Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Chong Qi, Roberto J. Liotta, Ramon Wyss
Summary: A salient feature of quantum mechanics is the inherent property of collective quantum motion, leading to enhanced transition probabilities. An appropriate definition of uncorrelated average motion, often expressed by single particle units, is crucial for assessing the extent of a collective quantity.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Xin Yin, Yumin Zhao
Summary: In this study, the patterns exhibited by integrated neutron-proton interactions (V-NP) were investigated. The study found systematic differences among particle-particle, hole-hole, hole-particle, and particle-hole cases. A simple formula for V-NP was proposed, which showed approximate linearity with NnNp. The observed ordering of V-NP, with particle-particle case being the largest, hole-hole case being in between, and particle-hole and hole-particle cases being the smallest, was explained in terms of the dominant part of V-NP originating from symmetry energy and refinement involving the shell correction in the mass formulas.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. S. M. Gerathy, A. J. Mitchell, G. J. Lane, A. E. Stuchbery, A. Akber, H. A. Alshammari, L. J. Bignell, B. J. Coombes, J. T. H. Dowie, T. J. Gray, T. Kibedi, B. P. McCormick, L. J. McKie, M. S. Rahman, M. Reece, N. J. Spinks, B. P. E. Tee, Y. Y. Zhong, K. Zhu
Summary: Excited-state lifetimes were measured in three N = 125 isotones, showing almost identical transition energies for the first excited state to ground state transition. The role of protons as spectators increases along the isotone chain, with large-basis shell-model calculations underestimating the experimental values. The near-constant transition energies are attributed to complex nucleon-nucleon correlations enhancing quadrupole collectivity beyond the shell-model valence space.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marten Scheffer, Ingrid van de Leemput, Els Weinans, Johan Bollen
Summary: The research suggests that there has been a gradual increase in the use of words associated with rationality in books since 1850, while words related to human experience have decreased. In recent decades, this pattern has reversed, accompanied by a shift from collectivism to individualism and changes in the ratio between sentiment and rationality flag words. Overall, there has been a marked shift in public interest from collective to individual, and from rationality towards emotion in recent decades.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
V. S. Prasher, A. J. Mitchell, C. J. Lister, P. Chowdhury, L. Afanasieva, M. Albers, C. J. Chiara, M. P. Carpenter, D. Cline, N. D'Olympia, C. J. Guess, A. B. Hayes, C. R. Hoffman, R. V. F. Janssens, B. P. Kay, T. L. Khoo, A. Korichi, T. Lauritsen, E. Merchan, Y. Qiu, D. Seweryniak, R. Shearman, S. K. Tandel, A. Verras, C. Y. Wu, S. Zhu
Summary: Excited states in neutron-rich W-186 were populated via inelastic-scattering reactions using Xe-136 beams accelerated to 725 and 800 MeV. Different rotational side bands were extended to various spins, showing consistency with potential softening to vibration with increasing spin. Odd-even staggering of states in the K-pi = 2(-) band exhibited a phase opposite to that seen in the K-pi = 2(+) band, possibly due to Coriolis coupling.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Z. Kargar, Sh. Afrookhteh
Summary: This study investigates the effects of nuclear deformation and angular momentum on the thermodynamic properties of 184Re, using the MEGBCS model to account for thermal fluctuations. The results show that the pairing gap increases with temperature at high angular momentum, indicating thermally assisted pairing correlation. Furthermore, the S-shaped heat capacity associated with pairing phase transition disappears with increased angular momentum and nuclear deformation.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Physics, Nuclear
Frederic Nowacki, Alexandre Obertelli, Alfredo Poves
Summary: This review discusses the experimental facilities and methods for studying extreme neutron-rich nuclei, as well as the theoretical framework that predicts and explains their properties. Emphasis is placed on the shell-model approach with large-scale configuration interaction, the competition between the spherical mean field and nuclear correlations, and the SU(3) related symmetry properties. The article also explores Islands of Inversion, shell evolution, new magic numbers, and behaviors of neutron closures near the neutron drip line.
PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
T. H. Ogunbeku, B. P. Crider, S. N. Liddick, B. A. Brown, A. Chester, K. L. Childers, P. Chowdhury, E. Lamere, R. Lewis, B. Longfellow, R. S. Lubna, S. Lyons, S. K. Neupane, D. Perez-Loureiro, C. J. Prokop, A. L. Richard, U. Silwal, D. P. Siwakoti, D. C. Smith, M. K. Smith, Y. Xiao
Summary: The appearance of isomeric states in neutron-rich nuclei provides valuable information on nuclear configurations. The study reveals the presence of intruder states in neutron-rich Si isotopes, indicating a diminished shell gap at N = 28.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Pedro Agostini, Tolga Altinoluk, Nestor Armesto
Summary: We numerically analyze the azimuthal correlations of two particles generated in pA collisions at central rapidities within the framework of the Color Glass Condensate. In our analysis, we consider the subeikonal corrections arising from the finite longitudinal width of the dense target. Our results show that the subeikonal terms contribute to both even and odd harmonics, unlike the standard Color Glass Condensate calculations at eikonal accuracy. Furthermore, we confirm the expected disappearance of subeikonal effects with increasing collision energy and forward rapidities.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
O. G. Polischuk, A. S. Barabash, P. Belli, R. Bernabei, R. S. Boiko, F. Cappella, V Caracciolo, R. Cerulli, F. A. Danevich, A. Di Marco, A. Incicchitti, D. Kasperovych, V. V. Kobychev, S. Konovalov, M. Laubenstein, D. Poda, V. Tretyak, V. Umatov
Summary: The experiment is being conducted at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory in Italy, using a highly purified Nd2O3 sample to measure the 2 beta(-) decay of Nd-150 to excited levels of Sm-150. Preliminary estimation of the decay half-life was made based on data accumulated over 39898 hours.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
T. Papenbrock
Summary: This paper presents a model-independent derivation of pairing rotations in finite superfluid systems and explores the connections between systems with different number of Cooper pairs. Additionally, this study investigates the analogies between different reactions in open-shell nuclei and studies odd semimagic nuclei by coupling fermions to the superfluid.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
M. Spieker, L. A. Riley, P. D. Cottle, K. W. Kemper, D. Bazin, S. Biswas, P. J. Farris, A. Gade, T. Ginter, S. Giraud, J. Li, S. Noji, J. Pereira, M. Smith, D. Weisshaar, R. G. T. Zegers
Summary: Enhanced octupole collectivity is observed in the neutron-deficient Ge, Se, and Kr isotopes. However, theoretical models struggle to predict octupole collectivity accurately due to shape coexistence and configuration mixing. In this study, the rare isotopes 72Se and 74,76Kr were investigated, revealing two distinct regions of octupole strengths near the shape-transitional point at A=72.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Yu Qiang, J. C. Pei
Summary: This work presents a microscopic study of dissipation in fission dynamical evolutions with the time-dependent Hartree-Fock + BCS method, extracting friction coefficients and dissipation energies. It is shown that dissipation increases with increasing initial excitation energies or decreasing pairing strengths, playing a significant role in the final stage of scission. The characteristics of dissipations demonstrated in this study will be valuable for calibrations of various fission models.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. Ramanan, M. Urban
Summary: The paper reviews the long-standing problem of superfluid pairing in pure neutron matter, focusing on s-wave and p-wave pairing. It summarizes the advances in many-body approaches and compares them with quantum Monte Carlo results at low densities, highlighting the uncertainties associated with p-wave pairing at higher densities.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL-SPECIAL TOPICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
