conventional processes for metal recovery. Significant studies in the last decade regarding the recovery of REEs are presented in this review.
Article
Energy & Fuels
A. S. M. Sazzad Parveg, Ramin Ordikhani-Seyedlar, Tejasvi Sharma, Scott K. K. Shaw, Albert Ratner
Summary: This manuscript investigates an improvised gasification process for capturing and recycling rare earth metals (REMs) from consumer and industrial electronic wastes, often termed e-waste. The proposed procedure is based on the formation of coalesced and aggregated metal nodules on biochar surfaces through the gasification of e-waste mixed with gasifier feedstocks. Preliminary understanding of metal nodule formation based on different atmospheric conditions was examined using iron powder mixed with corn. Metal nodule sizes, morphology, and composition were analyzed and compared via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) techniques. Sintering was identified as the key mechanism responsible for metal nodule growth, and the addition of NaCl salt was found to enhance the formation of spherical metal nodules.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Harry Watts, Tonya Fisher
Summary: Monazite is a poorly soluble rare earth phosphate mineral that is difficult to break down in industry processes using concentrated sulphuric acid or caustic soda. A new method has been developed for a direct and rapid breakdown of monazite through simple dissolution under milder conditions, avoiding the use of strong acids/bases and reducing the risk of dust exposure from fine grinding particles.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kuifang Zhang, Bohan Wei, Jinzhang Tao, Xiaocong Zhong, Wei Zhu, Ruixiang Wang, Zhiqiang Liu
Summary: A novel method for the recovery of rare earth elements from deep-sea mud is proposed in this study. The optimized leaching conditions achieved high extraction percentages of REEs, and the subsequent separation and purification process successfully recovered a significant amount of REEs as highly enriched oxide.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Arina V. Kozhevnikova, Inna V. Zinov'eva, Nikita A. Milevskii, Yulia A. Zakhodyaeva, Andrey A. Voshkin
Summary: A new hydrophobic bifunctional ionic liquid based on tri-n-octylamine and octanoic acid was synthesized and characterized. The extraction of rare earth elements from aqueous solutions using this ionic liquid was studied. The results showed that the ionic liquid can efficiently extract the rare earth elements and has excellent reusability.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
James Vaughan, Kate Tungpalan, Anita Parbhakar-Fox, Weng Fu, Emma J. Gagen, Philip Nti Nkrumah, Gordon Southam, Antony van der Ent, Peter D. Erskine, Paul Gow, Rick Valenta
Summary: This article explores the increasing demand for rare earth elements in modern high-tech components and the potential benefits of reprocessing uranium mine tailings. It describes the geology, historical processing methods, and characteristics of the tailings material at the Mary Kathleen uranium mine. Additionally, it reviews conventional and alternative rare earth element processing options.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Liqing Li, Chenhao Liu, Hepeng Zhang, Bin Huang, Bing Luo, Chao Bie, Xiaoqi Sun
Summary: This study successfully achieved impurities removal and enrichment of rare earth elements in ion-adsorbed type rare earth ore by using specific materials. The method reduces the loss rate of rare earth elements and improves product purity, while also benefiting environmental protection and resource recycling.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Truong Dinh, Zsolt Dobo, Helga Kovacs
Summary: The increasing demand for rare earth elements in modern industry has led to a surge in mining activities and the release of these metals into the environment. Phytomining, as an environmentally-friendly technique, can extract rare earth elements from contaminated soils where traditional mining is not competitive.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Aiman Shahbaz
Summary: This review summarizes the global demand for rare earth metals, extraction methods, and recycling techniques, while discussing the challenges and sustainable approaches.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yu Deng, Yigang Ding, Zhong Huang, Ying Yu, Jun He, Yi Zhang
Summary: Two novel carboxylic acid based ionic liquids were synthesized and studied for the extraction of yttrium (Y(III)) and mixed rare earth elements (REEs). One IL showed higher extraction efficiency for Y(III) while the other demonstrated better selective separation behavior for mixed REEs, avoiding saponification procedures and resulting wastewater.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sabrina F. Lutke, Marcos L. S. Oliveira, Samuel R. Waechter, Luis F. O. Silva, Tito R. S. Cadaval, Fabio A. Duarte, Guilherme L. Dotto