X. Aguerre, R. Arnold, C. Augier, A. S. Barabash, A. Basharina-Freshville, S. Blondel, S. Blot, M. Bongrand, R. Breier, V. Brudanin, J. Busto, A. Bystryakov, A. J. Caffrey, C. Cerna, J. P. Cesar, M. Ceschia, E. Chauveau, A. Chopra, L. Dawson, D. Duchesneau, D. Durand, J. J. Evans, R. Flack, P. Franchini, X. Garrido, C. Girard-Carillo, B. Guillon, P. Guzowski, M. Hoballah, R. Hodak, P. Hubert, M. H. Hussain, S. Jullian, A. Klimenko, O. Kochetov, S. I. Konovalov, F. Konarik, T. Krizak, D. Lalanne, K. Lang, Y. Lemiere, P. Li, P. Loaiza, G. Lutter, M. Macko, F. Mamedov, C. Marquet, F. Mauger, A. Minotti, B. Morgan, I. Nemchenok, M. Nomachi, F. Nowacki, H. Ohsumi, G. Oliviero, V. Palusova, C. Patrick, F. Perrot, M. Petro, A. Pin, F. Piquemal, P. Povinec, S. Pratt, P. Pridal, W. S. Quinn, Y. A. Ramachers, A. Remoto, J. L. Reyss, C. L. Riddle, E. Rukhadze, R. Saakyan, A. Salamatin, R. Salazar, X. Sarazin, J. Sedgbeer, Yu. Shitov, L. Simard, F. Simkovic, A. Smetana, A. Smolnikov, S. Soeldner-Rembold, I. Stekl, J. Suhonen, G. Szklarz, H. Tedjditi, J. Thomas, V. Timkin, V. I. Tretyak, V. I. Tretyak, V. I. Umatov, I. Vanushin, Y. Vereshchaka, V. Vorobel, D. Waters, F. Xie
Summary: The NEMO-3 experiment reports the results of the double-beta decay of 150Nd to the 0+1 and 2+1 excited states of 150Sm. The signal of the 2 nu beta beta transition to the 0+1 excited state is detected with a statistical significance exceeding 5 sigma, and the half-life is measured to be [1.11+0.19-0.14(stat)+0.17-0.15(syst)]x10(20) years, the most precise value obtained to date. Limits are also set for other decay modes.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Review
Physics, Nuclear
J. M. Yao, J. Meng, Y. F. Niu, P. Ring
Summary: Nuclear weak decays provide important insights into fundamental symmetries in nature, and accurately describing these processes requires comprehensive understanding of strong and weak interactions in the nuclear medium and quantum many-body dynamics. Observing the hypothetical double beta decay without neutrino emission would demonstrate the Majorana nature of neutrinos and the violation of lepton number. It would also offer valuable information about the order and scale of neutrino masses.
PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
X. H. Wu, P. W. Zhao, S. Q. Zhang, J. Meng
Summary: Nuclear chronometers predict the ages of the oldest stars by comparing the abundance of radioactive nuclides. Synchronizing different chronometers can provide constraints on astrophysical conditions. This study found a significant reduction in the uncertainties of nuclear cosmochronology and applied it to estimate the ages of metal-poor stars.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Ming-Hui Zhou, Ze-Yu Li, Sheng-Yuan Chen, Yong-Jing Chen, Zhi-Pan Li
Summary: We use covariant density functional theory to calculate the three-dimensional potential energy surface (PES) for the fission of U-236 compound nucleus, with constraints on axial quadrupole and octupole deformations (beta(2), beta(3)) as well as nucleon number in the neck q(N). Considering the additional degree of freedom q(N), we predict the coexistence of elongated and compact fission modes in the range of 0.9 ≤ beta(3) ≤ 1.3. Remarkably, the PES becomes shallow across a wide range of quadrupole and octupole deformations for small q(N), leading to a shallow band in the scission line in the (beta(2), beta(3)) plane, resulting in fluctuations of several to ten MeV in the estimated total kinetic energies and several to approximately ten nucleons in the fragment masses.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Y. P. Wang, J. Meng
Summary: This study focuses on the microscopic understanding of the influence of pairing correlations or superfluidity on nuclear chiral rotation. By implementing a shell-model-like approach with exact particle number conservation based on the three-dimensional cranking covariant density functional theory, the pairing correlations are taken into account and applied to the chiral doublet bands in 135Nd. The results successfully reproduce the available data, including the I -omega relation and electromagnetic transition probabilities B(M1) and B(E2). It is found that superfluidity can reduce the critical frequency and facilitate chiral rotation by reducing particle/hole alignments along specific axes.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zu-Xing Yang, Xiao-Hua Fan, Zhi-Pan Li, Haozhao Liang