Summary: This study investigates the leaching conditions and mechanisms of rare earth elements (REE) from phosphogypsum (PG). Through experimental design and optimization, high leaching efficiency values were obtained using sulfuric acid at a concentration of 2.9 mol L-1, a solid/liquid ratio of 1.7/20 g mL(-1), and a temperature of 55 C. The leaching kinetics results indicated that most REE reached equilibrium in about 20 minutes, and the mechanism investigation suggested that surface chemical reaction and diffusion through the boundary layer controlled the leaching process.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
S. M. Masloboeva, L. G. Arutyunyan, M. N. Palatnikov, D. V. Manukovskaya
Summary: High recovery rates of tantalum and niobium were achieved by leaching a plumbomicrolite concentrate with mixtures of HF and H2SO4, HF and HNO3 acids. The use of fluoride-sulfuric acid and fluoride-nitric acid schemes, along with extractive separation techniques, led to the production of high-purity tantalum compounds that meet impurity content standards. The profitability of the processing scheme ultimately determines the final choice for PMC treatment.
JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY
(2021)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Yu Deng, Yi Zhang, Yigang Ding
Summary: A new ionic liquid was developed to extract rare earth elements and separate Sm(III) from spent SmCo magnets. Higher extraction of La(III) was observed in acetate medium. The ionic liquid showed excellent reusability in the industrial separation-stripping cycles.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Youngeun Kim, Jaesoo Lim, Jaehyung Yu, Sujeong Park, Jin-Young Lee, Sei-Sun Hong, Gyujun Park
Summary: Radiocarbon dating was used to analyze sediment cores from the wetland of the Muljangori volcanic cone on Jeju Island, South Korea, revealing that plant fragments were consistently younger than humic acid samples and showed a long-term change in age difference over the past 8000 years. The study suggests that the trend in age difference may be influenced by long-term climate change, as indicated by carbon/nitrogen ratios and total organic carbon isotope values of the sediments.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hoil Lee, Jin-Young Lee, Seungwon Shin
Summary: This study investigated sedimentary changes in Deukryang Bay on the southwest coast of Korea in response to sea level changes during the Holocene period. The hydrological and climate changes during the mid-Holocene were influenced by El Nino and La Nina conditions, as well as the weakening of the East Asian Summer Monsoon and changes in sea surface temperature of the Western Pacific Ocean. The study suggests that freshwater input events at 4000-3000 cal yr BP were related to the weakening EASM on the southwest coast of Korea.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hoil Lee, Jin-Young Lee, Jaesoo Lim
Summary: This study in Yeosu, Korea, analyzed past hydrologic behavior by examining sediment grain size variability, revealing different sedimentary sequences and linking grain size changes to freshwater input fluctuations. The long-term variations were similar to Asian summer monsoon fluctuations and correlated with past El Nino-Southern Oscillation activity, showing intensified freshwater input during stronger ENSO periods. Severe rainfall events characterized by sand layers were identified as isochronous sedimentary layers on the southern coast of Korea.
GEOSCIENCES JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Pyeong-Koo Lee, Jaesoo Lim, Youn-Joong Jeong, Seho Hwang, Jin-Young Lee, Byoung-Young Choi
Summary: This study assessed metal(loid) pollution in Gunsan Reservoir, South Korea, over the last century by analyzing metal(loid) concentrations, Pb isotope ratios, and 210Pb dating of sediments. It was found that contributions of Cu smelting and Asian dust influx to pollution varied over time, highlighting the importance of understanding changes in pollution sources for environmental management.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Kota Katsuki, Jaesoo Lim, Jin-Young Lee
Summary: This study examines the relationship between tidal levels and diatom assemblage and grain size distributions in sediments of Jujin Stream, a tributary of Gomso Bay in Western Korea. The results show clear gaps in diatom and grain size distributions between tidal, fluvio-tidal transition, and freshwater zones. Combining diatom and grain size data can provide accurate paleo sea-level information for strongly tidal areas.
ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Geology
Jin-Young Lee, Young Wook Cheong, Sang-Woo Ji, Dong-Gil Lee
Summary: Solid stone dust or sludge is generated as a by-product when crushing rocks to produce aggregates, and these by-products are usually classified as waste and disposed of in landfills. However, if a technology can be developed to utilize the physical or chemical properties of these by-products, economic and environmental benefits can be achieved.
ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geology
Jin Cheul Kim, Ju Yong Kim, Jin-Young Lee
Summary: The study focuses on the sand layer distribution and aggregate resources in Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, mainly within Quaternary sedimentary environments of alluvial and river sedimentation. The research reveals the impact of intruding meandering rivers on aggregate distribution characteristics, where certain areas have lower resource distribution but correspond to river floodplains.
ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Geology
Seungyeoun Cho, Gil-Jae Yim, Jin Young Lee, Sangwoo Ji
Summary: Housing prices in metropolitan areas of the UK and Australia are increasing, leading their governments to utilize urban planning systems to develop housing in quarry sites near cities. The development plans include public facilities and affordable housing for local communities, with a focus on sustainable and eco-friendly development for future generations.
ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geology
Hoil Lee, Uk Hwan Byun, Kyoungtae Ko, Seung-Jun Youm, Sangwoo Ji, Hwanju Jo, Seungwon Shin, Jin-Young Lee
Summary: Aggregate is a crucial construction material with increasing demand each year. Different regions have varying properties of aggregate, making long-distance supply difficult. Since 1993, regional aggregate resource surveys have been conducted in Korea to stabilize supply and demand. In 2020, a survey in Goyang City revealed ample reserves of deep aggregates, with characteristics closely related to the Han River's activities.
ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Archaeology
Seungwon Shin, Yong-Hee Park, Jaesoo Lim, Daekyo Cheong, Seung-Yup Choi, Jeong-Heon Choi, Chang-Pyo Jun, Hyoun Soo Lim, Jin-Young Lee
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between the location of Paleolithic sites in Korea and past climate change. The findings suggest that climate conditions are essential in the development of Paleolithic cultural layers.
GEOARCHAEOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Geology
Byoung-Woon You, Jin-Young Lee, Dong-kil Lee, Young-Wook Cheong
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of weathering on the particle size distribution and amount of fine particles generated during the crushing of igneous rock. The results showed that higher weathering degrees led to a smaller particle size distribution and an increased proportion of fine particles.
ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jin-Young Lee, Seungwon Shin, Hyun Ho Yoon, Jin Cheul Kim, Yire Choi, Wook-Hyun Nahm, Heejung Kim
Summary: In this study, the researchers analyzed a sediment core from the Hapcheon Basin to investigate the sedimentary facies and the history of the Hapcheon impact crater. The results showed that the impact crater was filled with sediments from the surrounding mountains after the meteorite impact, and the basin transitioned from a lake environment to an alluvial fan setting. The sediment cores also contain important information about volcanic and seismic events on the Korean Peninsula over the past 1.3 million years.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geology
Sei Sun Hong, Jin Young Lee
Summary: The purpose of this study is to understand the annual production of aggregates and the prospects of supply and demand. In 2021, a total of 135 million m3 of aggregates was produced in Korea, slightly higher than the total production in 2020. Among these, about 47 million m3 of sand and 88 million m3 of gravel were produced. About 46% of the total quantity of aggregates were produced with permission and the rest were produced after declaration.
ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geology
Gil-Jae Yim, Jeong-Yun Jang, Dong-Wan Cho, Sangwoo Ji, Young Wook Cheong, Sei-Sun Hong, Jin-Young Lee
Summary: In Korea, aggregate collection in various areas may lead to Acid Rock Drainage (ARD) if the development site contains sulfide minerals, potentially causing environmental pollution. Study on forest aggregate samples showed that most samples have acid-forming potential, with some classified as potential acid-generating samples. Proper management of these forest aggregates is necessary to prevent economic losses and environmental pollution in the future.
ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Correction
Geology
Sei Sun Hong, Choon Oh Lee, Jaesoo Lim, Jin Young Lee, Ung San Ahn
ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Benjamin De Castro, Mostafa Benzaazoua, Soumali Roychowdhury, Aurelie Chopard, Francis Quintal Lauzon, Benoit Plante
Summary: This study proposes an innovative method using deep learning algorithm and reflected light optical imaging to automatically detect all particles and minerals in acrylic resin polished sections. The experimental results show that this method can accurately detect all mineral particles, including transparent minerals, under reflected light optical microscopy, and provide unbiased mineralogical quantification.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qiushi Song, Xinyu Du, Changlu Shan, Hongwei Xie, Zhiqiang Ning, Kai Yu
Summary: This study investigated the effect of magnetic stirring on the microstructure of Co deposits during electrowinning in a chloride solution. It was found that magnetic stirring effectively reduced the negative influence of H2 bubbles on the structure of Co deposits and changed their nucleation and growth behavior, resulting in the preparation of high-quality columnar Co crystals.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tao Ge, Xiaowei Zhou, Liang Xu, Yan Sun, Cheng Yang, Yongpan Tian, Zhuo Zhao
Summary: In this study, the extraction performance and complexation mechanism of p-di-ethyl-amino-methylthiacalix[4]arene (L) towards Pt(IV) were investigated. The results indicated that L had excellent complexation ability towards Pt(IV) and could selectively extract it from a solution containing multiple competing ions.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yuan Li, Dirk van Zyl
Summary: This paper presents a modified Kynch's approach to explain the hindered settling behavior of suspensions impacted by segregation. The experimental data and predicted results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yi Fang, Aurora Robledo-Cabrera, Changsheng Peng, Shan Huang, Qi Xiao, Alejandro Lopez-Valdivieso
Summary: With the assistance of mechanical ball milling, the partially oxidized micro-sponge iron (micro-Fe0@Fe2O3) achieves significantly improved removal of Cr(VI) across a broad pH range. Mechanical force eliminates the surface oxide layer and exposes the Fe0 core, leading to sustained reduction of Cr(VI). The efficiency of micro-Fe0@Fe2O3 is strongly influenced by dissolved oxygen, with higher DO resulting in the generation of stable reductant Fe(II) under acidic conditions, while DO consumption hinders the reduction of Cr(VI) under alkaline conditions due to increased pH. Parameters of ball milling operation, especially rotation speed, have a significant impact on the removal of Cr(VI).
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alton F. Grabsch, Phillip D. Fawell, Michael G. Davies
Summary: High molecular weight partially hydrolysed polyacrylamide (PHPA) is commonly used in mineral exploration drilling to increase fluid viscosity and help maintain the suspension of fine particles. However, clarifying these suspensions can be difficult, and previous studies have found that anionic flocculants are ineffective. This study confirmed that nonionic flocculants can successfully aggregate the particles, indicating that the charged tails of adsorbed PHPA prevent anionic flocculants from accessing the particle surfaces.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
J. S. Guiral-Vega, L. Perez-Barnuevo, J. Bouchard, A. Ure, E. Poulin, C. Du Breuil
Summary: This paper introduces an approach that combines particle properties and process modeling to describe the behavior of iron ore in a laboratory-scale drum-type magnetic separator. Early information on iron ore processing behavior can be obtained through laboratory testing, automated mineralogy analysis, and process modeling.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Sayed Janishar Anzoom, Ghislain Bournival, Seher Ata
Summary: This review discusses the benefits and challenges of coarse particle flotation, as well as recent developments in improving the process. Coarse particle flotation has various applications and offers advantages in technical, economic, and sustainability aspects. However, it also faces challenges such as particle detachment, transfer between phases, and persistence in the froth phase. Technological advancements, such as fluidized-bed flotation and processes enhancing bubble-particle attachment, have shown promising results in efficiently recovering larger particles.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yimei Xiao, Jinchan Feng, Bingqiao Yang, Huihua Luo, Fang Zhou
Summary: In this study, the use of fulvic acid as a depressant for the flotation separation of chalcopyrite from arsenopyrite was investigated. It was found that fulvic acid strongly depressed arsenopyrite while having little influence on chalcopyrite flotation. The addition of calcium hypochlorite facilitated the adsorption of fulvic acid on arsenopyrite surface.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Bo Hao, Minqiang Fan
Summary: Particle-bubble attachment is crucial in coal and mineral flotation processes. In this study, the attachment process of low-rank coal particles to the bubble surface was simulated, revealing the important role of water film rupture in particle attachment.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuwei Wu, Shuai Wang, Guoqiang Wang, Longfei Fan, Jianbo Guo, Zhengbin Liu, Haoyan Zhang, Wei Guan, Yukuan Wang, Yewei Wu
Summary: This study analyzes the motion mode of eccentric roller crushers and proposes a calculation method for productivity. Through laboratory experiments, the results indicate that the proposed method can effectively estimate the productivity of eccentric roll crushers.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hanna Miettinen, Malin Bomberg, Ozlem Bicak, Zafir Ekmekci, Paivi Kinnunen
Summary: Mineral processing requires large amounts of water, and reducing water consumption through recirculation and closing water loops is important. However, this can lead to the accumulation of contaminants in the process water, which can negatively affect the process performance. In this study, the impact of microorganisms on flotation performance was investigated, and ion exchange was evaluated for removing dissolved sulfur species and microorganisms from water. The results showed that adding microorganisms had a positive effect on flotation selectivity, especially for nickel. Different water types, process water and final tailings water, behaved slightly differently. Ion exchange proved to be effective in removing sulfur species and microorganisms, and dissolved air flotation was a successful pretreatment for ion exchange in removing microorganisms.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Canneng Chen, Song Zhang, Quanjun Liu, Luzheng Chen, Yongjun Xian, Yijie Wang
Summary: This study introduces the use of ultrasonic pretreatment to enhance the flotation separation of elemental sulfur and silver-bearing lead minerals from ultrafine residue. The results show that ultrasonic pretreatment effectively liberates associated sulfur and improves the separation of sulfur and silver-bearing lead minerals. Under optimized conditions, ultrasonic pretreatment significantly improves the recovery and grade of sulfur in the concentrate, as well as the recovery of lead and silver in the tailings.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Genzhuang Li, Fisher Wang, Bern Klein, Michael Deal, Aaron Wright, Hector Mezquita
Summary: This paper presents a stress-based approach for predicting and improving large-scale HIG mill performance through experimental testing and model calibration.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Runpeng Liao, Shuming Wen, Jian Liu, Shaojun Bai, Qicheng Feng
Summary: This study demonstrates that the use of a DDA/DDTC mixed collector system can significantly improve the flotation performance of smithsonite. The synergistic effect between DDA and DDTC is confirmed, and the mixed collector system contributes to a decrease in solution surface tension. The use of FT-IR and XPS confirms the simultaneous physisorption and chemisorption of DDA and DDTC on the smithsonite surface, and contact angle measurements show that the mixed collector effectively enhances the hydrophobicity of smithsonite. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal the multilayer adsorption of DDTC and DDA on the smithsonite surface, with DDTC promoting the adsorption of DDA.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2024)