Summary: In this study, a Kohn-Sham scheme based multi-task neural network is developed for supervised learning of nuclear shell evolution. The training set consists of single-particle wave functions and occupation probabilities of 320 nuclei obtained from Skyrme density functional theory. The deduced density distributions, momentum distributions, and charge radii show good agreements with benchmarking results for untrained nuclei. Shell evolution and charge-radius-based calibration further improve the network's predictive capability, opening up possibilities for inferring correlations among observables in nuclear complex systems.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
J. Lin, Y. K. Wang, C. Xu, Z. H. Li, H. Hua, S. Q. Zhang, D. W. Luo, H. Y. Wu, J. Meng, X. G. Wu, Y. Zheng, C. B. Li, T. X. Li, Z. Y. Huang, H. Cheng, C. Y. Guo, Z. X. Zhou, Z. Q. Chen, C. G. Wang
Summary: The high-spin spectroscopy of Ni-61 has been investigated through the fusion-evaporation reaction Cr-54(B-11, 4n)Ni-61 at a beam energy of 54 MeV. One dipole band and one quadrupole band in Ni-61 have been identified for the first time, and they are considered as potential candidates for magnetic and antimagnetic rotational bands based on comparisons with Cd-110 and particle-plus-rotor model calculations. Microscopic tilted axis cranking covariant density functional theory has been used to further study these new bands, and good agreement between experiment and calculation has been achieved. The dipole band is characterized by the shears mechanism, while the quadrupole band is characterized by the two-shears-like mechanism. This study provides evidence for the possible coexistence of magnetic and antimagnetic rotations in the A approximate to 60 mass region.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
B. Li, D. Vretenar, Z. X. Ren, T. Niksic, J. Zhao, P. W. Zhao, J. Meng
Summary: The saddle-to-scission dynamics of induced fission process is investigated using a microscopic finite temperature model based on time-dependent nuclear density functional theory (TDDFT), which allows the tracking of local temperature evolution along the fission trajectories. By starting from a temperature corresponding to the experimental excitation energy of the compound system, nucleons are propagated along isentropic paths towards scission. The study focuses on the energy partitioning at scission, including dissipated energy along the fission path and the prescission kinetic energy, for four illustrative cases of induced fission. The model is also applied to the dynamics of neck formation and rupture, characterized by the formation of few-nucleon clusters in the low-density region between the nascent fragments.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Y. L. Yang, P. W. Zhao, Z. P. Li
Summary: The study investigates the shape and multiple shape coexistence of nuclei by calculating low-lying spectra and quadrupole shape invariants. The results predict nuclear mass regions where shape and multiple shape coexistence occur and are in agreement with experimental data. The study also predicts the occurrence of shape or multiple shape coexistence in neutron-rich regions. The connection between strong E0 transition strength and shape coexistence is analyzed, indicating that nuclei with pronounced shape coexistence generally have strong E0 transition strengths.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Y. Huang, J. T. Zhang, Y. Kuang, J. Geng, X. L. Tu, K. Yue, W. H. Long, Z. P. Li
Summary: The fundamental properties of doubly-magic nuclei, including radius and binding energy, have essential significance in theoretical calculations. The matter radii of O-16 have shown a significant discrepancy, especially those obtained from interaction cross sections. To address this issue, the small-angle differential cross sections of proton-nuclei elastic scattering in the energy range of 200-700 MeV were reanalyzed using the Glauber model. A precise matter radius of 2.554(20) fm for O-16 was determined. The calculated neutron skin thicknesses of O-16, obtained through different interactions, were found to be independent of symmetry energy and consistent with our results.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A
(2023)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Sibo Wang, Hui Tong, Qiang Zhao, Chencan Wang, Peter Ring, Jie Meng
Summary: The study investigates nucleon effective masses in neutron-rich matter using the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (RBHF) theory in the full Dirac space. The effective masses of neutrons and protons in symmetric nuclear matter are consistent with empirical values. In neutron-rich matter, the neutron has a larger effective mass compared to the proton, and the predicted neutron-proton effective mass splittings at the empirical saturation density are related to the isospin asymmetry parameter. The study's results align with other ab initio calculations and constraints from nuclear reaction and structure measurements.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Xuwei Sun, Jie Meng
Summary: The study on the isoscalar giant resonances in 86Ge reveals the presence of distinct resonance peaks and density changes in axially deformed and triaxially deformed nuclei, indicating an interplay among monopole, quadrupole, and hexadecupole vibrations.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Zeyu Li, Shengyuan Chen, Yongjing Chen, Zhipan Li
Summary: The asymmetric fission dynamics of 180Hg has been studied using the time-dependent generator coordinate method (TDGCM) based on covariant density functional theory (CDFT). The results show that there is an asymmetric fission valley in the potential energy surface, and the heavy/light fragments at scission are 101Rh/79Br, consistent with experimental data. It is also found that the heavy fragments of lowest-energy scission configurations have small quadrupole deformations and certain octupole deformations, driven by the extended neutron octupole shell gap. The estimated total kinetic energy distribution is in agreement with experimental data. The dynamical TDGCM calculation successfully reproduces the asymmetric yield distribution of low-energy fission of 180Hg, particularly the peak positions.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Cong Pan, Myung-Ki Cheoun, Yong-Beom Choi, Jianmin Dong, Xiaokai Du, Xiao-Hua Fan, Wei Gao, Lisheng Geng, Eunja Ha, Xiao-Tao He, Jinke Huang, Kun Huang, Seonghyun Kim, Youngman Kim, Chang-Hwan Lee, Jenny Lee, Zhipan Li, Zhi-Rui Liu, Yiming Ma, Jie Meng, Myeong-Hwan Mun, Zhongming Niu, Panagiota Papakonstantinou, Xinle Shang, Caiwan Shen, Guofang Shen, Wei Sun, Xiang-Xiang Sun, Jiawei Wu, Xinhui Wu, Xuewei Xia, Yijun Yan, To Chung Yiu, Kaiyuan Zhang, Shuangquan Zhang, Wei Zhang, Xiaoyan Zhang, Qiang Zhao, Ruyou Zheng, Shan-Gui Zhou
Summary: This paper extends the point-coupling DRHBc theory to odd -A and odd-odd nuclei and examines its applicability by calculating the ground-state properties of odd -A Nd isotopes. The results show good agreement with experimental data, paving the way for constructing a DRHBc mass table that includes all even-even, odd -A, and odd-odd nuclei in the nuclear chart.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
E. Grodner, M. Kowalczyk, M. Kisielinski, J. Srebrny, L. Prochniak, Ch Droste, S. G. Rohozinski, Q. B. Chen, M. Ionescu-Bujor, C. A. Ur, F. Recchia, J. Meng, S. Q. Zhang, P. W. Zhao, G. Georgiev, R. Lozeva, E. Fiori, S. Aydin, A. Nalecz-Jawecki
Summary: The g factor of the isomeric I = 9(+) bandhead of Cs-128 was obtained through experimental measurements and compared with the particle-rotor model. The results suggest that Cs-128 exhibits a nonchiral geometry for the isomeric bandhead and has a chiral critical frequency.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
C. G. Wang, R. Han, C. Xu, H. Hua, R. A. Bark, S. Q. Zhang, S. Y. Wang, T. M. Shneidman, S. G. Zhou, J. Meng, S. M. Wyngaardt, A. C. Dai, F. R. Xu, X. Q. Li, Z. H. Li, Y. L. Ye, D. X. Jiang, C. G. Li, C. Y. Niu, Z. Q. Chen, H. Y. Wu, D. W. Luo, S. Wang, D. P. Sun, C. Liu, Z. Q. Li, N. B. Zhang, R. J. Guo, P. Jones, E. A. Lawrie, J. J. Lawrie, J. F. Sharpey-Schafer, M. Wiedeking, S. N. T. Majola, T. D. Bucher, T. Dinoko, B. Maqabuka, L. Makhathini, L. Mdletshe, O. Shirinda, K. Sowazi
Summary: The spectroscopy of Ge-71 was investigated and the first experimental evidence of an octupole rotational band in Ge isotopes was found, suggesting enhanced octupole correlation around N = 40 in the A approximate to 70 region.
